



@article {2456,
	title = {In situ thermal and structural characterization of bioactive calcium phosphate glass ceramics containing TiO                    2 and MgO oxides: High temperature - XRD studies
},
	journal = {Journal of Non-Crystalline SolidsJ Non Cryst Solids},
	volume = {351},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 24Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JNCSBdoi: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.01.060Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; Depto. De Engenharia Metalurgica E., Faculdade De Engenharia Da Univ. D., Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; email: jdsantos@fe.up.ptReferences: Franks, K., Abrahams, I., Georgiou, G., Knowles, J.C., (2001) Biomaterials, 22, p. 497;Rizkalla, A.S., Jones, D.W., Clarke, D.B., Hall, G.C., (1996) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 32, p. 119; 
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},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {810 - 817},
	abstract = {This study aims to develop glass ceramics in the calcium phosphate system that exhibit suitable properties to be used for biomedical applications. Calcium phosphate glasses with the incorporation of small additions of MgO and TiO                        2 oxides were prepared in the pyro-and orthophosphate regions. The glass ceramics were prepared by a controlled powder sintering process through heat-treatment at different temperatures, as defined by results from differential thermal analysis (DTA). The composition of the crystalline phases precipitated in the glassy matrix as a result of heat treatments at different temperatures, ranging from 681 to 725 {\textdegree}C, was determined from X-ray diffraction data. The sequence of phase crystallization in the mother glass was also studied in situ using high temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) analysis. Results showed that the first phases that precipitated in the glass matrix were α- and β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 at 620 {\textdegree}C. A small amount of CaTi
                        4(PO
                        4)
                        6 appeared at 630 {\textdegree}C. At 650 {\textdegree}C the three phases α-Ca
                        2P
                        2O 
                        7, β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 and CaTi 
                        4(PO
                        4)
                        6 were clearly presented with a small amount of TiP
                        2O
                        7 and finally at 660 {\textdegree}C all four phases were observed. Glass ceramics were also characterized using Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This study demonstrates that, by altering the heat treatment cycle, it is possible to prepare glass ceramics in the calcium phosphate system that contains different bioactive and biocompatible phases. {\textcopyright} 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.
},
	keywords = {Biocompatibility, Calcium Compounds, Calcium phosphate systems, Cavity fillers, Computer software, Crystallinity, Differential thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Glass ceramics, Magnesia, Phase analysis, Raman spectroscopy, Titanium dioxide, X ray diffraction analysis, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy},
	isbn = {00223093 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-17144386654\&partnerID=40\&md5=62eb1a16abd917d2ab97537b33d7197c},
	author = {Dias, A.G. and Skakle, J.M.S. and Gibson, I.R. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D.}
}
