



@article {2593,
	title = {In vitro biomineralization by osteoblast-like cells II. Characterization of cellular culture supernatants},
	journal = {BiomaterialsBiomaterials},
	volume = {19},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 7Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BIMADdoi: 10.1016/S0142-9612(97)00150-6PubMed ID: 9678846Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Carvalho, G.S.; IEC, Universidade do Minho, Largo do Paco, 4719 Braga Codex, PortugalChemicals/CAS: Calcium, 7440-70-2; Chromium, 7440-47-3; Culture Media; Iron, 7439-89-6; Metals; Nickel, 7440-02-0; Phosphorus, 7723-14-0; Stainless Steel, 12597-68-1References: Pereira, M.L., Silva, A., Tracana, R., Carvalho, G.S., Toxic effects caused by stainless steel corrosion products on mouse seminiferous cells (1994) Cytobios, 77, pp. 73-80;Pereira, M.L., Abreu, A.M., Sousa, J.P., Carvalho, G.S., Chromium accumulation and ultrastructural changes in the mouse liver caused by stainless steel corrosion products (1995) J Mater Sci Mater Med, 6, pp. 523-527; 
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},
	month = {1998///},
	pages = {23 - 29},
	publisher = {Elsevier Sci Ltd},
	abstract = {The quantification of total calcium, phosphorus, iron, chromium and nickel in cell culture medium by electrochemical or spectroscopic means may require digestion of samples. Nevertheless, when pH adjustment is performed for values higher than about 6.5, the formation of two phases occurs: a white precipitate and a clear solution. Analysing both phases using microelectrodes, atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy. X-ray dispersive (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDS) analysis, it was oberved that iron, chromium and nickel are not co-precipitating with the white solid phase. If quantification of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium is intended, a ten-fold dilution at least, must be performed to avoid most of these elements going into the precipitate. This knowledge is crucial if a mineralization study is going to be made.The quantification of total calcium, phosphorus, iron, chromium and nickel in cell culture medium by electrochemical or spectroscopic means may require digestion of samples. Nevertheless, when pH adjustment is performed for values higher than about 6.5, the formation of two phases occurs: a white precipitate and a clear solution. Analyzing both phases using microelectrodes, atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy, X-ray dispersive (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDS) analysis, it was observed that iron, chromium and nickel are not co-precipitating with the white solid phase. If quantification of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium is intended, a ten-fold dilution at least, must be performed to avoid most of these elements going into the precipitate. This knowledge is crucial if a mineralization study is going to be made.
},
	keywords = {Absorption spectroscopy, Animals, article, atomic absorption spectrometry, Biomaterials, bone mineralization, Calcification, Physiologic, Calcium, Cell culture medium, Cells, Cultured, Chromium, Culture Media, culture medium, Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy, electrochemistry, Energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, infrared spectroscopy, Iron, Magnesium, Metals, microelectrode, Microelectrodes, Nickel, nonhuman, osteoblast, Osteoblast cells, Osteoblasts, pH effects, phosphorus, precipitation, Precipitation (chemical), priority journal, Rabbits, Scanning electron microscopy, Spectrophotometry, Atomic, Spectroscopic techniques, Spectroscopy, Stainless steel, supernatant, Supernatants, Tissue culture, X ray analysis, X ray dispersive analysis},
	isbn = {01429612 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031841533\&partnerID=40\&md5=62f6b7869003505ce8adfdf96ca2a9f0},
	author = {Morais, S. and Carvalho, G.S. and Faria, J.L. and Gomes, H.T. and Sousa, J.P.}
}
