



@article {2601,
	title = {Treatments to induce the nucleation and growth of apatite-like layers on polymeric surfaces and foams},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med.},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 51Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1023/A:1018514107669Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Reis, R.L.; INEB-Inst. Biomedical Engineering, Praca do Coronel Pacheco 1, 4050 Porto, PortugalTradenames: Hostalen GM9255F, hoechst, Germany; SEVA-CManufacturers: hoechst, GermanyReferences: Lowenstam, H.A., Weiner, S., (1989) On Biomineralization, , Oxford University Press, Oxford;Mann, S., (1988) Nature, 332, p. 119; 
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},
	month = {1997///},
	pages = {897 - 905},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall Ltd},
	abstract = {In this work, a bioactive glass is used as a percusor of calcium-phosphate (Ca-P) film deposition onto several polymer-based materials. Both bioinert (high molecular weight polyethylene, HMWPE), and biodegradable (corn starch-based blends, SEVA-C) polymers, unreinforced or reinforced with hydroxylapatite (HA), were coated by the very simple proposed route. Also polyurethane (PU) foams, with an open-cell structure, were mineralized by the proposed method. In fact, it was possible to induce the growth of the Ca-P films not only at the surface, but also in the bulk of the PU foam. These cellular materials are intended for cancellous bone replacement applications. The morphology of the formed films was strongly dependent on the used substrate, its polar character, and on the presence of HA in its composition, as observed by SEM. Nevertheless, a well defined needle like structure was observed in all samples at high magnifications. The Ca:P ratios of the films were between 1.5 and 1.7, i.e. in the range of tricalcium phosphate-hydroxylapatite. Raman spectroscopy and thin-film x-ray diffraction (XRD) evidenced the formation of mostly amorphous calcium-phosphate films. After scraping the coating from the polymer surface and heat-treating the resulting powder at 1000{\textdegree}C for 1 h, HA and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) typical peaks were found on XRD patterns.In this work, a bioactive glass is used as a percussor of calcium-phosphate (Ca-P) film deposition onto several polymer-based materials. Both bioinert (high molecular weight polyethylene, HMWPE), and biodegradable (corn starch-based blends, SEVA-C) polymers, unreinforced or reinforced with hydroxylapatite (HA), were coated by the very simple proposed route. Also polyurethane (PU) foams, with an open-cell structure, were mineralized by the proposed method. In fact, it was possible to induce the growth of the Ca-P films not only at the surface, but also in the bulk of the PU foam. These cellular materials are intended for cancellous bone replacement applications. The morphology of the formed films was strongly dependent on the used substrate, its polar character, and on the presence of HA in its composition, as observed by SEM. Nevertheless, a well defined needle like structure was observed in all samples at high magnifications. The Ca:P ratios of the films were between 1.5 and 1.7, i.e. in the range of tricalcium phosphate-hydroxylapatite. Raman spectroscopy and thin-film x-ray diffraction (XRD) evidenced the formation of mostly amorphous calcium-phosphate films. After scraping the coating from the polymer surface and heat-treating the resulting powder at 1000 {\textdegree}C for 1 h, HA and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) typical peaks were found on XRD patterns.
},
	keywords = {Apatite, Bioactivity, Biomaterials, calcium phosphate, cancellous bone, conference paper, Deposition, Film growth, Foamed plastics, glass, Heat treatment, hydroxyapatite, implantation, mineralization, molecular weight, morphology, Nucleation, Phosphate coatings, Phosphate minerals, polyethylene, polymer, polyurethan foam, Polyurethanes, priority journal, Raman spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, X ray diffraction, Zea mays},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031466435\&partnerID=40\&md5=cf3826a417103c1e6bf61e37f681e8fe},
	author = {Reis, R.L. and Cunha, A.M. and Fernandes, M.H. and Correia, R.N.}
}
