



@article {2570,
	title = {Individual study of chromium in the stainless steel implants degradation: An experimental study in mice},
	journal = {BioMetalsBioMetals},
	volume = {12},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 7Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BOMEEPubMed ID: 10581692Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Do Carmo Pereira, M.; Departamento de Engenharia Quimica, FEUP, Rua dos Bragas, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; email: mcsp@fe.up.ptChemicals/CAS: Biocompatible Materials; Chromium, 7440-47-3; Stainless Steel, 12597-68-1References: Bartolozzi, A., Black, J., Chromium concentrations in serum, blood clot and urine from patients following total hip arthroplasty (1985) Biomaterials, 6, pp. 2-8;Black, J., Maitin, E.C., Gelman, H., Morris, D.M., Serum concentrations of chromium, cobalt and nickel after total hip replacement: A six month study (1983) Biomaterials, 4, pp. 160-164; 
Brien, W.W., Salvati, E.A., Healey, J.H., Bansal, M., Ghelman, B., Betts, F., Osteogenic sarcoma arising in the area of a total hip replacement (1990) J Bone Joint Surg, 72 A, pp. 1097-1099; 
Brown, S.A., Farnsworth, U., Merritt, K., Crowe, T.D., In vitro and in vivo metal ion release (1988) J Biomed Mater Res, 22, pp. 321-338; 
Brown, S.A., Zhang, K., Merritt, K., Payer, J.H., In vivo transport and excretion of corrosion products from accelerated anodic corrosion of porous coaled 1-75 alloy (1993) J Biomed Mater Res, 27, pp. 1007-1017; 
Burrows, D., (1983) Chromium: Metabolism and Toxicity, , CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida; 
Dobbs, H.S., Minski, M.J., Metal ion release after total hip replacement (1980) Biomaterials, 1, pp. 193-198; 
Kargacin, B., Squibb, K.S., Cosentino, S., Zhitkovich, A., Costa, M., Comparison of the uptake and distribution of chromate in rats and mice (1993) Biol Trace Element Res, 36, pp. 307-318; 
Katz, S.A., Salem, H., The toxicology of chromium with respect to its chemical speciation: A review (1993) J Appl Toxicol, 13, pp. 217-224; 
Katz, S.A., Salem, H., (1994) The Biological and Environmental Chemistry of Chromium, , VCH Publishers; 
Langard, S., Hensten-Pettersen, A., Chromium toxicology (1981) Systemic Aspects of Biocompatibility, p. 143. , Williams DF. eds. Boca Raton, Florida, CRC Press; 
Martin, A., Bauer, T.W., Manley, M.T., Marks, K.E., Osteosarcoma at the site of total hip replacement (1988) J Bone Joint Surg, 70 A, pp. 1561-1566; 
Merritt, K., Brown, S.A., Biological effects of corrosion products from metals (1985) Corrosion and Degradation of Implant Materials: Second Symposium, pp. 195-207. , Fraker AC. Griffin CD. eds. Philadelphia, American Society for Testing and Materials; 
Merritt, K., Brown, S.A., Release of hexavalent chromium from corrosion of stainless steel and cobalt-chromium alloys (1995) J Biomed Mater Res, 29, pp. 627-633; 
Merritt, K., Brown, S.A., Sharkey, N.A., Blood distribution of nickel, cobalt, and chromium following intramuscular injection into hamsters (1984) J Biomed Mater Res, 18, pp. 991-1004; 
Merritt, K., Brown, S.A., Sharkey, N.A., The binding of metal salts and corrosion products to cells and proteins in vitro (1984) J Biomed Mater Res, 18, pp. 1005-1015; 
Merritt, K., Crowe, T.D., Brown, S.A., Elimination of nickel, cobalt, and chromium following repeated injections of high dose metal salts (1989) J Biomed Mater Res, 23, pp. 845-862; 
Merritt, K., Fedele, C.D., Brown, S.A., Chromium 6+ or 3+ release during corrosion; And in vivo distribution (1992) Biomaterial- Tissue Interfaces, Advances in Biomaterials, 10, pp. 49-53. , Doherty PJ. et al., eds; 
Pereira, M.C., Faria, J.L., Reis, M.L., Sousa, J.P., Nickel quantification in mice organs by adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry using microelectrodes (1997) Electroanalysis, 9, pp. 150-154; 
Pereira, M.C., Pereira, M.L., Sousa, J.P., Adsorptive stripping voltammetric measurements of chromium accumulation in mice organs using mercury film microelectrodes (1997) Electroanalysis, 9, pp. 941-944; 
Pereira, M.C., Pereira, M.L., Sousa, J.P., Evaluation of nickel toxicity on liver, spleen and kidney of mice after administration of high-dose metal ion (1998) J Biomed Mater Res, 40, pp. 40-47; 
Pereira, M.C., Pereira, M.L., Sousa, J.P., Adsorptive stripping measurements of iron accumulation in mice kidney using microlectrodes and histological features (1998) J Trace Elements Med Biol, 12, pp. 50-55; 
Pohler, O.E.M., Degradation of metallic orthopedic implants (1983) Biomaterials in Reconstructive Surgery, pp. 158-228. , Rubin LR, ed. The C. V. Mosby Company; 
Ross, M.H., Rowrell, L.J., (1985) Histology a Text and Atlas, , Williams \& Wilkins; 
Smith, G.K., Black, J., Estimation of in vivo type 316L stainless steel corrosion rate from blood transport and organ accumulation data (1985) Corrosion and Degradation of Implant Materials; Second Symposium, pp. 223-247. , Fraker AC, Griffin CD, eds. American Philadelphia, Society for Testing and Materials; 
Sunderman F.W., Jr., Hopfer, S.M., Swift, T., Cohalt, chromium, and nickel concentrations in body fluids of patients with porous-coated knee or hip prostheses (1989) J Orthop Res, 7, pp. 307-315; 
Yang, J., Black, J., Competitive binding of chromium, cobalt and nickel to serum proteins (1994) Biomaterials, 15, pp. 262-268; 
Young, E., Houwing, R.H., Patch test results with standard allergens over a decade (1987) Contact Dermatitis, 17, pp. 104-107
},
	month = {1999///},
	pages = {275 - 280},
	abstract = {To study the accumulation and the histological effects in mice organs caused by hexavalent chromium, one of the corrosion products released from AISI 316L stainless steel implants, mice groups were subcutaneously injected with a metallic solution of chromium during a certain period of time. Similar injections were made with HBSS (Hank{\textquoteright}s Balanced Salt Solution) in other groups to be used as controls. The levels of chromium found in the liver, kidney and spleen of the control and the treated animals were obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and were compared to those obtained by AdSV (adsorptive stripping voltammetry) to test the accuracy of the results. During the experimental period, the liver and spleen showed a progressive and significant accumulation of chromium whereas in the kidney the significant accumulation found after the first week practically remained unchanged during the four weeks. Apparently, the histological analysis of these tissues did not evidence any relevant morphological alteration induced by the chromium accumulations during the four weeks of treatment.},
	keywords = {animal experiment, animal tissue, Animalia, Animals, article, atomic absorption spectrometry, Biocompatible Materials, biomaterial, body weight, Chromium, controlled study, Corrosion, histology, histopathology, implant, Injections, Subcutaneous, Kidney, Liver, liver level, male, Mice, Mice organs, Mice, Inbred Strains, mouse, nonhuman, potentiometry, Prostheses and Implants, Spleen, Stainless steel, tissue distribution},
	isbn = {09660844 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032840626\&partnerID=40\&md5=e81da6070ec455e49604d3773033d58d},
	author = {Pereira, M.D.C. and Pereira, M.D.L. and Sousa, J.P.}
}
