



@article {2307,
	title = {Cancer invasion and metastasis: Interacting ecosystems},
	journal = {Virchows ArchivVirchows Arch.},
	volume = {454},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 20Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: VARCEdoi: 10.1007/s00428-009-0784-0PubMed ID: 19471961Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Madani, I.; Department of Radiotherapy, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; email: indira.madani@ugent.beReferences: Tarin, D., New insights into the pathogenesis of breast cancer metastasis (2006) Breast Disease, 26 (1), pp. 13-25;Stafford, L.J., Vaidya, K.S., Welch, D.R., Metastasis suppressors genes in cancer (2008) Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 40, pp. 874-891; 
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},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {599 - 622},
	abstract = {Malignant tumors invade and metastasize. They consist of cancer cells, evolving through genetic and epigenetic modulation, mixed with tumor-associated host cells, emerging from resident or bone marrow-derived precursors. These cells establish ecosystems to activate cellular programs for local invasion and distant metastasis. Characteristic of such malignancy-related activities is communication inside ecosystems between cells, ligands, receptor protein complexes, and signaling pathways as well as between ecosystems comprising the primary tumor, lymph node and distant metastasis, bone marrow and blood and lymph circulation. Complexity is another characteristic, resulting from: heterogeneity of the cell populations; the numbers of promoter and suppressor genes, their levels of regulation, and the pleiotropic activities of their products; biological redundancy of the molecular mechanisms underpinning invasion-related activities. Clinical attention is paid to putative new targets, namely host cells, individual molecules and their signaling pathways, as well as the effects of current treatment on invasion and metastasis. {\textcopyright} 2009 Springer-Verlag.},
	keywords = {bone marrow, cancer cell, cancer invasion, carcinogenesis, cell activity, Circulation, ecosystem, epigenetics, extracellular matrix, gene control, host cell, human, Humans, lymph node metastasis, metastasis, Metastatic site, microarray analysis, Molecular biology, molecular imaging, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasms, nonhuman, pleiotropy, primary tumor, priority journal, Promoter and suppressor genes, promoter region, review, signal transduction, suppressor gene, Therapy guidance, Tumor-associated host cells},
	isbn = {09456317 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-67649116432\&partnerID=40\&md5=4c02a29f53858424b4c3191dcd86256c},
	author = {Mareel, M. and Oliveira, M.J. and Madani, I.}
}
