



@article {3390,
	title = {Are coffee silverskin extracts safe for topical use? An in vitro and in vivo approach},
	journal = {Industrial Crops and Products},
	volume = {63},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Times Cited: 0},
	month = {2015},
	pages = {167-174},
	isbn = {0926-6690},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000347499000025},
	author = {Rodrigues, F. and Pereira, C. and Pimentel, F. B. and Alves, R. C. and Ferreira, M. and Sarmento, B. and Helena Amaral, M. and Oliveira, M. Beatriz P. P.}
}
@article {3391,
	title = {Coffee silverskin: A possible valuable cosmetic ingredient},
	journal = {Pharmaceutical Biology},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Times Cited: 0},
	month = {2015},
	pages = {386-394},
	isbn = {1388-0209},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000348831200011},
	author = {Rodrigues, Francisca and Palmeira-de-Oliveira, Ana and das Neves, Jose and Sarmento, Bruno and Helena Amaral, M. and Oliveira, M. Beatriz P. P.}
}
@article {3385,
	title = {Combined C4d and CD3 immunostaining predicts immunoglobulin (Ig)A nephropathy progression},
	journal = {Clinical and Experimental Immunology},
	volume = {179},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Times Cited: 0},
	month = {2015},
	pages = {354-361},
	isbn = {0009-9104},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000347233800020},
	author = {Faria, B. and Henriques, C. and Matos, A. C. and Daha, M. R. and Pestana, M. and Seelen, M.}
}
@article {3387,
	title = {Finite element analysis of pectus carinatum surgical correction via a minimally invasive approach},
	journal = {Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Neves, Sara/A-5993-2015
Neves, Sara/0000-0001-6154-2821
},
	month = {2015},
	pages = {711-720},
	isbn = {1025-5842},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000345141700003},
	author = {Neves, Sara C. and Pinho, A. C. M. and Fonseca, Jaime C. and Rodrigues, Nuno F. and Henriques-Coelho, Tiago and Correia-Pinto, Jorge and Vilaca, Joao L.}
}
@article {3382,
	title = {Safety and toxicity concerns of orally delivered nanoparticles as drug carriers},
	journal = {Expert opinion on drug metabolism \& toxicology},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015},
	pages = {381-93},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:25495133},
	author = {Araujo, Francisca and Shrestha, Neha and Granja, Pedro L. and Hirvonen, Jouni and Santos, Helder A. and Sarmento, Bruno}
}
@article {3190,
	title = {Antihyperglycemic Potential of Incretins Orally Delivered via Nano and Microsystems and Subsequent Glucoregulatory Effects},
	journal = {Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {609-619},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000342166700003},
	author = {Araujo, Francisca and Shrestha, Neha and Granja, Pedro L. and Hirvonen, Jouni and Santos, Helder A. and Sarmento, Bruno}
}
@article {3322,
	title = {Chitosan-modified porous silicon microparticles for enhanced permeability of insulin across intestinal cell monolayers},
	journal = {Biomaterials},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):1Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {7172 - 7179},
	abstract = {Porous silicon (PSi) based particulate systems are emerging as an important drug delivery system due to its advantageous properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and ability to tailor the particles{\textquoteright} physicochemical properties. Here, annealed thermally hydrocarbonized PSi (AnnTHCPSi) and undecylenic acid modified AnnTHCPSi (AnnUnTHCPSi) microparticles were developed as a PSi-based platform for oral delivery of insulin. Chitosan (CS) was used to modify the AnnUnTHCPSi microparticles to enhance the intestinal permeation of insulin. Surface modification with CS led to significant increase in the interaction of PSi microparticles with Caco-2/HT-29 cell co-culture monolayers. Compared to pure insulin, the CS-conjugated microparticles significantly improved the permeation of insulin across the Caco-2/HT-29 cell monolayers, with ca. 20-fold increase in the amount of insulin permeated and ca. 7-fold increase in the apparent permeability (Papp) value. Moreover, among all the investigated particles, the CS-conjugated microparticles also showed the highest amount of insulin associated with the mucus layer and the intestinal Caco-2 cells and mucus secreting HT-29 cells. Our results demonstrate that CS-conjugated AnnUnTHCPSi microparticles can efficiently enhance the insulin absorption across intestinal cells, and thus, they are promising microsystems for the oral delivery of proteins and peptides across the intestinal cell membrane. {\textcopyright} 2014 Elsevier Ltd.},
	keywords = {Cell monolayers, chitosan, Diabetes, Insulin, Microparticles, Porous silicon},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84902079022\&partnerID=40\&md5=4de20e5572512006f72e11cb61a2035c},
	author = {Shrestha, N. and Shahbazi, M.-A. and Ara{\'u}jo, F. and Zhang, H. and M{\"a}kil{\"a}, E.M. and Kauppila, J. and Sarmento, B. and Salonen, J.J. and Hirvonen, J.T. and Santos, H.A.}
}
@article {3406,
	title = {Endoplasmic Reticulum Degradation-Enhancing alpha-Mannosidase-like Protein 1 Targets Misfolded HLA-B27 Dimers for Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation},
	journal = {Arthritis \& Rheumatology},
	volume = {66},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {2976-2988},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000344349500008},
	author = {Guiliano, David B. and Fussell, Helen and Lenart, Izabela and Tsao, Edward and Nesbeth, Darren and Fletcher, Adam J. and Campbell, Elaine C. and Yousaf, Nasim and Williams, Sarah and Santos, Susana and Cameron, Amy and Towers, Greg J. and Kellam, Paul and Hebert, Daniel N. and Gould, Keith G. and Powis, Simon J. and Antoniou, Antony N.}
}
@article {3264,
	title = {The impact of nanoparticles on the mucosal translocation and transport of GLP-1 across the intestinal epithelium},
	journal = {Biomaterials},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {9199 - 9207},
	abstract = {Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that is in the pipeline for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy. However, oral administration of GLP-1 is hindered by the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and poor bioavailability. In this study, three nanosystems composed by three different biomaterials (poly(lactide-co-glycolide) polymer (PLGA), Witepsol E85 lipid (solid lipid nanoparticles, SLN) and porous silicon (PSi) were developed and loaded with GLP-1 to study their permeability invitro. All the nanoparticles presented a size of approximately 200nm. The nanoparticles{\textquoteright} interaction with the mucus and the intestinal cells were enhanced after coating with chitosan (CS). PSi nanosystems presented the best association efficiency (AE) and loading degree (LD), even though a high AE was also observed for PLGA nanoparticles and SLN. Among all the nanosystems, PLGA and PSi were the only nanoparticles able to sustain the release of GLP-1 in biological fluids when coated with CS. This characteristic was also maintained when the nanosystems were in contact with the intestinal Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cell monolayers. The CS-coated PSi nanoparticles showed the highest GLP-1 permeation across the intestinal invitro models. In conclusion, PLGA+CS and PSi+CS are promising nanocarriers for the oral delivery of GLP-1. {\textcopyright} 2014 Elsevier Ltd.},
	keywords = {chitosan, Diabetes, Glucagon like peptide-1, nanoparticles, Oral delivery systems, Triple co-culture},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84906788144\&partnerID=40\&md5=38c557a51eb271561ef59bfe12421842},
	author = {Ara{\'u}jo, F. and Shrestha, N. and Shahbazi, M.-A. and Fonte, P. and M{\"a}kil{\"a}, E.M. and Salonen, J.J. and Hirvonen, J.T. and Granja, P.L. and Santos, H.A. and Sarmento, B.}
}
@article {3257,
	title = {Magnetic Bioinspired Hybrid Nanostructured Collagen-Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds Supporting Cell Proliferation and Tuning Regenerative Process},
	journal = {Acs Applied Materials \& Interfaces},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {15697-15707},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000342328300010},
	author = {Tampieri, Anna and Iafisco, Michele and Sandri, Monica and Panseri, Silvia and Cunha, Carla and Sprio, Simone and Savini, Elisa and Uhlarz, Marc and Herrmannsdoerfer, Thomas}
}
@article {3319,
	title = {Modified-chitosan/siRNA nanoparticles downregulate cellular CDX2 expression and cross the gastric mucus barrier},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	abstract = {Development of effective non-viral vectors is of crucial importance in the implementation of RNA interference in clinical routine. The localized delivery of siRNAs to the gastrointestinal mucosa is highly desired but faces specific problems such as the stability in gastric acidity conditions and the presence of the mucus barrier. CDX2 is a transcription factor critical for intestinal differentiation being involved in the initiation and maintenance of gastrointestinal diseases. Specifically, it is the trigger of gastric intestinal metaplasia which is a precursor lesion of gastric cancer. Its expression is also altered in colorectal cancer, where it may constitute a lineage-survival oncogene. Our main objective was to develop a nanoparticle-delivery system of siRNA targeting CDX2 using modified chitosan as a vector. CDX2 expression was assessed in gastric carcinoma cell lines and nanoparticles behaviour in gastrointestinal mucus was tested in mouse explants. We show that imidazolemodified chitosan and trimethylchitosan/siRNA nanoparticles are able to downregulate CDX2 expression and overpass the gastric mucus layer but not colonic mucus. This system might constitute a potential therapeutic approach to treat CDX2-dependent gastric lesions. {\textcopyright} 2014 Sadio et al.},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84903390267\&partnerID=40\&md5=61e637790e0edeb37d05789120975646},
	author = {Sadio, A. and Gustafsson, J.K. and Pereira, B. and Gomes, C.P. and Hansson, G.C. and David, L. and P{\^e}go, A.P. and Almeida, R.}
}
@article {3292,
	title = {Modulation of human dermal microvascular endothelial cell and human gingival fibroblast behavior by micropatterned silica coating surfaces for zirconia dental implant applications},
	journal = {Science and Technology of Advanced Materials},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	abstract = {Dental ceramic implants have shown superior esthetic behavior and the absence of induced allergic disorders when compared to titanium implants. Zirconia may become a potential candidate to be used as an alternative to titanium dental implants if surface modifications are introduced. In this work, bioactive micropatterned silica coatings were produced on zirconia substrates, using a combined methodology of sol-gel processing and soft lithography. The aim of the work was to compare the in vitro behavior of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) on three types of silica-coated zirconia surfaces: flat and micropatterned (with pillars and with parallel grooves). Our results showed that cells had a higher metabolic activity (HGF, HDMEC) and increased gene expression levels of fibroblast-specific protein-1 (FSP-1) and collagen type I (COL I) on surfaces with pillars. Nevertheless, parallel grooved surfaces were able to guide cell growth. Even capillary tube-like networks of HDMEC were oriented according to the surface geometry. Zirconia and silica with different topographies have shown to be blood compatible and silica coating reduced bacteria adhesion. All together, the results indicated that microstructured bioactive coating seems to be an efficient strategy to improve soft tissue integration on zirconia implants, protecting implants from peri-implant inflammation and improving long-term implant stabilization. This new approach of micropatterned silica coating on zirconia substrates can generate promising novel dental implants, with surfaces that provide physical cues to guide cells and enhance their behavior. {\textcopyright} 2014 National Institute for Materials Science.},
	keywords = {bacteria adhesion, Biomaterials, hemolysis, human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs), human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), Micropatterning, Soft lithography},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84898687729\&partnerID=40\&md5=f252b87aeb163775547158cad0cf658b},
	author = {Laranjeira, M.S. and Carvalho, {\^A}. and Pelaez-Vargas, A. and Hansford, D. and Ferraz, M.P. and Coimbra, S. and Costa, E. and Santos-Silva, A. and Fernandes, M.H. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@article {3321,
	title = {Natriuretic peptide system modulation in uninephrectomized rats},
	journal = {Experimental and Clinical Cardiology},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {2368 - 2387},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Cardiac activation of the natriuretic peptide (NP) system plays a major role in the renal adaptations to volume, expansion (VE). However, its role after uninephrectomy (Unx) remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we evaluated cardiac hemodynamics, plasma NP-Type B (BNP) levels nd NP receptor A (NPR-A) and C (NPR-C) expression in the renal cortex (RC) and medulla (RM) of Sham and Unx rats. METHODS: Male Wistar-Han rats (n=42) were randomly assigned to Unx or Sham surgery. Non-invasive blood pressure (BP), invasive left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics and natriuretic response to VE were performed and plasma was collected for BNP determination, 2, 10 and 26 weeks after surgery. In addition, samples from RC and RM were obtained for NPR-A and -C quantification (RT-PCR and western-blot). RESULTS: In Unx, blood pressure elevation and reduced natriuretic response to VE were observed. Although plasma BNP levels increased overtime, no LV dysfunction or myocardial BNP gene activation was observed in Unx. NPR-A mRNA in RC and RM were significantly increased in Unx at 26 weeks. This was accompanied by decreased NPR-C mRNA in the RM in Unx at 10 and 26 weeks, with no differences detected in the RC. CONCLUSIONS: In our experimentalmodel of Unx, progressive BP elevation and reduced natriuretic response to VE were accompanied by modulation of NPR-A and -C expression, in both the RC and RM, in the absence of cardiac activation of the NP system. Our results suggest a local renal modulation of the NP system after Unx. {\textcopyright} 2013 et al.; licensee Cardiology Academic Press.},
	keywords = {BNP, Hypertension, Natriuretic peptide receptor, Uninephrectomy},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84905968553\&partnerID=40\&md5=54369af569474ee0bfddfa5aeac3237a},
	author = {Santos-Ara{\'u}jo, C. and Roncon-Albuquerque Jr., R. and Moreira-Rodrigues, M. and Henriques-Coelho, T. and Quelhas-Santos, J. and Faria, B. and Sampaio-Maia, B. and Leite-Moreira, A.F. and Pestana, M.}
}
@article {3289,
	title = {The potential utility of chitosan micro/nanoparticles in the treatment of gastric infection},
	journal = {Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {981 - 992},
	abstract = {Gastric infections are mainly caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa of over 50\% of the world{\textquoteright}s population. Chronic H. pylori infection has been associated with gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric adenocarcinoma. Current eradication treatment relies on antibiotic-based therapies that are unsuccessful in approximately 20\% of the patients. Chitosan, a natural and cationic polysaccharide has been investigated in the treatment of H. pylori infection. Due to its mucoadhesive properties, it has been used in the form of micro/nanoparticles, polyelectrolyte complexes or coatings as antibiotic encapsulation systems for gastric delivery, but alternative molecules may also be incorporated. It has been recently proposed that chitosan can also be used for H. pylori binding and scavenging from the host stomach due to its antimicrobial/binding properties. In this manuscript, a brief description of the use of chitosan in H. pylori treatment is reviewed. {\textcopyright} Informa UK, Ltd.},
	keywords = {Biomaterials, chitosan, Crosslinking, Drug delivery, Gastric cancer, Helicobacter pylori, Microspheres, mucoadhesion, nanoparticles, Polyelectrolytes},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84904003586\&partnerID=40\&md5=d8a682d7ce6be8633b1505d0a7b8adae},
	author = {Gon{\c c}alves, I.C. and Henriques, P.C. and Seabra, C.L. and Martins, M.C.L.}
}
@article {2868,
	title = {Comparison of different methods of heart rate entropy analysis during acute anoxia superimposed on a chronic rat model of pulmonary hypertension},
	journal = {Medical Engineering and Physics},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):1Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2013///},
	pages = {559 - 568},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84877632838\&partnerID=40\&md5=05c9ef6d6fea4a96d6a63f1749251066},
	author = {Gon{\c c}alves, H. and Henriques-Coelho, T. and Rocha, A.P. and Louren{\c c}o, A.P. and Leite-Moreira, A. and Bernardes, J.}
}
@article {2856,
	title = {Effects of density of anisotropic microstamped silica thin films on guided bone tissue regeneration - In vitro study},
	journal = {Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part B Applied Biomaterials},
	volume = {101 B},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2013///},
	pages = {762 - 769},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84878874447\&partnerID=40\&md5=edd0491ee0c1e8faf857a483e14efaf9},
	author = {Pelaez-Vargas, A. and Gallego-Perez, D. and Carvalho, A. and Fernandes, M.H. and Hansford, D.J. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@article {2866,
	title = {Hyaluronic acid / chitosan multilayer coatings on neuronal implants for localized delivery of siRNA nanoplexes},
	journal = {Journal of Controlled Release},
	volume = {168},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2013///},
	pages = {289 - 297},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84877033262\&partnerID=40\&md5=d58ff56593b3a791351102271ca61440},
	author = {Hartmann, H. and Hossfeld, S. and Schlosshauer, B. and Mittnacht, U. and P{\^e}go, A.P. and Dauner, M. and Doser, M. and Stoll, D. and Krastev, R.}
}
@article {2877,
	title = {Information-based measure of disagreement for more than two observers: A useful tool to compare the degree of observer disagreement},
	journal = {BMC Medical Research Methodology},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: ScopusArt. No.: 47},
	month = {2013///},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84875159444\&partnerID=40\&md5=c62818fbdde48aa73825e4780acb6f70},
	author = {Henriques, T. and Antunes, L. and Bernardes, J. and Matias, M. and Sato, D. and Costa-Santos, C.}
}
@article {2889,
	title = {Loss of WNK2 expression by promoter gene methylation occurs in adult gliomas and triggers Rac1-mediated tumour cell invasiveness},
	journal = {Human Molecular Genetics},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):2Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: ScopusArt. No.: dds405},
	month = {2013///},
	pages = {84 - 95},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84871200220\&partnerID=40\&md5=b2bfd70fb2a8a4e517e4ad698a2461cc},
	author = {Moniz, S. and Martinho, O. and Pinto, F. and Sousa, B. and Loureiro, C. and Oliveira, M.J. and Moita, L.F. and Honavar, M. and Pinheiro, C. and Pires, M. and Lopes, J.M. and Jones, C. and Costello, J.F. and Paredes, J. and Reis, R.M. and Jordan, P.}
}
@article {2843,
	title = {Neuropeptide y modulates fracture healing through Y1 receptor signaling},
	journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic Research},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2013///},
	pages = {1570 - 1578},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84882886747\&partnerID=40\&md5=dd7576a200a42ce37ff5a98115fe9462},
	author = {Sousa, D.M. and McDonald, M.M. and Mikulec, K. and Peacock, L. and Herzog, H. and Lamghari, M. and Little, D.G. and Baldock, P.A.}
}
@article {2178,
	title = {Micropatterned silica thin films with nanohydroxyapatite micro-aggregates for guided tissue regeneration},
	journal = {Dental MaterialsDent. Mater.},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: DEMAEdoi: 10.1016/j.dental.2012.09.002Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Carvalho, A.; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: angela.carvalho@ineb.up.ptReferences: Neumann, A., Biomaterials for craniofacial reconstruction (2009) Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie, 88 (SUPPL. 1), pp. 48-S63;Klinge, B., Hultin, M., Berglundh, T., Peri-implantitis (2005) Dental Clinics of North America, 49 (3 SPEC. ISSUE), pp. 661-676. , DOI 10.1016/j.cden.2005.03.007, PII S0011853205000236; 
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},
	month = {2012///},
	pages = {1250 - 1260},
	abstract = {Surface modification of biomaterials has been shown to improve the biological response to dental implants. The ability to create a controlled micro-texture on the implant via additive surface modification techniques with bioactive nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHA) may positively influence guided tissue regeneration. Objective: The main goal of this study was to produce micro-fabricated SiO                        2 surfaces modified with nanohydroxyapatite particles and to characterize their influence on the biological response of Human Dental-Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hDP-MSCs) and Streptococcus mutans. Materials and methods: A combined methodology of sol-gel and soft-lithography was used to produce micropatterned SiO 
                        2 thin films with different percentages of nanoHA micro-aggregates. The surfaces were characterized by SEM/EDS, FT-IR/ATR, AFM, XPS quantitative elemental percentage and contact angle measurements. Biological characterization was performed using hDP-MSCs cultures, while Streptococcus mutans was the selected microorganism to evaluate the bacterial adhesion on the thin films. Results: Micropatterned SiO 
                        2 surfaces with 0\%, 1\% and 5\% of nanoHA micro-aggregates were successfully produced using a combination of sol-gel and soft-lithography. These surfaces controlled the biological response, triggering alignment and oriented proliferation of hDP-MSCs and significant differences in the adhesion of S. mutans to the different surfaces. Significance: The micropatterned surfaces exhibited biocompatible behavior that induced an oriented adhesion and proliferation of hDP-MSCs while SiO 
                        2 presented low bacterial adhesion. These results show that the combination of sol-gel with soft-lithography is a good approach to create micropatterned surfaces with bioactive nanoparticles for guided tissue regeneration. {\textcopyright} 2012 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
},
	keywords = {Adhesion, AFM, Aggregates, Bacteria, Bacterial adhesion, Bioactive nanoparticles, Biological characterization, Biological materials, Biological response, Biomaterials, Cell culture, Contact angle, Dental prostheses, Flowcharting, FTIR/ATR, Guided tissue regeneration, Lithography, Mesenchymal stem cell, Micro patterning, Micro-texture, Microaggregates, Micropatterned, Micropatterned surface, Micropatterning, Nano-HA, Nano-hydroxyapatite, S. mutans, SEM/EDS, Silica, Silica thin films, Soft-lithography, Sol-gel, Sol-gel process, Sol-gels, Streptococcus mutans, Surface modification techniques, Surfaces, Thin films},
	isbn = {01095641 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84867841771\&partnerID=40\&md5=f33477063f16e99361687470c94d7289},
	author = {Carvalho, A. and Pelaez-Vargas, A. and Gallego-Perez, D. and Grenho, L. and Fernandes, M.H. and De Aza, A.H. and Ferraz, M.P. and Hansford, D.J. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@article {2204,
	title = {Neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor antagonism increases bone mass in mice},
	journal = {BoneBone},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BONEDdoi: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.03.020PubMed ID: 22484690Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Herzog, H.; Neuroscience Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; email: h.herzog@garvan.org.auChemicals/CAS: corticosterone, 50-22-6; glucose, 50-99-7, 84778-64-3; n2 diphenylacetyl n (4 ureidomethylbenzyl)argininamide, 191868-14-1, 217977-06-5; neuropeptide Y, 82785-45-3, 83589-17-7; Arginine, 74-79-3; BIBO 3304; Glucose, 50-99-7; Receptors, Neuropeptide Y; neuropeptide Y-Y1 receptorTradenames: bibo 3304References: Karaguzel, G., Holick, M.F., Diagnosis and treatment of osteopenia (2010) Rev Endocr Metab Disord, 11, pp. 237-251;Burge, R., Dawson-Hughes, B., Solomon, D.H., Wong, J.B., King, A., Tosteson, A., Incidence and economic burden of osteoporosis-related fractures in the United States, 2005-2025 (2007) J Bone Miner Res, 22, pp. 465-475; 
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},
	month = {2012///},
	pages = {8 - 16},
	abstract = {The neuropeptide Y system has emerged as one of the major neural signalling pathways regulating bone homeostasis. Absence of Y1 receptor signalling from bone forming osteoblasts is responsible for an enhancement on bone mass in mice, suggesting that pharmacological blockade of Y1 receptors may offer a novel anabolic treatment option for improving bone mass. Here we show that oral administration of the selective Y1 receptor antagonist BIBO3304 for 8. weeks dose-dependently increases bone mass in mice. Histomorphometric analysis revealed a significant 1.5-fold increase in cancellous bone volume in the femora of mice treated with BIBO3304. Furthermore, bone microarchitecture was improved, with greater trabecular number and trabecular thickness. This increase in bone mass was associated with a significant increase in bone anabolic activity of osteoblasts and, interestingly, was evident despite a coincident increase in bone resorption, as evidenced by an increase in the number of the osteolytic osteoclasts. Changes were also evident in cortical bone, with a significant increase in periosteal mineral apposition rate. Importantly, no adverse extra-skeletal side effects were observed through Y1 receptor antagonism over the 8-week treatment period, with no effects of even the higher BIBO3304 dose on body weight, adiposity, energy metabolism or circulating corticosterone levels. Taken together, this work describes the first NPY-based anabolic treatment for improving bone mass, and highlights the therapeutic potential of blocking Y1 receptor signalling for the prevention of, or recovery from, degenerative skeletal diseases. {\textcopyright} 2012 Elsevier Inc.},
	keywords = {animal experiment, animal tissue, Animals, Arginine, article, body weight, Bone Density, bone mass, bone metabolism, bone strength, cancellous bone, controlled study, cortical bone, corticosterone, corticosterone blood level, dose response, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, drug effect, drug mechanism, drug megadose, energy metabolism, femur, food intake, glucose, glucose homeostasis, Homeostasis, male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, morphometrics, mouse, n2 diphenylacetyl n (4 ureidomethylbenzyl)argininamide, neuropeptide Y, Neuropeptide yY, nonhuman, obesity, Oral drug administration, osteoblast, osteoclast activity, Osteogenesis, osteolysis, Osteopenia, Receptors, Neuropeptide Y, signal transduction, trabecular bone, Y1 receptor antagonism},
	isbn = {87563282 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84859915620\&partnerID=40\&md5=29596d34bad3cbf751d1cbfadb63abb9},
	author = {Sousa, D.M. and Baldock, P.A. and Enriquez, R.F. and Zhang, L. and Sainsbury, A. and Lamghari, M. and Herzog, H.}
}
@article {2228,
	title = {Isotropic micropatterned silica coatings on zirconia induce guided cell growth for dental implants},
	journal = {Dental MaterialsDent. Mater.},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 6Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: DEMAEdoi: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.02.014Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Pelaez-Vargas, A.; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Divis{\~a}o de Biomateriais, Universidade Do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: alejopv@ineb.up.ptChemicals/CAS: resazurin, 550-82-3; silicon dioxide, 10279-57-9, 14464-46-1, 14808-60-7, 15468-32-3, 60676-86-0, 7631-86-9; yttrium, 7440-65-5; zirconium, 14940-68-2, 7440-67-7; Ceramics; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Dental Implants; Dental Materials; Indicators and Reagents; Oxazines; Silicon Dioxide, 7631-86-9; Xanthenes; Yttrium, 7440-65-5; Zirconium, 7440-67-7; resazurin, 550-82-3; yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconiaReferences: Kasemo, B., Biocompatibility of titanium implants: Surface science aspects (1983) J Prosthet Dent, 49, pp. 832-837;Egusa, H., Ko, N., Shimazu, T., Yatani, H., Suspected association of an allergic reaction with titanium dental implants: A clinical report (2008) J Prosthet Dent, 100, pp. 344-347; 
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},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {581 - 589},
	abstract = {Titanium implants are the gold standard in dentistry; however, problems such as gingival tarnishing and peri-implantitis have been reported. For zirconia to become a competitive alternative dental implant material, surface modification techniques that induce guided tissue growth must be developed. Objectives: To develop alternative surface modification techniques to promote guided tissue regeneration on zirconia materials, for applications in dental implantology. Methods: A methodology that combined soft lithography and sol-gel chemistry was used to obtain isotropic micropatterned silica coatings on yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates. The materials were characterized via chemical, structural, surface morphology approaches. In vitro biological behavior was evaluated in terms of early adhesion and viability/metabolic activity of human osteoblast-like cells. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA/Tukey HSD post hoc test. Results: Isotropic micropatterned silica coatings on yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates were obtained using a combined approach based on sol-gel technology and soft lithography. Micropatterned silica surfaces exhibited a biocompatible behavior, and modulated cell responses (i.e. inducing early alignment of osteoblast-like cells). After 7 d of culture, the cells fully covered the top surfaces of pillar microstructured silica films. Significance: The micropatterned silica films on zirconia showed a biocompatible response, and were capable of inducing guided osteoblastic cell adhesion, spreading and propagation. The results herein presented suggest that surface-modified ceramic implants via soft lithography and sol-gel chemistry could potentially be used to guide periodontal tissue regeneration, thus promoting tight tissue apposition, and avoiding gingival retraction and peri-implantitis. {\textcopyright} 2011 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Adhesion, article, Biological behavior, biomaterial, biomedical and dental materials, cell adhesion, Cell culture, Cell Line, cell proliferation, Cell response, cell survival, Ceramic implants, ceramics, chemistry, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Coatings, confocal microscopy, crystallography, Dental implant materials, Dental implantology, Dental Implants, Dental Materials, Dental prostheses, diagnostic agent, dyes, reagents, indicators, markers and buffers, Gels, Gold standards, Growth kinetics, Guided tissue regeneration, Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal, heat, Hot Temperature, human, Human osteoblast-like cells, Humans, In-vitro, Indicators and Reagents, Lithography, materials testing, Micropatterned, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, osteoblast, Osteoblast-like cells, Osteoblastic cell adhesion, Osteoblasts, oxazine derivative, Oxazines, Peri-implantitis, Periodontal tissue, periodontics, phase transition, physiology, Raman spectrometry, resazurin, Scanning electron microscopy, Silica, Silica coatings, Silica film, Silica surface, silicon dioxide, Soft lithography, Sol-gel, Sol-gel chemistry, Sol-gel process, Sol-gel technology, Sol-gels, Sols, Spectrum Analysis, Raman, Stabilized zirconia, Statistical analysis, Surface modification techniques, Surface morphology, Surface Properties, surface property, Surface-modified, Surfaces, time, Time Factors, Tissue, Tissue growth, Titanium, Titanium implants, tooth implantation, Top surface, X ray diffraction, X-Ray Diffraction, xanthene derivative, Xanthenes, yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia, Yttria stabilized zirconia, yttrium, Yttrium alloys, Zirconia, Zirconia materials, zirconium},
	isbn = {01095641 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79955638770\&partnerID=40\&md5=31e0130d40aa381f08a781115b43fe2e},
	author = {Pelaez-Vargas, A. and Gallego-Perez, D. and Magallanes-Perdomo, M. and Fernandes, M.H. and Hansford, D.J. and De Aza, A.H. and Pena, P. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@article {2231,
	title = {Molecular recognition force spectroscopy: A new tool to tailor targeted nanoparticles},
	journal = {SmallSmall},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1002/smll.201002074Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: P{\^e}go, A. P.; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Divis̃o de Biomateriais, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: apego@ineb.up.ptReferences: Verma, I.M., Weitzman, M.D., (2005) Annu. Rev. Biochem., 74, pp. 711-738;Midoux, P., Breuzard, G., Gomez, J.P., Pichon, C., (2008) Curr. Gene Ther., 8, pp. 335-352; 
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},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {1236 - 1241},
	abstract = {The density of targeting moieties in a nanoparticle-based gene-delivery system has been shown to play a fundamental role in its vectoring performance. Here, molecular recognition force spectroscopy is proposed as a novel screening tool to optimize the density of targeting moieties of functionalized nanoparticles towards attaining cell-specific interaction. By tailoring the nanoparticle formulation, the unbinding event probability between nanoparticles tethered to an atomic force microscopy tip and neuronal cells is directly correlated to the nanoparticle gene-vectoring capacity. Additionally, new insights into protein-receptor interaction are revealed. This novel approach opens new avenues in the field of nanomedicine. A novel screening tool is described to optimize the density of targeting moieties of functionalized nanoparticles towards attaining cell-specific interaction. The unbinding event probability between nanoparticles tethered to an atomic force microscopy tip and neuronal cells is directly correlated to the nanoparticle gene-vectoring capacity. {\textcopyright} 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH \& Co. KGaA, Weinheim.},
	keywords = {article, Atomic force microscopy, Atomic spectroscopy, atomic-force microscopy, chemistry, Event probability, Force spectroscopy, Functionalized nanoparticles, gene technology, Gene-delivery systems, Genes, Medical nanotechnology, medicine, methodology, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Molecular biology, Molecular recognition, molecular recognition force spectroscopy, Nanomedicines, nanoparticle, Nanoparticle formulation, nanoparticles, Nanotechnology, Neuronal cell, Optimization, Receptor interaction, Screening tool, Specific interaction, Targeted nanoparticle},
	isbn = {16136810 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79955561627\&partnerID=40\&md5=85fa523edfcd7a6e171a53820be7f230},
	author = {Oliveira, H. and Rangl, M. and Ebner, A. and Mayer, B. and Hinterdorfer, P. and P{\^e}go, A.P.}
}
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},
	month = {2011///},
	abstract = {A composition, structural, morphological and electrochemical study of two titanium nitride (TiN                        x) thin films, sample A and sample B, obtained by dc reactive sputtering on titanium substrates was carried out in this paper. In order to assess their applicability to be used as dry electrodes, several EEG signal acquisition tests were performed using the TiN
                        x electrodes and compared to signals acquired with conventional silver/silver-chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes. The two films displayed some compositional differences, as sample B was over-stoichiometric (x = 1.34, x = N/Ti atomic ratio) and sample A was close-stoichiometric (x = 0.94). XRD diffractograms showed that both samples developed a similar fcc crystalline structure (δ-TiN phase). XRD peak fitting showed that sample B (over-stoichiometric) has a more oriented structure (highly [1 1 1] textured), with larger grains. A columnar-type structure with pyramid-like shape at column{\textquoteright}s top was common to both TiN 
                        x films. This morphology, in addition to some columnar disaggregation, gives rise to a rather rough surface and porous structure. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results in artificial sweat showed that the electric properties of the samples remain unchanged, even after prolonged contact with sweat. The comparison of EEG signals, simultaneously recorded using the novel TiN
                        x electrodes and conventional Ag/AgCl electrodes, showed very similar results. The root mean square deviation, which was computed for different electrode-electrolyte combinations and signal sequences of 5 s, was in the range of 4.5-9.4 νV and 6.7-20.4 νV for samples A and B, respectively. An additional test with two sets of Ag/AgCl electrodes revealed similar results, thus indicating most of the signal differences are related to the spatial distance of the compared electrodes as well as environmental noise. Therefore, our results lead to the conclusion that the novel TiN
                        x electrodes show promising signal quality for application in EEG biosignal measurements. {\textcopyright} 2011 IOP Publishing Ltd.
},
	keywords = {bioelectric, biomedical electrodes, Chlorine compounds, dc magnetron sputtering, Electric properties, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Electrochemical properties, Electrodes, electroencephalography, Electrophysiology, Signal processing, signals, Surface structure, Thin films, Tinning, Titanium, Titanium nitride, titanium nitride thin films},
	isbn = {09570233 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-81555220994\&partnerID=40\&md5=477ac3097f66e1610ed5147be18c5c77},
	author = {Fiedler, P. and Cunha, L.T. and Pedrosa, P. and Brodkorb, S. and Fonseca, C. and Vaz, F. and Haueisen, J.}
}
@conference {2218,
	title = {Novel Ti/TiN dry electrodes and Ag/AgCl: A direct comparison in multichannel EEG},
	booktitle = {IFMBE ProceedingsIFMBE Proc.},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1007/978-3-642-23508-5_263Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Fiedler, P.; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Ilmenau University of Technology, Gustav-Kirchhoff Str. 2, Ilmenau, Germany; email: patrique.fiedler@tu-ilmenau.deReferences: Sander, T.H., Kn{\"o}sche, T.R., Schl{\"u}gl, A., Recent advances in modeling and analysis of bioelectric and biomagnetic sources (2010) Biomed Tech, 55, pp. 65-76;Searle, A., Kirkup, L., A direct comparison of wet, dry and insulating bioelectric recording electrodes (2000) Physiol Meas, 21, pp. 271-283; 
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},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {1011 - 1014},
	abstract = {With up to 256 silver/silver-chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes, research using multichannel electroencephalography (EEG) is nowadays characterized by an increasing number of electrodes. Hence, the preparation gets more and more time-consuming and error-prone. We propose a novel electrode concept based on titanium/titanium nitride (Ti/TiN) electrodes integrated into a novel EEG cap based on fluidicdriven mechanisms. We describe the construction of our electrodes and perform EEG measurements in order to evaluate them in a multichannel setup. Therefore an additional set of conventional Ag/AgCl electrodes was integrated into the Ti/TiN EEG cap, enabling simultaneous recordings with both types of electrodes. In our tests, which included spontaneous EEG like resting state EEG, eye movements, alpha activity, and pattern reversal VEP, we found no considerable differences between compared adjacent electrodes. For the pattern reversal VEP, we found similar potential maps with both types of electrodes. In conclusion, our novel Ti/TiN electrodes have the potential to replace the conventional Ag/AgCl electrodes. {\textcopyright} 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.},
	keywords = {Ag/AgCl, Alpha activities, Biomedical Electrode, biomedical electrodes, Chlorine compounds, Concept-based, Dry electrode, EEG Cap, Electric Potential, Electrodes, electroencephalography, Electrophysiology, Error prones, Eye movements, Multi-channel, Multichannel EEG, Nitrides, Potential map, Resting state, Silicone Fluidic- Driven Mechanism, Silicones, Simultaneous recording},
	isbn = {16800737 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80455140495\&partnerID=40\&md5=df0015d2c45b9723f647eb3db91f092a},
	author = {Fiedler, P. and Griebel, S. and Fonseca, C. and Vaz, F. and Zentner, L. and Zanow, F. and Haueisen, J.}
}
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},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {760 - 773},
	abstract = {NK cell activation is regulated by a balance between activating and inhibitory signals. To address the question of how these signals are spatially integrated, we created a computer simulation of activating and inhibitory NK cell immunological synapse (NKIS) assembly, implementing either a "quantity-based" inhibition model or a "distance-based" inhibition model. The simulations mimicked the observed molecule distributions in inhibitory and activating NKIS and yielded several new insights. First, the total signal is highly influenced by activating complex dissociation rates but not by adhesion and inhibitory complex dissociation rates. Second, concerted motion of receptors in clusters significantly accelerates NKIS maturation. Third, when the potential of a cis interaction between Ly49 receptors and MHC class I on murine NK cells was added to the model, the integrated signal as a function of receptor and ligand numbers was only slightly increased, at least up to the level of 50\% cis-bound Ly49 receptors reached in the model. Fourth, and perhaps most importantly, the integrated signal behavior obtained when using the distance-based inhibition signal model was closer to the experimentally observed behavior, with an inhibition radius of the order 3-10 molecules. Microscopy to visualize Vav activation in NK cells on micropatterned surfaces of activating and inhibitory strips revealed that Vav is only locally activated where activating receptors are ligated within a single NK cell contact. Taken together, these data are consistent with a model in which inhibitory receptors act locally; that is, that every bound inhibitory receptor acts on activating receptors within a certain radius around it. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2011 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.},
	keywords = {animal cell, animal experiment, Animals, antigen recognition, article, cell maturation, cell membrane, Computer simulation, controlled study, dissociation, H-2 Antigens, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, HLA antigen, HLA C antigen, Humans, immunological synapse, Immunological Synapses, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor 2DL1, Killer Cells, Natural, lymphocyte activation, lymphocyte function associated antigen 1, Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1, major histocompatibility antigen class 1, Membrane Microdomains, Mice, Models, Immunological, mouse, natural killer cell, natural killer cell receptor NKG2D, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K, nonhuman, priority journal, protein assembly, Receptors, KIR, signal transduction, steady state, Vav protein},
	isbn = {00221767 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79960517468\&partnerID=40\&md5=71d9c497ce196d28399f8205f992b389},
	author = {Kaplan, A. and Kotzer, S. and Almeida, C.R. and Kohen, R. and Halpert, G. and Salmon-Divon, M. and K{\"o}hler, K. and H{\"o}glund, P. and Davis, D.M. and Mehr, R.}
}
@article {2260,
	title = {Analysis of heart rate variability in a rat model of induced pulmonary hypertension},
	journal = {Medical Engineering and PhysicsMed. Eng. Phys.},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: MEPHEdoi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.04.018PubMed ID: 20547091Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Gon{\c c}alves, H.; Departamento de Geoci{\^e}ncias, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Territ{\'o}rio, Faculdade de Ci{\^e}ncias, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; email: hernani.goncalves@fc.up.ptChemicals/CAS: monocrotaline, 315-22-0, 8051-27-2; Ketamine, 6740-88-1; Monocrotaline, 315-22-0References: (2005), ACOG, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician-Gynecologists, Number 70, December 2005. Obstet Gynecol 106(6):1453-60Akhavein, F., St.-Michel, E.J., Seifert, E., Rohlicek, C.V., Decreased left ventricular function, myocarditis, and coronary arteriolar medial thickening following monocrotaline administration in adult rats (2007) J Appl Physiol, 103 (1), pp. 287-295;Beckers, F., Verheyden, B., Aubert, A.E., Aging and nonlinear heart rate control in a healthy population (2006) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 290 (6), pp. H2560-H2570; 
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {746 - 752},
	abstract = {Monocrotaline (MCT) is commonly used to experimentally induce pulmonary hypertension (PH), which might lead to chronic heart failure. In this study, linear and non-linear heart rate (HR) dynamics were weekly assessed in MCT-treated and non-treated Wistar rats.The HR of 10 adult Wistar rats injected with MCT (MCT group) and of 10 similar rats injected with vehicle (non-MCT group), anesthetized with Ketamine, was weekly recorded during 4 weeks. The first four segments of 1-min length of each HR recording were analysed using linear, time and frequency domains, and approximate (ApEn) and sample (SampEn) entropy indices, considering recently proposed values for the threshold parameter of ApEn and SampEn. Statistical analysis was performed using 95\% confidence intervals and statistical tests.Along the study period, an overall weekly maintenance of HR indices, or a decrease, namely in weeks 1-2, was manifest, in the MCT group, except for LF and LF/HF, in week 1, denoting a short-term increase in sympathetic activity without any other changes. On the other hand, a maintenance of HR indices, or an increase, namely on week 4, was observed in the non-MCT group, except for LF/HF, denoting a long-term increase of the overall activity of HR control systems, with a parasympathetic like dominance.Studies on long-term HR dynamics should be performed in very carefully controlled experimental settings, as significant weekly changes may occur, both among anesthetized MCT-treated and non-treated rats. {\textcopyright} 2010 IPEM.},
	keywords = {adrenergic activity, Amines, animal experiment, animal model, Animals, article, cholinergic activity, Chronic heart failures, Confidence interval, controlled study, Disease Models, Animal, Electrocardiography, entropy, Female, Frequency domain analysis, Frequency domains, Heart, heart electrophysiology, Heart rate, Heart rate variability, Heart rate variability (HRV), Heart rates, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Injections, Subcutaneous, Ketamine, Maintenance, Monocrotaline, Non-linear, nonhuman, priority journal, Pulmonary hypertension, rat, Rat model, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Statistical analysis, statistical parameters, Sympathetic activities, Threshold parameters, Time and frequency domain analysis, Time domain analysis, Time Factors, Wistar rat, Wistar rats},
	isbn = {13504533 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77955279673\&partnerID=40\&md5=5fa2879d821f37e48f50a723fa1cb225},
	author = {Gon{\c c}alves, H. and Henriques-Coelho, T. and Bernardes, J. and Rocha, A.P. and Brand{\~a}o-Nogueira, A. and Leite-Moreira, A.}
}
@article {2250,
	title = {Chitosan/siRNA nanoparticles biofunctionalize nerve implants and enable neurite outgrowth},
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {3933 - 3939},
	abstract = {Microstructured 20 μm thick polymer filaments used as nerve implants were loaded with chitosan/siRNA nanoparticles to promote nerve regeneration and ensure local delivery of nanotherapeutics. The stable nanoparticles were rapidly internalized by cells and did not affect cell viability. Target mRNA was successfully reduced by 65-75\% and neurite outgrowth was enhanced even in an inhibitory environment. This work, thus, supports the application of nanobiofunctionalized implants as a novel approach for spinal cord and nerve repair. {\textcopyright} 2010 American Chemical Society.},
	keywords = {animal, Animals, article, Cell Line, cell viability, chemistry, Chitin, chitosan, cytology, Drug delivery, genetic transfection, genetics, Local delivery, metabolism, Microstructured, nanobiofunctionalized implants, nanoparticle, nanoparticles, nerve cell, nerve regeneration, Nerve repair, neurite, Neurite outgrowth, Neurites, Neurons, Polymer filaments, Prostheses and Implants, prostheses and orthoses, rhoA GTP-Binding Protein, RhoA guanine nucleotide binding protein, RNA, RNA, Small Interfering, siRNA, small interfering RNA, Spinal cords, Transfection, ultrastructure},
	isbn = {15306984 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77958033530\&partnerID=40\&md5=6862e82e01c3aedf5423ebb14248c6ec},
	author = {Mittnacht, U. and Hartmann, H. and Hein, S. and Oliveira, H. and Dong, M. and P{\^e}go, A.P. and Kjems, J. and Howard, K.A. and Schlosshauer, B.}
}
@article {2247,
	title = {De novo expression of CD44 variants in sporadic and hereditary gastric cancer},
	journal = {Laboratory InvestigationLab. Invest.},
	volume = {90},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 6Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: LAINAdoi: 10.1038/labinvest.2010.155PubMed ID: 20856229Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Da Cunha, C. B.; IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; email: rseruca@ipatimup.ptChemicals/CAS: uvomorulin, 112956-45-3; Antigens, CD44; CD44 protein, human; CD44v6 antigen; Cadherins; RNA, MessengerReferences: Aruffo, A., Stamenkovic, I., Melnick, M., CD44 is the principal cell surface receptor for hyaluronate (1990) Cell, 61, pp. 1303-1313;Screaton, G.R., Bell, M.V., Jackson, D.G., Genomic structure of DNA encoding the lymphocyte homing receptor CD44 reveals at least 12 alternatively spliced exons (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 89, pp. 12160-12164; 
Ponta, H., Wainwright, D., Herrlich, P., Molecules in focus the CD44 protein family (1998) Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 30, pp. 299-305; 
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Shtivelman, E., Bishop, J.M., Expression of CD44 is repressed in neuroblastoma cells (1991) Mol Cell Biol, 11, pp. 5446-5453; 
De Marzo, A.M., Bradshaw, C., Sauvageot, J., CD44 and CD44v6 downregulation in clinical prostatic carcinoma: Relation to Gleason grade and cytoarchitecture (1998) Prostate, 34, pp. 162-168; 
Joensuu, H., Klemi, P.J., Toikkanen, S., Glycoprotein CD44 expression and its association with survival in breast cancer (1993) Am J Pathol, 143, pp. 867-874; 
Friedrichs, K., Kugler, G., Franke, F., CD44 isoforms in prognosis of breast cancer (1995) Lancet, 345, p. 1237; 
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Oliveira, C., Senz, J., Kaurah, P., Germline CDH1 deletions in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer families (2009) Hum Mol Genet, 18, pp. 1545-1555; 
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {1604 - 1614},
	abstract = {CD44 is the major ubiquitously expressed cell surface receptor for hyaluronate. The CD44 gene encodes several protein isoforms due to extensive alternative splicing and post-translational modifications. Some of these CD44 variable isoforms have been foreseen as key players in malignant transformation and their expression is highly restricted and highly specific, unlike the canonical CD44 standard isoform. In this study, we aimed at dissecting the mRNA splicing pattern of CD44 in normal stomach and gastric cancer (GC) cell lines (n9) using cloning and quantitative mRNA amplification assays. Moreover, we assessed the RNA levels and protein expression pattern of relevant splicing forms in distinct premalignant and malignant gastric lesions (sporadic (n43) and hereditary (n3) forms) using real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. We also explored the association of CD44 and E-cadherin expression by immunohistochemistry, as E-cadherin has a pivotal functional role in GC. We established the pattern of CD44 variant forms in normal stomach and gastric malignancy. We observed that although exon v6-containing isoforms were rarely expressed in normal gastric mucosa, they became increasingly expressed both in gastric premalignant (hyperplastic polyps, complete and incomplete intestinal metaplasia, low- and high-grade dysplasia) and malignant lesions (cell lines derived from GCs, primary sporadic GCs and hereditary diffuse GCs (HDGCs)). Moreover, we verified that whenever E-cadherin expression was absent, exon v6-containing CD44 isoforms were overexpressed. The lack of expression of CD44 isoforms containing exon v6 in the surface and foveolar epithelia of normal stomach and, its de novo expression in premalignant, as well as in sporadic and hereditary malignant lesions of the stomach, pinpoint CD44 v6-containg isoforms as potential biomarkers for early transformation of the gastric mucosa. Further, our results raise the hypothesis of using CD44v6 as a marker of early invasive intramucosal carcinoma in HDGC CDH1 mutation carriers that lack CDH1 expression in their tumors. {\textcopyright} 2010 USCAP, Inc All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Alternative Splicing, Antigens, CD44, article, Cadherins, CD44, CD44v6, CD44v6 antigen, CD44v7 antigen, Cell Line, Tumor, clinical article, controlled study, E-cadherin, familial cancer, Gastric Mucosa, Germ-Line Mutation, HDGC, Hermes antigen, human, human tissue, Humans, immunohistochemistry, intestine metaplasia, messenger RNA, Neoplasm Metastasis, priority journal, protein expression, real time polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, RNA splicing, RNA, Messenger, splicing, sporadic GC, stomach, stomach cancer, stomach mucosa, Stomach Neoplasms, stomach polyp, tumor marker, unclassified drug, uvomorulin},
	isbn = {00236837 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78049336816\&partnerID=40\&md5=54af5eaf06d939334ff22d68de54abba},
	author = {Da Cunha, C.B. and Oliveira, C. and Wen, X. and Gomes, B. and Sousa, S. and Suriano, G. and Grellier, M. and Huntsman, D.G. and Carneiro, F. and Granja, P.L. and Seruca, R.}
}
@article {2243,
	title = {Early spreading and propagation of human bone marrow stem cells on isotropic and anisotropic topographies of silica thin films produced via microstamping},
	journal = {Microscopy and MicroanalysisMicrosc. Microanal.},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2010},
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {670 - 676},
	abstract = {While there has been rapid development of microfabrication techniques to produce high-resolution surface modifications on a variety of materials in the last decade, there is still a strong need to produce novel alternatives to induce guided tissue regeneration on dental implants. High-resolution microscopy provides qualitative and quantitative techniques to study cellular guidance in the first stages of cell-material interactions. The purposes of this work were (1) to produce and characterize the surface topography of isotropic and anisotropic microfabricated silica thin films obtained by sol-gel processing, and (2) to compare the in vitro biological behavior of human bone marrow stem cells on these surfaces at early stages of adhesion and propagation. The results confirmed that a microstamping technique can be used to produce isotropic and anisotropic micropatterned silica coatings. Atomic force microscopy analysis was an adequate methodology to study in the same specimen the sintering derived contraction of the microfabricated coatings, using images obtained before and after thermal cycle. Hard micropatterned coatings induced a modulation in the early and late adhesion stages of cell-material and cell-cell interactions in a geometry-dependent manner (i.e., isotropic versus anisotropic), as it was clearly determined, using scanning electron and fluorescence microscopies. {\textcopyright} Microscopy Society of America 2010.},
	keywords = {AFM, Atomic force microscopy, audiovisual equipment, cell adhesion and proliferation, Cell Culture Techniques, cell proliferation, conference paper, culture technique, cytology, Fluorescence microscopy, Guided tissue regeneration, human, Humans, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Microscopy, Fluorescence, microstamping, Motion Pictures as Topic, myeloid progenitor cell, Myeloid Progenitor Cells, Scanning electron microscopy, SEM, silica sol-gel films, silicon dioxide, Soft lithography, Surface Properties, surface property, Tissue regeneration, tissue scaffold, Tissue Scaffolds},
	isbn = {14319276 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79451471917\&partnerID=40\&md5=c68d4037bb3535a092d46c2602a8b4bd},
	author = {Pelaez-Vargas, A. and Gallego-Perez, D. and Ferrell, N. and Fernandes, M.H. and Hansford, D. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@conference {2251,
	title = {Novel TiN-based dry EEG electrodes: Influence of electrode shape and number on contact impedance and signal quality},
	booktitle = {IFMBE ProceedingsIFMBE Proc.},
	series = {12th Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, MEDICON 2010},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Conference code: 81753Cited By (since 1996): 2Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1007/978-3-642-13039-7_105Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Fiedler, P.; Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Ilmenau University of Technology, Gustav-Kirchhoff Str. 2, Ilmenau, Germany; email: patrique.fiedler@tu-ilmenau.deReferences: Taheri, B.A., Knight, R.T., Smith, R.L., A dry electrode for EEG recording (1994) Electroen Clin Neuro, 90, pp. 376-383;Searle, A., Kirkup, L., A direct comparison of wet, dry and insulating bioelectric recording electrodes (2000) Physiol Meas, 21, pp. 271-283; 
Ng, W.C., Seet, H.L., Lee, K.S., Micro-spike EEG electrode and vacuum-casting technology for mass production (2009) J Mater Process Tech, 209, pp. 4434-4438; 
Vaz, F., Ferreira, J., Ribeiro, E., Influence of nitrogen content on the structural, mechanical and electrical properties of TiN thin films (2005) Surf Coat Tech, 191, pp. 317-323; 
Cunha, L.T., Pedrosa, P., Tavares, C.J., The role of composition, morphology and crystalline structure in the electrochemical behavior of TiNx thin films for dry electrode sensor materials (2009) Electro-Chim Acta, 55, pp. 59-67; 
Jasper, H.H., The ten-twenty electrode system of the international federation (1958) Electroen Clin Neuro, 10, pp. 371-375; 
Haueisen, J., Leistritz, L., S{\"u}sse, T., Identifying mutual information transfer in the brain with diffenential-algebraic modeling: Evidence for fast oscillatory coupling between cortical somatosensory areas 3b and 1 (2007) NeuroImage, 37, pp. 130-136; 
Graichen, U., Witte, H., Haueisen, J., Analysis of induced components in electroencephalograms using a multiple correlation method (2009) BioMed Eng OnLine, 8, p. 21
},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {418 - 421},
	address = {Chalkidiki},
	abstract = {Usability of conventional wet electrodes for electroencephalography (EEG) is depending on a set of requirements, including time consuming and complex preparation of the skin of a subject, thus limiting possible application. A new class of "dry" electrodes without the need for electrolyte gels or pastes is being investigated. The dry application scenario of these novel electrodes requires a stable and reliable contact with the subject{\textquoteright}s skin. In order to develop an electrode shape with large contact surface for low electrode-skin impedance while also ensuring a sufficient hair layer penetration, several studies were performed. In this paper a distinct titanium electrode substrate shape for titanium nitride (TiN) coated electrodes was analyzed regarding influences of the number of interconnected electrodes and contact surface on electrodeskin impedance and biosignal quality. As a result 10 interconnected TiN pins had the lowest impedance values of 14 to 55 kΩ (depending on signal frequency) in comparison to 2 to 44 kΩ using conventional Ag/AgCl electrodes. Also the mean average deviation (MAD) of 5 seconds long EEG episodes were computed. The lowest MADs of 2.00 to 2.25 μV were determined using three interconnected TiN pins. In comparison to MADs of 2.13 to 2.54 μV, using a second set of Ag/AgCl electrodes, this leads to the conclusion that most of the error was related to spatial distance. This first step in optimization of electrode shape for dry TiN based electrodes showed very promising results and enable their use for EEG acquisition. {\textcopyright} 2010 International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering.},
	keywords = {Ag/AgCl, Application scenario, Average deviation, Biochemical engineering, Bioelectric phenomena, bioelectric signals, biomedical electrodes, Biosignals, Coated electrodes, Coated wire electrodes, Contact impedance, Contact surface, electrochemical characterization, Electrochemical characterizations, Electrode shape, Electrode-skin impedance, Electrodes, electroencephalography, Electrophysiology, Medical computing, Signal frequencies, Signal quality, Spatial distance, Titanium, Titanium electrodes, Titanium nitride},
	isbn = {16800737 (ISSN); 9783642130380 (ISBN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957573144\&partnerID=40\&md5=faee85fb614e1ce7ac4960fb98e1b8e1},
	author = {Fiedler, P. and Brodkorb, S. and Fonseca, C. and Vaz, F. and Zanow, F. and Haueisen, J.}
}
@article {2254,
	title = {Protein matrices for improved wound healing: Elastase inhibition by a synthetic peptide model},
	journal = {BiomacromoleculesBiomacromolecules},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 3Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BOMAFdoi: 10.1021/bm100537bPubMed ID: 20690591Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Vasconcelos, A.; Universidade Do Minho, Departamento de Engenharia T{\^e}xtil, Campus de Azur{\'e}m, 4800-058 Guimar{\~a}es, Portugal; email: andreiav@det.uminho.ptChemicals/CAS: Bowman Birk inhibitor, 37330-34-0; Fibroins, 9007-76-5; Keratins, 68238-35-7; Pancreatic Elastase, 3.4.21.36; Peptide Fragments; Trypsin Inhibitor, Bowman-Birk Soybean; Trypsin Inhibitors; fibroin, silkwormReferences: Boateng, J.S., Matthews, K.H., Stevens, H.N.E., Eccleston, G.M., Wound healing dressings and drug delivery systems: A review (2008) J. Pharm. Sci., 97, pp. 2892-2923;Rothe, M., Falanga, V., Growth factors: Their biology and promise in dermatologic diseases and tissue repair (1989) AMA Arch. Dermatol., 125, pp. 1390-1398; 
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McBride, J.D., Leatherbarrow, R.J., Synthetic peptide mimics of the Bowman-Birk inhibitor protein (2001) Curr. Med. Chem., 8, pp. 909-917; 
Jeffrey, D.M., Emma, M.W., Arnd, B.E.B., Agn{\`e}s, M.J., Robin, J.L., Peptide mimics of the Bowman-Birk inhibitor reactive site loop (2002) Pept. Sci., 66, pp. 79-92; 
Vasconcelos, A., Freddi, G., Cavaco-Paulo, A., Biodegradable materials based on silk fibroin and keratin (2008) Biomacromolecules, 9, pp. 1299-1305; 
Ritger, P.L., Peppas, N.A., A simple equation for description of solute release II. Fickian and anomalous release from swellable devices (1987) J. Controlled Release, 5, pp. 37-42; 
Tanaka, H., Shimazu, T., Sugimoto, H., Yoshioka, T., Sugimoto, T., A sensitive and specific assay for granulocyte elastase in inflammatory tissue fluid using l-pyroglutamyl-l-prolyl-l-valine-p-nitroanilide (1990) Clin. Chim. Acta, 187, pp. 173-180; 
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Roh, D.-H., Kang, S.-Y., Kim, J.-Y., Kwon, Y.-B., Young Kweon, H., Lee, K.-G., Park, Y.-H., Lee, J.-H., Wound healing effect of silk fibroin/alginate-blended sponge in full thickness skin defect of rat (2006) J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med., 17, pp. 547-552; 
Lu, S., Wang, X., Lu, Q., Hu, X., Uppal, N., Omenetto, F.G., Kaplan, D.L., Stabilization of Enzymes in Silk Films (2009) Biomacromolecules, 10, pp. 1032-1042; 
Hofmann, S., Wong Po Foo, C.T., Rossetti, F., Textor, M., Vunjak-Novakovic, G., Kaplan, D.L., Merkle, H.P., Meinel, L., Silk fibroin as an organic polymer for controlled drug delivery (2006) J. Controlled Release, 111, pp. 219-227; 
Numata, K., Cebe, P., Kaplan, D.L., Mechanism of enzymatic degradation of beta-sheet crystals (2010) Biomaterials, 31, pp. 2926-2933; 
Shudong, W., Youzhu, Z., Guibo, Y., Hongwei, W., Zhihui, D., Electrospun polylactide/silk fibroin-gelatin composite tubular scaffolds for small-diameter tissue engineering blood vessels (2009) J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 113, pp. 2675-2682; 
Motta, A., Migliaresi, C., Faccioni, F., Torricelli, P., Fini, M., Giardino, R., Fibroin hydrogels for biomedical applications: Preparation, characterization and in vitro cell culture studies (2004) J. Biomater. Sci., Polym. Ed., 15, p. 851; 
Bondar, B., Fuchs, S., Motta, A., Migliaresi, C., Kirkpatrick, C.J., Functionality of endothelial cells on silk fibroin nets: Comparative study of micro-and nanometric fibre size (2008) Biomaterials, 29, pp. 561-572; 
Fuchs, S., Motta, A., Migliaresi, C., Kirkpatrick, C.J., Outgrowth endothelial cells isolated and expanded from human peripheral blood progenitor cells as a potential source of autologous cells for endothelialization of silk fibroin biomaterials (2006) Biomaterials, 27, pp. 5399-5408; 
Unger, R.E., Wolf, M., Peters, K., Motta, A., Migliaresi, C., James Kirkpatrick, C., Growth of human cells on a non-woven silk fibroin net: A potential for use in tissue engineering (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 1069-1075; 
Huang, Y., Yu, H., Xiao, C., PH-sensitive cationic guar gum/poly(acrylic acid) polyelectrolyte hydrogels: Swelling and in vitro drug release (2007) Carbohydr. Polym., 69, pp. 774-783; 
Edwards, J.V., Alvin, F.B., Sarah, B., Abul, J.U., Kelman, C.I., Robert, F.D., Steven, J.M., Inhibition of elastase by a synthetic cotton-bound serine protease inhibitor: In vitro kinetics and inhibitor release (1999) Wound Repair Regener., 7, pp. 106-118; 
Schneider, A., Wang, X.Y., Kaplan, D.L., Garlick, J.A., Egles, C., Biofunctionalized electrospun silk mats as a topical bioactive dressing for accelerated wound healing (2009) Acta Biomater., 5, pp. 2570-2578; 
Gariani, T., McBride, J.D., Leatherbarrow, R.J., The role of the P2' position of Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor in the inhibition of trypsin: Studies on P2' variation in cyclic peptides encompassing the reactive site loop (1999) Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Protein Struct. Mol. Enzymol., 1431, pp. 232-237; 
Zablotna, E., Kazmierczak, K., Jaskiewicz, A., Stawikowski, M., Kupryszewski, G., Rolka, K., Chemical synthesis and kinetic study of the smallest naturally occurring trypsin inhibitor SFTI-1 isolated from sunflower seeds and its analogues (2002) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 292, pp. 855-859
},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {2213 - 2220},
	abstract = {The unique properties of silk fibroin were combined with keratin to develop new wound-dressing materials. Silk fibroin/keratin (SF/K) films were prepared to reduce high levels of elastase found on chronic wounds. This improved biological function was achieved by the incorporation of a small peptide synthesized based on the reactive-site loop of the Bowman-Birk Inhibitor (BBI) protein. In vitro degradation and release were evaluated using porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) solution as a model of wound exudate. It was found that biological degradation and release rate are highly dependent on film composition. Furthermore, the level of PPE activity can be tuned by changing the film composition, thus showing an innovative way of controlling the elastase-antielastase imbalance found on chronic wounds. {\textcopyright} 2010 American Chemical Society.},
	keywords = {animal cell, Animals, article, Atomic force microscopy, Biodegradation, Biological degradation, Biological functions, biomaterial, Bombyx, Bowman Birk inhibitor, Bowman-Birk inhibitors, cell proliferation, Chronic wounds, controlled study, Cytotoxicity test, Degradation, Elastase, elastase inhibitor, enzyme activity, Enzyme inhibition, Fibroins, Film composition, In-vitro, keratin, Keratins, mass spectrometry, materials testing, Mice, Microscopy, Atomic Force, NIH 3T3 Cells, nonhuman, pancreatic elastase, Peptide Fragments, Peptides, priority journal, protein binding, Protein matrices, Release rate, Silk, Silk fibroin, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Sus, Swine, Synthetic peptide, Trypsin Inhibitor, Bowman-Birk Soybean, Trypsin Inhibitors, wound fluid, Wound healing},
	isbn = {15257797 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77956552375\&partnerID=40\&md5=7d7dc9145b9655d9ba0461eb7a85d118},
	author = {Vasconcelos, A. and P{\^e}go, A.P. and Henriques, L. and Lamghari, M. and Cavaco-Paulo, A.}
}
@article {2322,
	title = {Cancer cell angiogenic capability is regulated by 3D culture and integrin engagement},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.},
	volume = {106},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 48Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: PNASAdoi: 10.1073/pnas.0808932106PubMed ID: 19126683Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Mooney, D. J.; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 40 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; email: mooneyd@seas.harvard.eduChemicals/CAS: arginylglycylaspartic acid, 99896-85-2; interleukin 8, 114308-91-7; vasculotropin, 127464-60-2; Hydrogels; Integrins; Interleukin-8; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor AReferences: Debnath, J., Brugge, J.S., Modelling glandular epithelial cancers in 3-dimensional cultures (2005) Nat Rev Cancer, 5, pp. 675-688;Wang, F., Reciprocal interactions between β1-integrin and epidermal growth factor receptor in 3-dimensional basement membrane breast cultures: A different perspective in epithelial biology (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95, pp. 14821-14826; 
Fischbach, C., Engineering tumors with 3D scaffolds (2007) Nat Methods, 4, pp. 855-860; 
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Hanahan, D., Weinberg, R.A., The hallmarks of cancer (2000) Cell, 100, pp. 57-70; 
De, S., VEGF-integrin interplay controls tumor growth and vascularization (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 102, pp. 7589-7594; 
Lowrie, A.G., Salter, D.M., Ross, J.A., Latent effects of fibronectin, α5β1 integrin, αvβ5 integrin, and the cytoskeleton regulate pancreatic carcinoma cell IL-8 secretion (2004) Br J Cancer, 91, pp. 1327-1334; 
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Lingen, M.W., Angiogenesis in the development of head and neck cancer and its inhibition by chemopreventive agents (1999) Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 10, pp. 153-164; 
Fischbach, C., Mooney, D., Polymeric systems for bioinspired delivery of angiogenic molecules (2006) Adv Polym Sci, 203, pp. 191-221; 
Ruoslahti, E., Pierschbacher, M.D., New perspectives in cell adhesion: RGD and integrins (1987) Science, 238, pp. 491-497; 
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Richardson, T.P., Peters, M.C., Ennett, A.B., Mooney, D.J., Polymeric system for dual growth factor delivery (2001) Nat Biotechnol, 19, pp. 1029-1034
},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {399 - 404},
	abstract = {Three-dimensional culture alters cancer cell signaling; however, the underlying mechanisms and importance of these changes on tumor vascularization remain unclear. A hydrogel system was used to examine the role of the transition from 2D to 3D culture, with and without integrin engagement, on cancer cell angiogenic capability. Three-dimensional culture recreated tumor microenvironmental cues and led to enhanced interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion that depended on integrin engagement with adhesion peptides coupled to the polymer. In contrast, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion was unaffected by 3D culture with or without substrate adhesion. IL-8 diffused greater distances and was present in higher concentrations in the systemic circulation, relative to VEGF. Implantation of a polymeric IL-8 delivery system into GFP bone marrow-transplanted mice revealed that localized IL-8 up-regulation was critical to both the local and systemic control of tumor vascularization in vivo. In summary, 3D integrin engagement within tumor microenvironments regulates cancer cell angiogenic signaling, and controlled local and systemic blockade of both IL-8 and VEGF signaling may improve antiangiogenic therapies. {\textcopyright} 2009 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.},
	keywords = {animal experiment, animal model, Animals, arginylglycylaspartic acid, article, bone marrow transplantation, cancer cell, cancer cell culture, Cell Culture Techniques, concentration (parameters), controlled study, cytokine release, Diffusion, Drug delivery, ECM, Humans, hydrogel, Hydrogels, IL-8, implantation, in vivo study, integrin, Integrins, interleukin 8, Interleukin-8, Mice, microenvironment, Models, Biological, mouse, Mus, Neoplasms, Neovascularization, Pathologic, nonhuman, polymer, priority journal, signal transduction, systemic circulation, Tumor vascularization, upregulation, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, vasculotropin},
	isbn = {00278424 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-58849121351\&partnerID=40\&md5=acc07042d6f5801f7b704a3f355917cf},
	author = {Fischbach, C. and Hyun, J.K. and Hsiong, S.X. and Evangelista, M.B. and Yuen, W. and Mooney, D.J.}
}
@book {2319,
	title = {Cellular alignment induction during early in vitro culture stages using micropatterned glass coatings produced by sol-gel process},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {396-398},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 2Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAEdoi: 10.4028/0-87849-353-0.303Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Pelaez-Vargas, A.; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Divis{\~a}o de Biomateriais, Universidade do PortoPortugal; email: alejopv@ineb.up.ptReferences: Warashina, H., Sakano, S., Kitamura, S., Yamauchi, K.I., (2003) Biomaterials, 24, pp. 3655-3661;Scarano, A., Piattelli, M., Caputi, S., Favero, G.A., Piattelli, A., (2004) J Periodontol, 75, pp. 292-296; 
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},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {303 - 306},
	abstract = {Cell behaviour such as adhesion, morphology, proliferation and functional activity are highly influenced by surface properties including hydrophobicity, roughness, texture and morphology. These surface properties may be controlled using a mixture of additive coating techniques to produce glass coatings by sol-gel process and soft lithography on dental ceramics. The purpose of this work was to compare cell adhesion and early orientation of Human Bone Marrow (HBM) cells cultured on micro-patterned (micro-PGC) and on flat glass coatings (FGC) produced by sol-gel processing. Spin coating was used to apply SiO                        2 flat coatings on glass substrates as model surfaces. Photolithography was applied to produce master patterns with microscale dimensions. A moulding technique was used to print micropatterned SiO 
                        2 glass coatings produced by a sol-gel process. The coatings were then sintered, sterilized and cultured with HBM cells derived from primary cultures, using a standardized protocol, for 1 and 7 days. Cell morphology and orientation were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Flat and MPGC with line shaped features were produced. Cells presented a typical osteoblastic morphology on flat surfaces while slimmer, preferentially oriented and more elongated morphologies could be seen on line micro-patterned surfaces. HBM cells cultured on flat glass coatings showed increased tendency to spread and to assume more randomized proliferation when compared to the cells on the micro-patterned glass coatings. Micro-patterned glass coatings showed higher orientation control and smaller delay in the rate of proliferation, in early stages of in vitro culture as compared to flat coatings. These preliminary studies revealed that Micro-PGC induce significant morphological changes and controlled orientation of HBM cells during early stages of cell proliferation.
},
	keywords = {Adhesion, cell adhesion, Cell behaviours, Cell culture, Cell morphologies, cell proliferation, Cells, Coatings, Colloids, Confocal laser scanning microscopies, confocal microscopy, Contact guidance, Controlled orientations, cytology, Dental ceramics, Dental Materials, Flat glass, Flat surfaces, Functional activities, Gelation, Gels, glass, Glass ceramics, Glass coatings, Glass substrates, In-vitro, Micro-patterned, Micro-patterned surfaces, Micro-scale, Micromachining, Micropatterning, Model surfaces, Morphological changes, morphology, Nanostructured materials, Orientation controls, Primary cultures, Scanning, Scanning electron microscopy, Scanning electrons, SEM, Silicon compounds, Soft lithographies, Sol-gel, Sol-gel process, Sol-gel processing, Sol-gels, Sols, Surface Properties, Thermal spraying, Trace analysis},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-58849141765\&partnerID=40\&md5=7a4c975e741442308a8db69108047673},
	author = {Pelaez-Vargas, A. and Ferrell, N. and Fernandes, M.H. and Hansford, D.J. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@article {2303,
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},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {908 - 916},
	abstract = {Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has recently emerged as a potential regulator of bone homeostasis. However, the relevance of NPY{\textquoteright}s role in osteoblast activity and the biological functions involving NPY receptors in bone homeostasis remain to be clarified. Here we report that chronically elevated NPY levels leaded to a modulation of the level of Y2 receptor expression marked with a transient down and upregulation according to the stage of osteoblast differentiation. We also show that NPY is a negative regulator of Y1 receptor expression. The pharmalogical activation of Y2 receptor with its agonist resulted in similar effect. Functional analysis also revealed the osteogenic potential of NPY with osteoblast phenotype markers being significantly enhanced in osteoprogenitor cells stimulated by NPY, probably due to the down-regulation of Y1 receptor. In contrasts, these cells exhibit a reduction in calcium deposition in extracellular matrix most likely mediated via Y2 receptor signalling. Furthermore, we show that NPY modulates receptor activator of nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) (RANK) ligand and osteoprotegerin, two key factors regulating bone remodelling. Specifically, NPY inhibits the transcriptional activity of RANKL promoter in osteoprogenitor cells and enhances OPG expression in osteoblasts at early stages of differentiation. However, NPY effect on OPG seemed to be unrelated to Y2 receptor activation. Taken together the present data supported the contribution of NPY pathway in bone homeostasis via a direct action on osteoblasts cells. {\textcopyright} 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, animal cell, animal tissue, Animals, article, Bone, Bone Marrow Cells, bone remodeling, Calcium, cell activity, cell differentiation, cell function, Cell Line, cell stimulation, controlled study, down regulation, extracellular matrix, gene expression regulation, genetic transcription, Homeostasis, immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein, in vitro study, Mice, neuropeptide Y, neuropeptide Y1 receptor, neuropeptide Y2 receptor, nonhuman, NPY, nuclear factor Y, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, osteoclast differentiation factor, Osteoprotegerin, phenotype, priority journal, promoter region, protein expression, RANK Ligand, Receptors, Neuropeptide Y, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, signal transduction, stem cell, Stromal Cells, upregulation, Y1 receptor, Y2 receptor},
	isbn = {07302312 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-67749108153\&partnerID=40\&md5=3fac97e90b88592291766e499000ae54},
	author = {Teixeira, L. and Sousa, D.M. and Nunes, A.F. and Sousa, M.M. and Herzog, H. and Lamghari, M.}
}
@article {2311,
	title = {NPY signalling pathway in bone homeostasis: Y1 receptor as a potential drug target},
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	year = {2009},
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},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {9 - 19},
	abstract = {Neuropeptide (NPY) is a neurotransmitter widely distributed in central and peripheral nervous system that has been implicated in several physiological processes through activation of five different Y receptors: Y1, Y2, Y4, Y5, and y6. NPY system has been extensively studied for the last decades due to its implications in a wide variety of physiological processes. For this purpose a diversity of sophisticated animal models and receptors agonists and antagonists has been developed to better understand its actions throughout body homeostasis. Consequently, NPY and its receptors have recently emerged as a potential regulator of bone homeostasis. This is supported by the demonstration of an increase of bone mass in mice lacking Y1 or Y2 receptor genes. Recent findings revealed Y1 receptor as a potential drug target candidate for prevention and treatment of bone loss. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that osteoblasts express Y1 receptor while no other Y receptor was detected in these cells, implicating Y1 receptor signalling in the local control of bone turnover. In this review, we have summarized the findings obtained from studies on NPY system in skeletogenesis focusing on Y1 receptor. {\textcopyright} 2009 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.},
	keywords = {1 [1 [3 [(3 piperidyl)]]propyl] 2 [[(4 chlorophenoxyl)methyl]indol 3 yl] 2 (4 piperidylpiperidyl)ethan 1 one, 2 [1 (3 chloro 5 isopropoxycarbonylaminophenyl)ethylamino] 6 [2 (5 ethyl 4 methyl 2 thiazolyl)ethyl] 4 morpholinopyridine, 2 [1 (3 chloro 5 isopropyloxycarbonylaminophenyl)ethylamino] 6 [2 (5 ethyl 4 methyl 1,3 thiazol 2 yl)ethyl] 4 morpholinopyridine, Amino Acid Sequence, animal, Animals, bone development, bone mass, bone remodeling, Bone remodelling, bone turnover, Brain, drug antagonism, drug effect, drug potentiation, drug targeting, genetics, gi 264879a, gr 231118, Homeostasis, human, Humans, ligand, Ligands, ly 357897, metabolism, molecular genetics, Molecular Sequence Data, n alpha [3,3 bis(1 naphthyl)propionyl]dextro arginine n [1 benzyl 2 methoxyethyl]amide, n [1 [4 [[[[4 [(dimethylamino)methyl]cyclohexyl]methyl]amino]iminomethyl]benzyl] 2 oxo 2 (1 pyrrolidinyl)ethyl] alpha [(2 naphthalenylsulfonyl)amino]benzenepropanamide, n2 diphenylacetyl n (4 ureidomethylbenzyl)argininamide, nalpha (diphenylacetyl) n (4 hydroxybenzyl) dextro argininamide, neuropeptide Y, neuropeptide Y receptor, neuropeptide Y receptor agonist, neuropeptide Y receptor antagonist, neuropeptide Y [25 dextro arginine], neuropeptide Y [26 dextro histidine], neuropeptide Y [31 leucine 34 proline], neuropeptide Y [6 arginine 34 proline], neuropeptide Y [7 phenylalanine 34 proline], neuropeptide Y1 receptor, neuropeptide Y2 receptor, neuropeptide Y4 receptor, neuropeptide Y5 receptor, neuropeptide Y6 receptor, nonhuman, osteoblast, osteoclast, osteolysis, peptide YY, peptide YY [31 leucine 34 proline], peptide YY [34 proline], pharmacological blocking, physiology, protein binding, protein expression, protein family, protein isolation, receptor intrinsic activity, Receptors, Neuropeptide Y, review, signal transduction, unclassified drug, Y1 receptor},
	isbn = {13894501 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-63049117952\&partnerID=40\&md5=2e70b182cba78971a24c5a8124b7799b},
	author = {Sousa, D.M. and Herzog, H. and Lamghari, M.}
}
@article {2324,
	title = {Physical, chemical and in vitro biological profile of chitosan hybrid membrane as a function of organosiloxane concentration},
	journal = {Acta BiomaterialiaActa Biomater.},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 10Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.07.022PubMed ID: 18722166Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Hayakawa, S.; Biomaterial Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama-shi, 700-8530, Japan; email: satoshi@cc.okayama-u.ac.jpChemicals/CAS: (3 glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, 2530-83-8; calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5, 13767-12-9, 14358-97-5, 7758-87-4; chitosan, 9012-76-4; silicate, 12627-13-3; Chitosan, 9012-76-4; Cross-Linking Reagents; gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2530-83-8; Silanes; SiloxanesTradenames: AldrichReferences: Lai, J.Y., Lin, F.C., Wang, C.C., Wang, D.M., Effect of nonsolvent additives on the porosity and morphology of asymmetric TPX membranes [J] (1996) J Membrane Sci, 118, pp. 49-61;Wang, D.M., Lin, F.C., Chiang, J.C., Lai, J.Y., Control of porosity of asymmetric TPX membranes [J] (1998) J Membrane Sci, 141, pp. 1-12; 
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},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {346 - 355},
	abstract = {We attempted to prepare chitosan-silicate hybrid for use in a medical application and evaluated the physico-chemical properties and osteocompatibility of the hybrids as a function of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) concentration. Chitosan-silicate hybrids were synthesized using GPTMS as the reagent for cross-linking of the chitosan chains. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,                        29Si CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy and the ninhydrin assay were used to analyze the structures of the hybrids, and stress-strain curves were recorded to estimate their Young{\textquoteright}s modulus. The swelling ability, contact angle and cytocompatibility of the hybrids were investigated as a function of the GPTMS concentration. A certain fraction of GPTMS in each hybrid was linked at the epoxy group to the amino group of chitosan, which was associated with the change in the methoxysilane group of GPTMS due to hybridization. The cross-linking density was around 80\% regardless of the volume of GPTMS. As the content of GPTMS increased, the water uptake decreased and the hydrophilicity of the hybrids increased except when the content exceeded amolar ratio of 1.5, when it caused a decrease. The values of the mechanical parameters assessed indicated that significant stiffening of the hybrids was obtained by the addition of GPTMS. The adhesion and proliferation of the MG63 osteoblast cells cultured on the chitosan-GPTMS hybrid surface were improved compared to those on the chitosan membrane, regardless of the GPTMS concentration. Moreover, human bone marrow osteoblast cells proliferated on the chitosan-GPTMS hybrid surface and formed a fibrillar extracellular matrix with numerous calcium phosphate globular structures, both in the presence and in the absence of dexamethasone. Therefore, the chitosan-GPTMS hybrids are promising candidates for basic materials that can promote bone regeneration because of their controllable composition (chitosan/GPTMS ratio). {\textcopyright} 2008 Acta Materialia Inc.
},
	keywords = {(3 glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, article, assay, Biocompatibility, Bone Marrow Cells, calcium phosphate, cell adhesion, Cell Line, Tumor, cell proliferation, cell survival, cell viability, Chemical analysis, chitosan, concentration (parameters), controlled study, cross linking, Cross-Linking Reagents, extracellular matrix, human, human cell, Humans, hydrophobicity, in vitro study, infrared spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, molecular hybridization, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Organic-inorganic hybrid, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, Osteocompatibility, physical chemistry, priority journal, Silanes, silicate, siloxane, Siloxanes, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, stress strain relationship, structure analysis, surface property, Tissue engineering, unclassified drug, water transport, γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS)},
	isbn = {17427061 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-56649083638\&partnerID=40\&md5=550d9a49b04985f38609e86d9adc5735},
	author = {Shirosaki, Y. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Costa, M.A. and Fernandes, M.H.}
}
@book {2361,
	title = {Biodegradable chitosan-silicate porous hybrids for drug delivery},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {361-363 II},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Shirosaki, Y.; Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr.Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; email: yuki@ineb.up.ptReferences: Tateishi, T., GChen, Ushida, T., (2002) J Artif Organs, 5, p. 77;(2004) Biomaterials science: An introduction to materials in medicine, , edited by B.D.Ratner, A.S. Hoffman, F.J.Schoen, and J.E.Lemons, Elsevier, Academic Press; 
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},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {1219 - 1222},
	abstract = {Porous chitosan-silicate hybrids were prepared by freeze-drying the precursor sol solutions synthesized from chitosan and 3- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Degradability of and the release of cytochrome C in to phosphate buffer saline solution (PBS) were examined as a function of the GPTMS content. The hybrids were less degradable with larger GPTMS contents, and the cytochrome C release profile was so controllable as to give either burst release or slow one due to the GPTMS content. Thus, the present porous chitosan-silicate hybrids were considered applicable to drug delivery systems.},
	keywords = {biodegradability, Buffer saline solution, chitosan, Chitosan silicate hybrid, Chitosan-silicate hybrid, Drug delivery, Porous materials, Proteins, Silicates, Synthesis (chemical)},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-38149045782\&partnerID=40\&md5=520d7fffb6d19fcc96b3fa38036f9bf6},
	author = {Shirosaki, Y. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A.}
}
@article {2364,
	title = {A clinical report of bone regeneration in maxillofacial surgery using bonelike{\textregistered} synthetic bone graft},
	journal = {Journal of Biomaterials ApplicationsJ. Biomater. Appl.},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 6Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JBAPEdoi: 10.1177/0885328207078260Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: jdsantos@fe.up.ptChemicals/CAS: Bone SubstitutesReferences: Mohamed, A., Sudha, K., Kim, F., Karl, K., Scott, P.B., Bone Graft Substitutes (2003) Cell Based Approaches for Bone Graft Substitutes, p. 127. , In: Laurencin, C.T. (ed.), Chapter 7 ASTM - International, USA;Mellonig, J.T., Prewett, A.B., Moyer, M.P., HIV Inactivation in a Bone Allograft (1992) J. Periodontol., 63, p. 979; 
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Santos, J.D., Hastings, G.W., Knowles, J.C., Sintered Hydroxyapatite Compositions and Method for the Preparation Thereof (1999) Worldwide Applications, , (PCT), Patent No. 1 189 851; 
Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., Knowles, J.C., Glass Reinforced Hydroxyapatite: A Comprehensive Study of the Effect of Glass Composition on the Crystallography of the Composite (1998) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 39, p. 244; 
Lopes, M.A., Monteiro, F.J., Santos, J.D., Glass-reinforced Hydroxyapatite Composites: Fracture Toughness and Hardness Dependence on Microstructural Characteristics (1999) Biomaterials, 20, p. 2085; 
Lopes, M.A., Silva, R.F., Monteiro, F.J., Santos, J.D., Microstructural Dependence of Young{\textquoteright}s and Shear Moduli of P 2 O 2 Glass Reinforced Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications (2000) Biomaterials, 21, p. 749; 
Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., Ohtsuki, C., Osaka, A., Kaneko, S., Inoue, H., Push-out Testing and Histological Evaluation of Glass Reinforced Hydroxyapatite Composites Implanted in the Tibia of Rabbits (2001) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 54, p. 463; 
Lobato, J.V., Hussain, N.S., Botelho, C.M., Rodrigues, J.M., Lu{\'\i}s, A.L., Maur{\'\i}cio, A.C., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Assessment of the Potential of Bonelike{\textregistered} Graft for Bone Regeneration by using an Animal Model (2005) Key. Eng. Mater., 877, pp. 284-286; 
Lobato, J.V., Hussain, N.S., Botelho, C.M., Mauricio, A.C., Afonso, A., Ali, N., Santos, J.D., Assessment of Bonelike{\textregistered} Graft with a Resorbable Matrix using an Animal Model (2006) Thin Solid Films, 515, p. 362; 
Duarte, F., Santos, J.D., Afonso, A., Medical Applications of Bonelike{\textregistered} in Maxillofacial Surgery (2004) Mater. Sci. Forum, 370, pp. 455-456; 
Gutierres, M., Hussain, N.S., Afonso, A., Almeida, L., Cabral, T., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Biological Behaviour of Bonelike{\textregistered} Graft Implanted in Tibia of Humans (2005) Key Eng. Mater., 1041, pp. 284-286; 
LeGeros, R.Z., Properties of Osteoconductive Biomaterials: Calcium Phosphates (2002) Clin. Orthop., 395, p. 81; 
Robert, D.A.G., Hanneke, G.T., Ronald, J.H., Buma, P., Mechanism of Bone Incorporation of β-TCP Bone Substitute in Open Wedge Tibial Osteotomy in Patients (2005) Biomaterials, 26, p. 6713; 
Hirotsugu, H., Norio, A., Kimimitsu, O., Noritaka, F., Ohnishi, H., Okada, A., Nomura, S., Maeda, T., A Histological Evaluation on Self setting α-tricalcium Phosphate Applied in the Rat Bone Cavity (2004) Biomaterials, 25, p. 431; 
Meinel, L., Betz, O., Fajardo, R., Hofmann, S., Nazarian, A., Cory, E., Hilbe, M., Kirker-Head, C., Silk Based Biomaterials to Heal Critical Sized Femur Defects (2006) Bone, 39, p. 922; 
Lim, S.C., Lee, M.J., Yeo, H.H., Effects of Various Implant Materials on Regeneration of Calvarial Defects in Rats (2000) Pathol. Int., 50, p. 594; 
Carano, R.A.D., Filvaroff, E.H., Angiogenesis and Bone Repair (2003) Drug Discov. Today, 21, p. 980; 
Gutierres, M., Hussain, N.S., Lopes, M.A., Afonso, A., Cabral, A.T., Almeida, L., Santos, J.D., Histomorphometric Measurements Histological and SEM Analyses of bone/ implant Interface: Clinical Trials using Bonelike{\textregistered} Granules (2006) J. Orthop. Res., 24, p. 953
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {373 - 385},
	abstract = {The objective of this study is to evaluate the osteoconductivity and bioactivity of the Bonelike{\textregistered} graft in repairing surgical cystic bone defects. Bonelike{\textregistered} is implanted in 11 patients, aged between 24 and 53 years with a mean age of 36 years, consisting of 5 men and 6 women. According to the standard follow up protocols, radiological examinations are performed and Bonelike{\textregistered} /bone retrieved samples have been analyzed histologically using non-decalcified sections obtained perpendicular to bone length axis. Radiographic examination and histological results clearly demonstrate an extensive new bone formation apposed on Bonelike{\textregistered} granules with a significant degree of maturation. These clinical applications in maxillary bone defects indicate perfect bone bonding between new bone formed and Bonelike{\textregistered} granules, along with partial surface biodegradation. This quick and effective osteoconductive response from Bonelike{\textregistered} may reduce the time needed to reconstruct the bone defected area of patients. {\textcopyright} 2008 Sage Publications.},
	keywords = {adult, article, Bioactivity, Bone, bone prosthesis, Bone Regeneration, Bone Substitutes, bone transplantation, Bonelike{\textregistered}, clinical trial, facial bone, Facial Bones, Female, Histological studies, histology, human, Humans, Implants (surgical), instrumentation, male, Maxillofacial surgery, methodology, Middle Aged, oral surgery, Pathology, Radiography, Radiology, Regeneration, Surgery, Surgery, Oral, Synthetic bone graft, treatment outcome},
	isbn = {08853282 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-37249042186\&partnerID=40\&md5=ab2c9e9614d3f4f521445c149cff57ec},
	author = {Sousa, R.C. and Lobato, J.V. and Maur{\'\i}cio, A.C. and Hussain, N.S. and Botelho, C.M. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D.}
}
@book {2362,
	title = {Hybrid chitosan membranes tested in sheep for guided tissue regeneration},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {361-363 II},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Cortez, P.P.; Centro de Estudos de Ci{\^e}ncia Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ci{\^e}ncias e Tecnologias Agr{\'a}rias e Agro-Alimentares (ICETA), Campus Agr{\'a}rio de Vair{\~a}o, Rua P. Armando Quintas, 4485-661, Vair{\~a}o, Portugal; email: pcortez@mail.icav.up.ptReferences: Nasser, N.J., Friedman, A., Friedman, M., Moor, E., Mosheiff, R., (2005) Injury, 36, p. 1460;Chandy, T., Sharma, C.P., (1990) Biomater. Artif. Cells Artif. Organs, 18, p. 1; 
Domard, A., Rinaudo, M., (1983) Int J Biol Macromol, 5, p. 49; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2004) Key Eng. Mat, 254-256, p. 857; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2005) Biomaterials, 26, p. 485; 
Ueno, H., Yamada, H., Tanaka, I., Kaba, N., Matsuura, M., Okumura, M., Kadosawa, T., Fujinaga, T., (1999) Biomaterials, 20, p. 1407
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {1265 - 1268},
	abstract = {Previous in vitro studies confirmed an improved cytocompatibility of chitosan-silicate hybrid membranes over chitosan membranes. The main goal of this study was to assess the in vivo histocompatibility of both membranes through subcutaneous implantations at different time periods, 1 week, 1, 2 and 3 months, using a sheep model. Chitosan membranes elicited an exuberant inflammatory response and were consequently rejected. The hybrid chitosan membranes were not rejected and the degree of inflammatory response decreased gradually until the third month of implantation. Histological evaluation also showed that these membranes can be resorbed in vivo. This study demonstrates that the incorporation of silicate into the chitosan solution improves its histocompatibility, indicating that the hybrid chitosan-silicate membranes are suitable candidates to be used in clinical applications.},
	keywords = {biodegradability, Biodegradable membrane, Biodegradable membranes, chitosan, Chitosan-silicate hybrid, Guided tissue regeneration (GTR), histology, in vivo study, Membranes, Silicates, Tissue culture},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-38149018476\&partnerID=40\&md5=9a6734a40aa84667fe014796596e1ef3},
	author = {Cortez, P.P. and Shirosaki, Y. and Botelho, C.M. and Sim{\~o}es, M.J. and Gartner, F. and Da Costa, R.M.G. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Maur{\'\i}cio, A.C.}
}
@article {2366,
	title = {Jaw avascular osteonecrosis after treatment of multiple myeloma with zoledronate},
	journal = {Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryJ. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthetic Surg.},
	volume = {61},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 3Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2006.06.016PubMed ID: 18068658Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Maur{\'\i}cio, A.C.; Centro de Estudos de Ci{\^e}ncia Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ci{\^e}ncias, Tecnologias Agr{\'a}rias e Agro-Alimentares (ICETA), Campus Agrario Vairao, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vair{\~a}o, Portugal; email: ana.colette@mail.icav.up.ptChemicals/CAS: amoxicillin, 26787-78-0, 34642-77-8, 61336-70-7; cyclophosphamide, 50-18-0; cyclosporin, 79217-60-0; dexamethasone, 50-02-2; erythropoietin, 11096-26-7; thalidomide, 50-35-1; zoledronic acid, 118072-93-8, 131654-46-1, 165800-06-6, 165800-07-7; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Diphosphonates; Imidazoles; zoledronic acid, 118072-93-8References: Mundy, G.R., Bertoline, D.R., Bone destruction and hypercalcemia in plasma cell myeloma (1986) Semin Oncol, 13 (3), pp. 291-299;Belch, A.R., Bergsagel, D.E., Wilson, K., Effect of daily etidronate on the osteolysis of multiple myeloma (1991) J Clin Oncol, 9 (8), pp. 1397-1402; 
Kyle, R.A., Jowsey, J., Kelly, P.J., Multiple myeloma bone disease. The comparative effect of sodium fluoride and calcium carbonate or placebo (1975) N Engl J Med, 293 (26), pp. 1334-1338; 
Kyle, R.A., Multiple myeloma: review of 869 cases (1975) Mayo Clin Proc, 50 (1), pp. 29-40; 
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Berenson, J.R., Myeloma bone disease (2005) Best Pract Res Clin Haematol, 18 (4), pp. 653-672; 
Ruggerio, S.L., Mekrotra, B., Rosenberg, T.J., Osteonecrosis of the jaws associated with the use of bisphosphonates: a review of 63 cases (2004) J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 62, pp. 527-534; 
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Van Poznak, C.H., The use of bisphosphonates in patients with breast cancer (2002) Cancer Control, 9 (6), pp. 480-489; 
Marx, R.E., Pamidronate (Aredia) and zoledronate (Zometa) induced avascular necrosis of the jaws: a growing epidemic (2003) J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 61 (9), pp. 1115-1117; 
Vannucchi, A.M., Ficarra, G., Antonioli, E., Osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with zoledronate therapy in patient with multiple myeloma (2005) Br J Haematol, 128 (6), pp. 738-739; 
Wang, J., Goodger, N.M., Pogrel, M.A., Osteonecrosis of the jaws associated with cancer chemotherapy (2003) J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 61 (9), pp. 1104-1107; 
Purcell, P.M., Boyd, I.W., Bisphosphonates and osteonecrosis of the jaw (2005) Med J Aust, 182 (8), pp. 417-418; 
Carter, G., Goss, A.N., Doecke, C., Bisphosphonates and avascular necrosis of the jaw: a possible association (2005) Med J Aust, 182 (8), pp. 413-415; 
Durie, B., Katz, M., Crowley, J., Osteonecrosis of the jaw and bisphosphonates (2005) N Engl J Med, 353, pp. 99-102; 
Migliorati, C.A., Bisphosphonates and oral cavity avascular bone necrosis (2003) J Clin Oncol, 21 (22), pp. 4253-4254; 
Robinson, N.A., Yeo, J.F., Bisphosphonates - a word of caution (2004) Ann Acad Med Singapore, 33 (4), pp. 48-49; 
Starck, W.J., Epker, B.N., Failure of osseointegrated dental implants after diphosphonate therapy for osteoporosis: a case report (1995) Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 10 (1), pp. 74-78; 
Melo, M., Obeid, G., Osteonecrosis of the maxilla in a patient with a history of bisphosphonate therapy (2005) J Can Dent Assoc, 71 (2), pp. 111-113
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {99 - 106},
	abstract = {Purpose: Multiple myeloma, the second most common haematopoietic cancer, which represents the collection of plasma-cell neoplasms that invariably becomes fatal when self-renewing myeloma cells begin unrestrained proliferation. The major clinical manifestation of multiple myeloma is related to the loss of bone through osteolysis. This can lead to pathologic fractures, spinal cord compression, hypercalcaemia, and pain. It is also a major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients, who frequently require radiation therapy, surgery and analgesic medications. Bisphosphonates are specific inhibitors of osteoclastic activity, and are currently used to prevent bone complications and to treat malignant hypercalcaemia in patients with multiple myeloma, or bone metastases from breast and prostate cancers. Hence, osteonecrosis of the mandible has been reported in three patients from Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia (CHVNG) with multiple myeloma treated for over 18-48 months with intravenous zoledronate, commonly prescribed for multiple myeloma therapy. Although, this report alerts clinicians about the potential complication of bone necrosis in patients receiving bisphosphonate therapy, many questions remain concerning the underlying pathogenesis of this process. Patients and methods: The medical and dental records of three patients with multiple myeloma, who were treated in CHVNG in the past 4 years, were reviewed. These three patients presented exposed bone and osteonecrosis of the mandible, and shared one common clinical feature: all of them were treated with bisphosphonate zoledronate, administered intravenously for long periods. Sequential orthopantomograms (OPGs) and histological evaluation have been analysed from the biopsies of the non healing dental extraction sites of these patients. Results: After a routine dental extraction, these patients developed avascular osteonecrosis of the mandible and secondary bone infection with Actinomyces israelii (actinomycotic osteomyelitis), with no evidence of metastatic disease evaluated by biopsy. In these three described clinical cases, surgical debridment without flap elevation, intensive antibiotherapy and the suspension of the zoledronate treatment allowed a partial recovery of the patients. The purpose of this clinical report is to point out that patients suffering from multiple myeloma can develop bone osteonecrosis induced by treatment with bisphosphonates. Research to determine the mechanism of this dental phenomenon is needed to fully validate and substantiate the possible link between bisphosphonate treatment of multiple myeloma or other cancer diseases and avascular osteonecrosis of the jaws. Until then, clinicians involved in the care of patients at risk should consider this possible complication. {\textcopyright} 2006 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons.},
	keywords = {Actinomyces israelii, adult, aged, amoxicillin, antibiotic therapy, article, avascular necrosis, Avascular osteonecrosis, biopsy, Bisphosphonates, Bone Density Conservation Agents, case report, clinical feature, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin, dexamethasone, Diphosphonates, drug induced disease, drug inhibition, drug withdrawal, erythropoietin, Female, histology, human, Humans, hypercalcemia, Imidazoles, Jaw, jaw avascular osteonecrosis, male, Mandibular Diseases, morbidity, mortality, Multiple myeloma, osteolysis, Osteonecrosis, pain, panoramic radiography, pathologic fracture, priority journal, Radiography, Panoramic, risk assessment, spinal cord compression, thalidomide, tooth extraction, zoledronic acid},
	isbn = {17486815 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-36649035515\&partnerID=40\&md5=3cc23473fdb164be7f8e067bea9e436e},
	author = {Lobato, J.V. and Maur{\'\i}cio, A.C. and Rodrigues, J.M. and Cavaleiro, M.V. and Cortez, P.P. and Xavier, L. and Botelho, C. and Hussain, N.S. and Santos, J.D.}
}
@article {2339,
	title = {Linear and nonlinear heart-rate analysis in a rat model of acute anoxia},
	journal = {Physiological MeasurementPhysiol. Meas.},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 6Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: PMEAEdoi: 10.1088/0967-3334/29/9/010PubMed ID: 18784391Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Gon{\c c}alves, H.; Departamento de Matem{\'a}tica Aplicada, Faculdade de Ci{\^e}ncias, Universidade Do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; email: hernani.goncalves@fc.up.ptReferences: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician-Gynecologists, Number 70, December 2005 (2005) Obstet. Gynecol., 106, pp. 1453-1460;Ayres-De-Campos, D., Bernardes, J., Garrido, A., Marques-De-S{\'a}, J., Pereira-Leite, L., SisPorto 2.0: A program for automated analysis of cardiotocograms (2000) J. Mat. Fet. Med., 9 (5), pp. 311-318; 
Ayres-De-Campos, D., Santos, C., Bernardes, J., Prediction of neonatal state by computer analysis of fetal heart rate tracings: The antepartum arm of the SisPorto{\textregistered} validation study (2005) Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol., 118 (1), pp. 52-60; 
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},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {1133 - 1143},
	abstract = {The objective of this study was the assessment of heart-rate (HR) dynamics with linear and nonlinear methods during episodes of mechanical ventilation and acute anoxia in rats. Namely, to assess whether linear and nonlinear HR analysis was able to discriminate acute anoxia from baseline in rats and if this was consistent with human foetal and adult studies. Five HR segments of 1 min duration, during baseline recording, mechanical ventilation and first, second and third minutes of induced acute anoxia, were analysed in ten adult Wistar rats. Linear time and frequency domain and nonlinear methods were used, namely mean HR (mHR), long-term irregularity (LTI), interval index (II), low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF), approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn). New parameters for the entropy indices are proposed for the analysis of rats{\textquoteright} HR. Bootstrap percentile confidence intervals and nonparametric statistical tests were used in the evaluation of the differences between segments. During mechanical ventilation a clear spectral band was detectable at the ventilation rate, but mHR, II and the {\textquoteright}new{\textquoteright} entropy indices were the only significantly changed indices. In the transition from baseline-mechanical- ventilation to mechanical-ventilation-induced anoxia, a statistically significant decrease of mHR, II and entropy indices was observed, clearly discriminating these two instances, whereas most linear indices increased. With continued anoxia, most linear indices decreased significantly, whereas entropy remained stably low. These results are consistent with other foetal human and non-human studies and evidence that the rat model may be used for further research on linear and nonlinear analysis of heart-rate dynamics. The transition from baseline to acute anoxia was encompassed by signs of increased activation of the autonomic nervous system sympathetic branch, and decreased or blunted activity of the HR complexity regulatory centres. {\textcopyright} 2008 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.},
	keywords = {acute disease, animal experiment, animal model, Animals, Anoxia, article, artificial ventilation, bootstrapping, controlled study, entropy, Female, Fetal monitoring, frequency analysis, Heart rate, Heart rate variability, Humans, Linear analysis, linear system, lung ventilation, Models, Cardiovascular, nonhuman, nonlinear system, priority journal, rat, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Rattus, Rattus norvegicus, Respiration, Artificial, Statistical analysis, Variability, Wistar rat, Wistar rats},
	isbn = {09673334 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-51849120545\&partnerID=40\&md5=56be327bb0d959060a2f4a0f080ae264},
	author = {Gon{\c c}alves, H. and Henriques-Coelho, T. and Bernardes, J. and Rocha, A.P. and Nogueira, A. and Leite-Moreira, A.}
}
@article {2356,
	title = {Synthesis and cytocompatibility of porous chitosan-silicate hybrids for tissue engineering scaffold application},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering JournalChem. Eng. J.},
	volume = {137},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 13Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: CMEJAdoi: 10.1016/j.cej.2007.10.012Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Osaka, A.; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan; email: osaka@cc.okayama-u.ac.jpReferences: Tateishi, T., Chen, G., Ushida, T., Biodegradable porous scaffolds for tissue engineering (2002) J. Artif. Organs, 5, pp. 77-83;Lee, Y.-K., Mooney, J.D., Hydrogels for tissue engineering (2001) Chem. Rev., 101, pp. 1869-1879; 
Park, S.-N., Park, J.-C., Kim, H.-O., Song, M.-J., Suh, H., Characterization of porous collagne/hyaluronic acid scaffold modified by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide cross-linking (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 1205-1212; 
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Lee, J.-Y., Nam, S.-H., Im, S.-Y., Park, Y.-J., Lee, Y.-M., Seol, Y.-J., Chung, C.-P., Lee, S.-J., Enhanced bone formation by controlled growth factor delivery from chitosan-based biomaterials (2002) J. Control. Release, 78, pp. 187-197; 
Wan, Y., Wu, H., Wen, D., Porous-conductive chitosan scaffolds for tissue engineering: 1. Preparation and characterization (2004) Macromol. Biosci., 4, pp. 882-890; 
Li, J., Pan, J., Zhang, L., Guo, X., Yu, Y., Culture of primary rat hepatocytes within porous chitosan scaffolds (2003) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 67 A, pp. 938-943; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Sol-gel preparation and in vitro deposition of apatite on porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids (2001) J. Non-Cryst. Solid, 285, pp. 116-122; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Novel approach to fabricate porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids for bone tissue engineering (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 4765-4773; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., In vitro cytocompatibility of MG63 cells on chitosan-organosiloxane hybrids membranes (2005) Biomaterials, 26, pp. 485-493; 
Hua, H., Jie, W., Changshengh, L., Development of asymmetric gradational-changed porous chitosan membrane for guided periodontal tissue regeneration (2007) Compos. B, 38, pp. 311-316; 
Clover, J., Gowen, M., Are MG63 and HOS TE 85 human osteosarcoma cell lines representative models of the osteoblastic phenotype? (1994) Bone, 15, pp. 585-5911; 
Kang, H.-W., Tabata, Y., Ikada, Y., Fabrication of porous gelatin scaffolds for tissue engineering (1999) Biomaterials, 20, pp. 1339-1344; 
Ho, M.-H., Kuo, P.-Y., Hsieh, H.-J., Hsien, T.-Y., Hou, L.-T., Lai, J.-Y., Wang, D.-M., Preparation of porous scaffolds by using freeze-extraction and freeze-gelation methods (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 129-138
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {122 - 128},
	abstract = {Chitosan-silicate hybrids with 3D porous structures were prepared with freeze-drying precursor solutions derived from chitosan and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). They were formed easily in any shape, such as sheets, pellets, disks, granules, and even roll-cakes. The pore size was strongly dependent on the freezing temperature: lower freezing temperature resulted smaller pores, about 110 μm for the hybrids frozen at -20 {\textdegree}C, and about 50 μm for those at -85 {\textdegree}C. The pore size was little dependent on the GPTMS content. In contrast, the GPTMS content affected porosity a littlie: \~{}80\% for chitosan, and \~{}90\% for the GPTMS-containing hybrids. Thus, their porous microstructure was controllable due to the freezing temperature and composition. MG63 osteoblastic cells were cultured up to 7 days on the porous hybrids. The cells adhered on the pore walls, proliferated, and migrated deep into the pore structure. It was thus concluded that the present chitosan-silicate hybrids were promising for tissue engineering scaffold applications. {\textcopyright} 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {chitosan, Cytocompatibility, GPTMS, Organic-inorganic hybrid, Osteoblastic cell MG63, Osteoblasts, Pore size, Pore structure, Scaffold, Silicates, Tissue engineering, γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS)},
	isbn = {13858947 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-38949146037\&partnerID=40\&md5=e26163ca30dda2875f5c9dd2316bdd4e},
	author = {Shirosaki, Y. and Okayama, T. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A.}
}
@article {2368,
	title = {Opening wedge high tibial osteotomy using 3D biomodelling Bonelike{\textregistered} macroporous structures: Case report},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med.},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 9Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1007/s10856-007-3171-xPubMed ID: 17569003Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica (INEB), Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto 4150-180, Portugal; email: jdsantos@fe.up.ptChemicals/CAS: calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5, 13767-12-9, 14358-97-5, 7758-87-4; hydroxyapatite, 1306-06-5, 51198-94-8; Bone Substitutes; Calcium Phosphates; Ceratite, 124097-42-3; HydroxyapatitesTradenames: BonelikeReferences: Gaasbeek, R.D.A., Welsing, R.T.C., Verdonschot, N., Rijnberg, W.J., Van Loon, C.J.M., Van Kampen, A., (2005) Knee Surg. Sports Traumatol. Arthrosc., 13, p. 689. , 8;Scott, W.N., Clarke, H.D., (2004) Orthopedics, 27, p. 975. , 9; 
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},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {2377 - 2382},
	abstract = {Two synthetic calcium phosphates in porous wedge shape, Bonelike{\textregistered} and a commercial HA/β-TCP biphasic material, were used as an alternative to bone autografts and allografts in the treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis of varus knees. The structure of Bonelike{\textregistered} has a 3D architecture that is computer controlled, and a composition that mimics the mineral composition of natural bone. The HA/β-TCP biphasic material used as a control material in this study was prepared using conventional foaming based methods. No signs of inflammatory reactions were observed post-operatively for both materials. After 4 months signs of fusion at the osteotomy site and good integration of the implanted wedges were observed, showing good mechanical resistance. Concerning the final correction attained, the left knee revealed a satisfactory valgus of 10{\textdegree}, but the right one only had a final value of 6{\textdegree}. The clinical evaluation using International Knee Score (IKS) showed good outcome in all parameters with complete range of motion in both knees and climbing stairs without crutches with only slight pain. {\textcopyright} 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.},
	keywords = {adult, article, Biological organs, Biomodeling, Bone, bone allograft, Bone graft, bone mineral, Bone Substitutes, calcium phosphate, Calcium phosphates, case report, climbing, clinical evaluation, Computer simulation, Grafts, human, Humans, hydroxyapatite, Hydroxyapatites, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, knee, knee pain, Macroporous structures, male, Mechanical properties, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Osteoblasts, osteotomy, pain assessment, porosity, Porous wedge shapes, priority journal, Prostheses and Implants, range of motion, structure analysis, tibia, tibia osteotomy, Tibial osteotomy, Valgus, valgus knee},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-36448991200\&partnerID=40\&md5=856e2db65f4b4dc72a1128388ebc479a},
	author = {Gutierres, M. and Dias, A.G. and Lopes, M.A. and Hussain, N.S. and Cabral, A.T. and Almeida, L. and Santos, J.D.}
}
@article {2376,
	title = {Upregulation of bone cell differentiation through immobilization within a synthetic extracellular matrix},
	journal = {BiomaterialsBiomaterials},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 39Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BIMADdoi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.04.028PubMed ID: 17532040Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Evangelista, M.B.; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: mbe@ineb.up.ptChemicals/CAS: alginic acid, 28961-37-7, 29894-36-8, 9005-32-7, 9005-38-3; alkaline phosphatase, 9001-78-9; arginylglycylaspartic acid, 99896-85-2; DNA, 9007-49-2; osteocalcin, 136461-80-8; Alginates; alginic acid, 9005-32-7; Alkaline Phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.1; arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid, 99896-85-2; Glucuronic Acid, 576-37-4; Hexuronic Acids; Oligopeptides; Osteocalcin, 104982-03-8References: de Vos, P., de Haan, B., Wolters, G.H.J., VanSchilfgaarde, R., Factors influencing the adequacy of microencapsulation of rat pancreatic islets (1996) Transplantation, 62 (7), pp. 888-893;Brissova, M., Lacik, I., Powers, A.C., Anilkumar, A.V., Wang, T., Control and measurement of permeability for design of microcapsule cell delivery system (1998) J Biomed Mater Res, 39 (1), pp. 61-70; 
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Bancroft, J.D., Gamble, M., (2002) Theory and practice of histological techniques. 5th ed, , Elsevier Science, Edinburgh
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {3644 - 3655},
	abstract = {There is a need for new therapeutic strategies to treat bone defects caused by trauma, disease or tissue loss. Injectable systems for cell transplantation have the advantage of allowing the use of minimally invasive surgical procedures, and thus for less discomfort to patients. In the present study, it is hypothesized that Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-coupled in a binary (low and high molecular weight) injectable alginate composition is able to influence bone cell differentiation in a three-dimensional (3D) structure. Viability, metabolic activity, cytoskeleton organization, ultrastructure and differentiation (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), von Kossa, alizarin red stainings and osteocalcin quantification) of immobilized cells were assessed. Cells within RGD-modified alginate microspheres were able to establish more interactions with the synthetic extracellular matrix as visualized by confocal laser scanning microscope and transmission electron microscopy imaging, and presented a much higher level of differentiation (more intense ALP and mineralization stainings and higher levels of osteocalcin secretion) when compared to cells immobilized within unmodified alginate microspheres. These findings demonstrate that peptides covalently coupled to alginate were efficient in influencing cell behavior within this 3D system, and may provide adequate preparation of osteoblasts for cell transplantation. {\textcopyright} 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {3T3 Cells, Alginate, Alginates, alginic acid, alkaline phosphatase, animal cell, Animals, arginylglycylaspartic acid, article, Bone, bone cell, Bone Regeneration, calvaria, cell adhesion, cell differentiation, Cell encapsulation, Cell immobilization, cell metabolism, cell proliferation, cell survival, cell ultrastructure, cell viability, confocal laser microscopy, controlled study, cytology, cytoskeleton, DNA, DNA content, ECM (extracellular matrix), enzyme activity, extracellular matrix, Glucuronic Acid, Hexuronic Acids, hydrogel, immobilized cell, metabolism, Mice, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, microsphere, Microspheres, nonhuman, Oligopeptides, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, osteocalcin, Patient treatment, priority journal, rat, RGD peptide, structure analysis, three dimensional imaging, Tissue engineering, transmission electron microscopy, Transplantation (surgical)},
	isbn = {01429612 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34249870130\&partnerID=40\&md5=4476a4b1ee80320328c1bf37054037bb},
	author = {Evangelista, M.B. and Hsiong, S.X. and Fernandes, R. and Sampaio, P. and Kong, H.-J. and Barrias, C.C. and Salema, R. and Barbosa, M.A. and Mooney, D.J. and Granja, P.L.}
}
@book {2412,
	title = {                    31P MAS-NMR studies of CaO-P
                    2O
                    5 glass ceramics
},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {309-311 I},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Dias, A.G.; Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica (INEB), Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: agdias@fe.up.ptReferences: J{\"a}ger, C., Hartmann, P., Witter, R., Braun, M., (2000) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 263, p. 61;Hartmann, P., Vogel, J., Schnabel, B., (1994) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 176, p. 157; 
Dias, A.G., Lopes, M.A., Gibson, I.R., Santos, J.D., (2003) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 330, p. 81; 
Dias, A.G., Skakle, J.M.S., Gibson, I.R., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., (2005) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 351, p. 810; 
Brow, R.K., (2000) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 263, p. 1; 
Hayakawa, S., Tsuru, S., Iida, H., Ohtsuki, C., Osaka, A., (1996) Phys. Chem. Glasses, 37, p. 188; 
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Kirkpatrick, R.J., Brown, R.K., (1995) Sol. Stat. Nucl. Mag. Resonance, 5, p. 9
},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {301 - 304},
	abstract = {This work reports the structure of two glass ceramics prepared in the calcium phosphate system, MK5B and MT13B, using                        31P MAS-NMR technique. The results obtained showed that the network of MK5B consisted mainly of Q
                        1 and Q
                        2 groups. Besides these two groups, MT13B material also present Q
                        3 units. The Q
                        n groups detected in both glass ceramics seem to be correlated to the crystalline phases present in their microstructure.
},
	keywords = {Biomaterials, calcium phosphate, Crystalline materials, Crystalline phases, Glass ceramics, Lime, MAS-NMR technique, Microstructure, NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33645382187\&partnerID=40\&md5=353cae72417fac19dba1115041250e95},
	author = {Dias, A.G. and Lopes, M.A. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Santos, J.D. and Osaka{\textquoteright}, A.}
}
@article {2402,
	title = {Assessment of Bonelike{\textregistered} graft with a resorbable matrix using an animal model},
	journal = {Thin Solid FilmsThin Solid Films},
	volume = {515},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: THSFAdoi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2005.12.153Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: jdsantos@fe.up.ptReferences: Hench, L.L., Wilson, J., (1993) An Introduction to Bioceramics, Singapore, , Scientific W. (Ed);Hench, L.L., (1998) Biomaterials, 19, p. 1419; 
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Gutierres, M., Sooraj Hussain, N., Afonso, A., Almeida, L., Cabral, T., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., (2005) Key Eng. Mater., 284-286, p. 1041; 
Costa, M.A., Gutierres, M., Almeida, L., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2004) Key Eng. Mater., 254-256, p. 821; 
Duarte, F.M., Santos, J.D., Afonso, A., (2004) Mat. Sci. Forum, 455-456, p. 370; 
Ross, M.H., Romrell, L.J., Kaye, G.I., (1995) Histology a Text and Atlas, New York
},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {362 - 367},
	abstract = {Synthetic bone grafts have been developed to provide an alternative to autografts and allografts. Bonelike{\textregistered} is a patented synthetic osteoconductive bone graft that mimics the mineral composition of natural bone. In the present preliminary animal studies a user-friendly version of synthetic bone graft Bonelike{\textregistered} have been developed by using a resorbable matrix, Floseal{\textregistered}, as a vehicle and raloxifene hydrochloride as a therapeutic molecule, that is known to decrease osteoclast activity and therefore enhanced bone formation. From histological and scanning electron microscopy evaluations, the use of Bonelike{\textregistered} associated with Floseal{\textregistered} and raloxifene hydrochloride showed that new bone was rapidly apposed on implanted granules and also that the presence of the matrix and therapeutic molecule does not alter the proven highly osteoconductivity properties of Bonelike{\textregistered}. Therefore, this association may be one step-forward for the clinical applications of Bonelike{\textregistered} scaffolds since it is much more easy-to-handle when compared to granular materials. {\textcopyright} 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {animal model, Bone, Bonelike{\textregistered}, FloSeal{\textregistered}, Grafting (chemical), Histological analysis, Mathematical models, Raloxifene hydrochloride, Scanning electron microscopy},
	isbn = {00406090 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33750074198\&partnerID=40\&md5=f24aac62995c1d96ae0e344ccd428ea5},
	author = {Lobato, J.V. and Hussain, N.S. and Botelho, C.M. and Maur{\'\i}cio, A.C. and Afonso, A. and Ali, N. and Santos, J.D.}
}
@article {2411,
	title = {Histological and scanning electron microscopy analyses of bone/implant interface using the novel Bonelike{\textregistered} synthetic bone graft},
	journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic ResearchJ. Orthop. Res.},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 6Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JOREDdoi: 10.1002/jor.20117Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; DEMM, Faculty of Engg., University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; email: jdsantos@fe.up.ptChemicals/CAS: Bone SubstitutesTradenames: Bonelike; JSM 630IF, JeolManufacturers: JeolReferences: Peter, P., Heinrich, R., Meinrad, P., (2003) Orthopaedic Issues in Osteoporosis, , YH An, editor. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press;Hench, L.L., Wilson, J., (1999) An Introduction to Bioceramics, , Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd; 
Corpe, R.S., Steflik, D.E., Whitehead, R.Y., Correlative experimental animal and human clinical retrieval evaluations (2000) Crit Rev Biomed Eng, 28, pp. 395-398; 
Kitsugi, T., Yamamuro, T., Nakamura, T., Four calcium phosphate ceramics as bone substitutes for non-weight bearing (1993) Biomaterials, 14, pp. 216-224; 
Koshino, T., Murase, T., Takagi, T., New bone formation around porous hydroxyapatite wedge implanted in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy in patients with osteoarthritis (2001) Biomaterials, 22, pp. 1579-1582; 
LeGeros, R.Z., (1991) Calcium Phosphates in Oral Biology and Medicine, pp. 4-45. , Meyers HM, editor. New York: Karger; 
Macdonald, D.E., Betts, F., Stranick, M., Physicochemical study of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite-coated implants in humans (2001) J Biomed Mater Res, 54, pp. 480-490; 
Oonishi, H., Yamamoto, M., Ishimaru, H., The effect of hydroxyapatite coating on bone growth into porous titanium alloy implants (1989) J Bone Surg Br, 71, pp. 213-216; 
Thomas, K.A., Hydroxyapatite coatings (1994) Orthopedics, 17, pp. 267-278; 
Doron, H., Amy, L.L., Bone graft substitutes (2003) Oper Tech Plastic Reconstruct Surg, 9, pp. 151-160; 
Write, S., The bone-graft market in Europe. Commentary extracted from a report entitled "Emerging technologies in orthopedics I.: Bone graft substitutes, bone growth stimulators and bone growth factors" (1999), pp. 591-595. , London: Datamonitor plcBotelho, C.M., Brooks, R.A., Best, S.M., Biological and physical-chemical characterization of phase pure HA and si-substituted hydroxyapatite by different microscopy techniques (2004) Key Eng Mater, 254, p. 845; 
Costa, M.A., Gutierres, M., Almeida, L., In vitro mineralisation of human bone marrow cells cultured on bonelike{\textregistered} (2004) Key Eng Mater, 254-256, pp. 821-824; 
Gutierres, M., Hussain, N.S., Afonso, A., Biological behaviour of bonelike{\textregistered} graft Implanted in the tibia of humans (2005) Key Eng Mater, 284-286, pp. 1041-1044; 
Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., Glass reinforced hydroxyapatite: A comprehensive study of the effect of glass composition on the crystallography of the composite (1998) J Biomed Mater Res, 39, pp. 244-251; 
Lopes, M.A., Monteiro, F.J., Santos, J.D., Glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite composites: Fracture toughness and hardness dependence on microstructural characteristics (1999) Biomaterials, 20, pp. 2085-2090; 
Lopes, M.A., Silva, R.F., Monteiro, F.J., Microstructural dependence of Young{\textquoteright}s and shear moduli of P 2O 5 glass reinforced hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications (2000) Biomaterials, 21, pp. 749-754; 
Lopes, M.A., Knowles, J.C., Santos, J.D., Structural insights of glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite composites by Rietveld refinement (2000) Biomaterials, 21, pp. 1905-1910; 
Santos, J.D., Knowles, J.C., Reis, R.L., Microstructural characterization of glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite composites (1994) Biomaterials, 15, pp. 5-10; 
Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., Push-out testing and histological evaluation of glass reinforced hydroxyapatite composites implanted in the tibia of rabbits (2001) J Biomed Mater Res, 54, pp. 463-469; 
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Hing, K.A., Assessment of porous hydroxyapatite for bone replacement (1996), (Ph D Thesis). London: University of LondonLopes, M.A., Knowles, J.C., Santos, J.D., Direct and indirect effects of P 2O 5-glass reinforced-hydroxyapatite composites and growth and function of osteoblast-like cells (2000) Biomaterials, 21, pp. 1165-1172; 
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Lobato, J.V., Hussain, N.S., Botelho, C.M., Assessment of the potential of Bonelike{\textregistered} graft for bone regeneration by using an animal model (2005) Key Eng Mater, 284-286, pp. 877-880; 
Duarte, F., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Bonelike{\textregistered} composites for the regeneration of bone lesions (2004) Mater Sci Forum, 455-456, pp. 370-373; 
Laurencin, C.T., (2003) Bone Graft Substitutes, , West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International
},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {953 - 958},
	abstract = {Synthetic bone grafts provide an alternative to autografts and allografts. Bonelike{\textregistered} is a patented synthetic bone graft that mimics the mineral composition of bone. The aim of the present work was to assess the biological behavior of Bonelike{\textregistered} graft in humans, before using the material in orthopedic applications of bone regeneration, for example, in opening wedge high tibial osteotomies for medial knee osteoarthritis. Bonelike{\textregistered} granules were implanted in cortical bone of 11 patients undergoing osteotomies, and new bone formation, osteoconductive properties, and resorption characteristics of the granules were analyzed. The granules ranged from 500 to 1000 μm and were implanted in the lateral aspect of the tibia. The patients{\textquoteright} mean age was 59 years (range 48 to 70 years); there were eight women and three men, all suffering from medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee. At surgery, a 1 {\texttimes} 1 {\texttimes} 1-cm cortical defect was created 3 cm distal to the entry point of the screws, in line with the long axis of tibia. The implanted Bonelike{\textregistered} graft sample was extracted for analysis during removal of the metallic prosthesis after implantation times of 6, 9, and 12 months. Radiological follow-up, scanning electron microscopy, histological analysis, and histomorphometric measurements were conducted on the retrieved samples to assess bone regeneration in the defect area. Osteoconductive capacity was demonstrated by extensive mature bone formation around the implanted granules and high levels of percentage bone-to-graft contact (from 67-84\%). Bonelike{\textregistered} acted as an excellent bioactive scaffold, allowing the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of bone cells on its surface, and therefore regeneration of the defects was achieved in a rapid, controlled manner. Our results suggest that Bonelike{\textregistered} graft is an excellent candidate for orthopedic applications where rapid new bone formation is a fundamental requirement. {\textcopyright} 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	keywords = {adult, aged, article, Bone, Bone and Bones, bone cell, bone conduction, bone development, Bone graft, bone prosthesis, bone radiography, Bone Regeneration, bone screw, Bone Substitutes, bone transplantation, Bonelike{\textregistered}, cell differentiation, cell migration, cell proliferation, Clinical applications, clinical article, controlled study, Female, follow up, Histological analysis, histology, human, Humans, knee osteoarthritis, male, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Middle Aged, morphometrics, orthopedics, ossification, Osteoconduction, Osteogenesis, osteolysis, Pathology, priority journal, Prostheses and Implants, prostheses and orthoses, prosthesis material, Scanning electron microscopy, surgical technique, Synthetic bone graft, tibia osteotomy, ultrastructure},
	isbn = {07360266 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33744465532\&partnerID=40\&md5=ef625229b1616ab24217a9235a89286e},
	author = {Gutierres, M. and Hussain, N.S. and Lopes, M.A. and Alfonso, A. and Cabral, A.T. and Almeida, L. and Santos, J.D.}
}
@article {2422,
	title = {In vivo performance of biodegradable calcium phosphate glass ceramics using the rabbit model: Histological and SEM observation},
	journal = {Journal of Biomaterials ApplicationsJ. Biomater. Appl.},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 10Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JBAPEdoi: 10.1177/0885328206052466Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica (INEB), Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: jdsantos@fe.up.ptChemicals/CAS: calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5, 13767-12-9, 14358-97-5, 7758-87-4; Bone Substitutes; calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5; Calcium Phosphates; CeramicsReferences: Parikh, S.N., Bone Graft Substitutes in Modern Orthopedics (2002) Orthopedics, 25 (11), pp. 1301-1309;Tomford, W.W., Bone Allografts: Past, Present and Future (2000) Cell and Tissue Banking, 1, pp. 105-109; 
Betz, R.R., Limitations of Autograft and Allograft: New Synthetic Solutions (2002) Orthopedics, 25 (5), pp. S561-S570; 
Lane, J.M., Tomin, E., Bostrom, M.P.G., Biosynthetic Bone Grafting, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (1999) Supplement S, 367, pp. S107-S117; 
Gazdag, A.R., Lane, J.M., Glaser, D., Forster, R.A., Alternatives to Autogenous Bone Graft: Efficacy and Indications (1995) Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 3 (1); 
Vaccaro, A.R., The Role of the Osteoconductive Scaffold in Synthetic Bone Grafts (2002) Orthopedics, 25 (5), pp. S571-S578; 
Damien, C.J., Parsons, J.R., Bone-Graft and Bone-Graft Substitutes - A Review of Current Technology and Applications (1991) Journal of Applied Biomaterials, 2 (3), pp. 187-208; 
Porter, A.E., Patel, N., Skepper, J.N., Best, S.M., Bonfield, W., Comparison of in vivo Dissolution Processes in Hydroxyapatite and Silicon-substituted Hydroxyapatite Bioceramics (2003) Biomaterials, 24 (25), pp. 4609-4620; 
Raynaud, S., Champion, E., Lafon, J.P., Bernache-Assollant, D., Calcium Phosphate Apatites with Variable Ca/P Atomic Ratio III Mechanical Properties and Degradation in Solution of Hot Pressed Ceramics (2002) Biomaterials 23, 4, pp. 1081-1089; 
Klein, C., Wolke, J.G.C., Deblieckhogervorst, J.M.A., Degroot, K., Features of Calcium-Phosphate Plasma-Sprayed Coatings - An in-vitro Study (1994) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 28 (8), pp. 961-967; 
Brow, R.K., Review: The Structure of Simple Phosphate Glasses (2000) Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 263 (1-4), pp. 1-28; 
Shelby, J.E., (1997) Introduction to Glass Science and Technology, , The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK; 
Fini, M., Giardino, R., In vitro and in vivo Tests for the Biological Evaluation of Candidate Orthopedic Materials: Benefits and Limits (2003) Journal of Applied Biomaterials \& Biomechanics, 1, pp. 155-163; 
Ratner, B.D., Hoffman, A.S., Schoen, F.J., Lemons, F.J., (1996) Biomaterials Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine, , Academic Press; 
Dias, A.G., Lopes, M.A., Gibson, I.R., Santos, J.D., In vitro Degradation Studies of Calcium Phosphate Glass Ceramics Prepared by Controlled Crystallization (2003) Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 330 (1-3), pp. 81-89; 
Dias, A.G., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Protein Adsorption Effect on in vitro Acellular Biodegradation of CaO-P 2O 5 Glass Ceramics (2004) Advanced Materials Forum, 455-456, pp. 398-401; 
Dias, A.G., Skakle, J.M.S., Gibson, I.R., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., In situ Thermal and Structural Characterization of Bioactive Calcium Phosphate Glass Ceramics Containing TiO 2 and MgO Oxides: HT-XRD Studies (2005) Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 351, pp. 810-817; 
Dias, A.G., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, T., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Osaka, A., Crystallisation Studies of Biodegradable CaO-P 2O 5 Glass with MgO and TiO 2 for Bone Regeneration Applications (2004) Glass Technology, 45 (2), pp. 78-79; 
Gross, U., Muller-Mai, C., Voigt, C., Mesgarian, M., Berger, G., Ploska, U., Tissue Response in the Femur of Rabbits after Implantation of a New Calcium Titanium Phosphate Composition (2000) Key Engineering Materials, 192, pp. 383-386; 
Kitsugi, T., Yamamuro, T., Nakamura, T., Masanori, O., Transmission Electron Microscopy Observations at the Interface of Bone and Four Types of Calcium Phosphate Ceramics with Different Calcium/ Phosphorous Molar Ratios (1995) Biomaterials, 16 (14), pp. 1101-1107; 
Chun, S., Jeong, J.H., Kim, K-H., Kim, S., Biodegradation Study of Amorphous and Crystalline Calcium Metaphosphate in the SBF and Tris-buffer Solution (2000) Key Engineering Materials, 192, pp. 131-134; 
Chun, S., Na, S.W., Lee, J.H., Chung, J.P., Ryu, I.C., Kim, S.Y., Biodegradation Study of Potassium Calcium Metaphosphate in the SBF and Tris-buffer Solution (2002) Key Engineering Materials, 218, pp. 149-152; 
Lin, F.H., Liao, C.J., Chen, K.S., Sun, J.S., Liu, H.C., Degradation Behaviour of a New Bioceramic: Ca 2P 2O 7 with Addition of Na 4P 2O 7 {\textperiodcentered} 10H 2O (1997) Biomaterials, 18 (13), pp. 915-921; 
Koerten, H.K., van der Meulen, J., Degradation of Calcium Phosphate Ceramics (1999) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 44 (1), pp. 78-86; 
Kwon, S.H., Jun, Y.K., Hong, S.H., Kim, H.E., Synthesis and Dissolution Behavior of Beta-TCP and HA/Beta-TCP Composite Powders (2003) Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 23 (7), pp. 1039-1045; 
Lu, J.X., Gallur, A., Flautre, B., Anselme, K., Descamps, M., Thierry, B., Comparative Study of Tissue Reactions to Calcium Phosphate Ceramics among Cancellous, Cortical, and Medullar Bone Sites in Rabbits (1998) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 42 (3), pp. 357-367; 
Yuan, H.P., De Bruijn, J.D., Li, Y.B., Feng, J.Q., Yang, Z.J., De Groot, K., Zhang, X.D., Bone Formation Induced by Calcium Phosphate Ceramics in Soft Tissue of Dogs: A Comparative Study Between Porous α-TCP and Β-TCP (2001) Journal of Materials Science-Materials in Medicine, 12 (1), pp. 7-13; 
Jiaxi, L., Michel, D., Jacques, D., Gilles, K., Pierre, H., Jacques, L., The Biodegradation Mechanism of Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials in Bone Journal of Biomedical Materials Research (Applied Biomaterials), 63, pp. 408-412; 
Legeros, R.Z., Biodegradation and Bioresorption of Calcium Phosphate Ceramics (1993) Clinic Materials, 14, pp. 65-88; 
Yli-Urpo, H., Vallittu, P.K., Narhi, T.O., Forsback, A.P., Vakiparta, M., Release of Silica, Calcium, Phosphorus, and Fluoride from Glass Ionomer Cement Containing Bioactive Glass (2004) Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 19 (1), pp. 5-20; 
John, A., Varma, H.K., Kumari, T.V., Surface Reactivity of Calcium Phosphate based Ceramics in a Cell Culture System (2003) Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 18 (1), pp. 63-78; 
Dias, A.G., Lopes, M.A., Gibson, I.R., Skakle, J.M.S., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Santos, J.D., Studies of Calcium Phosphate Glass Ceramic Containing TiO 2 and MgO Ions: Dissolution Behavior, , vitro (submitted)
},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {253 - 266},
	abstract = {Two MK5 (45CaO-45P                        2O
                        5-5MGO-5K
                        2O, in mol\% and MT13 (45CaO-37P
                        2O
                        5-5MgO-13TiO 
                        2, in mol\%) glasses are prepared in the meta- and pyrophosphate regions and crystallized to obtain MK5B and MT13B, respectively. MK5B was obtained by controlled crystallization, and MT13B by powder sintering. As a result of these heat treatment processes, the crystalline phases precipitated in the glassy matrix are KCa(PO
                        3)
                        3, β-Ca(PO
                        3)
                        2, β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 and Ca
                        4P
                        6O
                        19 phases for MK5B and CaTi
                        4(PO
                        4)
                        6, TiP
                        2O
                        7, α- and β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 phases for MT13B. To assess the in vivo biological behavior of these glass ceramics, a mixed granulometry in the range 250-355 μm and 355-425 μm with a ratio of 1/1 was implanted for 2, 4, and 12 weeks in the tibiae of Japanese white rabbits. The results showed that the in vivo behavior was strongly affected by their solubility. All implanted materials, MK5B and MT13B, and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) as control material, showed signs of degradation in vivo. However, the levels of degradation were quite different throughout the implantation periods. The highest degradation was observed for MK5B glass ceramic and the lowest for MT13B with β-TCP in-between. All implanted materials allow for new bone formation in the bone defect area. At the longest implantation period (12 weeks), the MT13B and β-TCP materials were almost completely surrounded by new bone tissue, whereas MK5B showed some unfilled spaces. This behavior is discussed in terms of the high degradation observed in previous studies. {\textcopyright} 2006 SAGE Publications.
},
	keywords = {Absorbable Implants, animal, Animals, article, Biodegradable glass ceramics, biodegradable implant, Biodegradation, bone prosthesis, Bone Substitutes, bone tissue, Calcium Compounds, calcium phosphate, Calcium phosphates, ceramics, chemistry, disease model, Disease Models, Animal, glass, Glass ceramics, histology, Imaging techniques, In vivo testing, materials testing, Optical microscopy, Pathology, rabbit, Rabbits, Scanning electron microscopy, tibia fracture, Tibial Fractures, Tissue, treatment outcome, X ray diffraction analysis},
	isbn = {08853282 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-31644441745\&partnerID=40\&md5=68f1ef16695697c5125c50fd348eccb0},
	author = {Dias, A.G. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Afonso, A. and Tsuru, K. and Osaka, A. and Hayakawa, S. and Takashima, S. and Kurabayashi, Y.}
}
@book {2425,
	title = {Assessment of the potential of Bonelike{\textregistered} graft for bone regeneration by using an animal model},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {284-286},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Lobato, J.V.; ICBAS-Instituto de Ci{\^e}ncias Biom{\'e}dicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Largo Professor Abel Salazar 2, PT-4099-003 Porto, Portugal; email: jvlobato@netcabo.ptReferences: Santos, J.D., Hastings, G.W., Knowles, J.C., Sintered Hydroxyapatite Compositions and Method for the Preparation Thereof European Patent WO 0068164Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., Push-out Testing and Histological Evaluation of Glass Reinforced Hydroxyapatite Composites Implanted in the Tibia of Rabbits (2001) J.Biomed Mater Res, 54, pp. 463-469;Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Glass Reinforced Hydroxyapatite Composites; Secondary Phases Proportions and Densification Effects on Biaxial Bending Strength (1999) J.Biomed Mater Res, 48, pp. 734-740; 
Lopes, M.A., Monteiro, F.J., Santos, J.D., Glass Reinforced Hydroxyapatite Composites: Fracture Tougfiness and Hardness Dependence on Microstructural Characteristics (1999) Biomaterials, 2, pp. 2085-2090
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {877 - 880},
	abstract = {Bonelike{\textregistered} graft that mimics the inorganic composition of bone tissue has been developed and characterized over the last decade. To evaluate the osteoconductivity of Bonelike{\textregistered} two granule size ranges, one ranging from 150-250μm and the other from 250-500μm were implanted in the femurs of New Zealand White rabbits, aiming at being clinically used in different medical applications, such as dentistry and orthopaedics. In order to facilitate the medical application of the Bonelike{\textregistered} graft the use of a commercially available polymeric vehicle was also analyzed. Radiological examination, histological studies and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed that the surface of Bonelike{\textregistered} granules was almost completely surrounded by new bone formation after 12 weeks of implantation, which proves its highly osteoconductive behaviour.},
	keywords = {animal model, Animal models, Animals, Biomaterials, Biomedical engineering, Biomimetic materials, Bone, bone tissue, Bonelike graft, Bonelike{\textregistered} graft, Granular materials, In vivo studies, Scanning electron microscopy},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33744512103\&partnerID=40\&md5=8f2f8e274f848eb0b105fca4880c0db5},
	author = {Lobato, J.V. and Hussein, N.S. and Botelho, C.M. and Rodrigues, J.M. and Lu{\'\i}s, A.L. and Maur{\'\i}cio, A.C. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D.}
}
@book {2433,
	title = {Biological behaviour of Bonelike{\textregistered} graft implanted in the tibia of humans},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {284-286},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 4Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Gutierres, M.; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Hospital de S{\~a}o Jo{\~a}o, Largo Hern{\^a}ni Monteiro, 4200 Porto, Portugal; email: m.gutierres@clix.ptReferences: Bauer, T.W., Muschler, G.F., Bone Graft Materials. An Overview of the Basic Science (2000) Clin orthop Rel. Res, 371, pp. 10-27;Perry, C.R., Bone Repair Techniques, Bone Graft and Bone Graft Substitutes (1999) Clin Orthop Rel Res, 360, pp. 71-86; 
Ilan, D.I., Ladd, A.L., Bone graft substitutes (2003) Operative Tech. in plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 9 (4), pp. 151-160; 
Santos, J.D., Hastings, G.W., Knowles, J.C., Sintered Hydroxyapatite Compositions and Method for the Preparation Thereof European Patent WO 0068164Lopes, M.A., Glass reinforced hydroxyapatite composites: Structural, Physicochemical characterisation and Biological performance (1999), PhD thesis, FEUP, University of Porto, PortugalCoventry, M.B., Osteotomy of the upper portion of the tibia for degenerative arthritis of the knee: A preliminary report (1965) J. Bone Joint Surg.Am, 47, p. 984; 
Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., (2001) J.Biomed Mat Res, 54, pp. 463-469
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {1041 - 1044},
	abstract = {This paper reports the ability of Bonelike{\textregistered} to regenerate bone defected areas when implanted in the tibia of 3 patients (average age of 59 years) during a high tibial osteotomy (HTO) to treat medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee. Bonelike{\textregistered} is a synthetic bone graft designed to mimic the inorganic composition of bone using a patent process that consists of liquid sintering hydroxyapatite in the presence of CaO-P                        2O
                        5 based glass. The preliminary clinical evaluation performed showed that an intimate contact between new formed bone and Bonelike{\textregistered} was established (67{\textpm}10\%), with no fibrous interface. Therefore, Bonelike{\textregistered} is a single-handedly viable osteoconductive synthetic grafting material as it has been demonstrated from the profiles of radiological, histological and scanning electron microscopy analyses for the six months implantation period.
},
	keywords = {Biological behavior, Bone, Bonelike{\textregistered} graft, Clinical trials, histology, hydroxyapatite, Implants (surgical), Radiology, Scanning electron microscopy, Surgery, Synthetic grafting material},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33744540330\&partnerID=40\&md5=c7f109dc068a35ed53047b8426a85a1d},
	author = {Gutierres, M. and Hussain, N.S. and Afonso, A. and Almeida, L. and Cabral, T. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D.}
}
@book {2437,
	title = {In vitro biodegradability of chitosan-organosiloxane hybrid membrane},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {284-286},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 2Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Tsuru, K.; Faculty of Engineering, Biomaterial Laboratory, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; email: kanji@cc.okayama-u.ac.jpReferences: Chandy, T., Sharma, P.C., (1990) Biomat Art Cells Art Org, 18, pp. 1-24;Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., (2001) J Ceram Soc Japan, 109, pp. 403-408; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 4765-4773; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2004) Key Engineering Materials, 254-256, pp. 857-860; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2005) Biomaterials, 26, pp. 485-493; 
S. Prochazkova, K. M. V{\r a}rum, K. {\O}stgaard, Carbohydrate Polymers, 38 (1999), p. 115-122Brinker, J.C., Scherer, G.W., (1989) Sol-Gel Science, The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing, , Academic Press, San Diego
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {823 - 826},
	abstract = {Chitosan-silicate hybrid membranes were prepared using γ- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM) through a sol-gel process. The amino groups of chitosan chains were reacted with the epoxy groups of GPSM and GPSM have a function as the agent to cross-link the chitosan chains. The cross-linking degree of the hybrid membranes was determined by ninhydrin assay. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and                        29Si cross-polarization (CP) magic-angle spinning (MAS)-NMR spectroscopy were used to assess the structure of the hybrid membranes. The biodegradability of the hybrid membranes in phosphate-buffered saline solution or lysozyme solution was investigated as a function of the GPSM concentration.
},
	keywords = {biodegradability, Biological membranes, chitosan, Chitosan chains, Chitosan inorganic hybrid membranes, Chitosan-lnorganlc hybrid, Crosslinking, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, R- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane GPSM, Reaction kinetics, Silicates, Sol-gel process},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34249091650\&partnerID=40\&md5=51e1b69bd7dc1b4c23b022e4ec338e8a},
	author = {Tsuru, K. and Shirosaki, Y. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Fernandas, M.H.}
}
@article {2459,
	title = {In vitro cytocompatibility of MG63 cells on chitosan-organosiloxane hybrid membranes},
	journal = {BiomaterialsBiomaterials},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 55Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BIMADdoi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.02.056PubMed ID: 15276356Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Hayakawa, S.; Biomaterial Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama Univ., 3-1-1 T., Okayama-shi, Japan; email: satoshi@cc.okayama-u.ac.jpChemicals/CAS: calcium chloride, 10043-52-4; Alkaline Phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.1; Biocompatible Materials; Calcium, 7440-70-2; Chitosan, 9012-76-4; Cross-Linking Reagents; gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2530-83-8; Membranes, Artificial; Neoplasm Proteins; SilanesManufacturers: Chisso, Japan; Kasei, JapanReferences: Park, J.B., Lakes, R.S., (1992) Biomaterials An Introduction, pp. 223-234. , New York: Plenum Press;Wise, D.L., (2000) Biomaterials and Bioengineering Handbook, pp. 556-559. , New York: Marcel Dekker; 
Lee, Y.K., Mooney, J.D., Hydrogels for tissue engineering (2001) Chem Rev, 101, pp. 1869-1879; 
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},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {485 - 493},
	abstract = {Chitosan-silicate hybrids were synthesized using γ- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM) as the agent for cross-linking the chitosan chains. CaCl                        2 was introduced in the hybrids in expectation that it would improve cell adhesion and differentiation of the hybrid surfaces. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and 
                        29Si CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy were used to analyze the structures of the hybrids. Cytocompatibility of the hybrids was investigated in terms of proliferation of an osteoblastic cell line, MG63. The adhesion and proliferation of the osteoblastic cells cultured on the surface of a chitosan-GPSM hybrid without calcium were similar to those on a control culture plate, and were better than those on a chitosan membrane. The ALP activity of the cells cultured on this hybrid was higher than that on the chitosan membrane. Contrary to expectations, the incorporation of calcium ions into the hybrids did not improve cell attachment and proliferation on their surfaces. {\textcopyright} 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, article, artificial membrane, Biocompatibility, Biocompatible Materials, Bone Neoplasms, Calcium, calcium chloride, cell adhesion, Cell attachments, Cell culture, cell differentiation, Cell Division, Cell Line, Tumor, chitosan, chitosan derivative, controlled study, cross linking, Cross-Linking Reagents, Crosslinking, Cytocompatibility, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, human, human cell, Humans, hybrid, infrared spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, materials testing, Membranes, Artificial, MG63 osteoblastic cells, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Neoplasm Proteins, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Organic-inorganic hybrid, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, Osteosarcoma, priority journal, Silanes, Silicates, siloxane, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, structure analysis, surface property, Synthesis (chemical), wettability, γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM)},
	isbn = {01429612 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3242791810\&partnerID=40\&md5=a22c21444fa3d2843a8783bb42f6ebc1},
	author = {Shirosaki, Y. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Fernandes, M.H.}
}
@article {2471,
	title = {A comparative study of CaO-P                    2O
                    5-SiO
                    2 gels prepared by a sol-gel method
},
	journal = {Materials Chemistry and PhysicsMater Chem Phys},
	volume = {88},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 9Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: MCHPDdoi: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2004.06.015Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Hussain, N.S.; DEMM, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; email: sooraj@fe.up.ptReferences: Hench, L.L., (1991) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 74, p. 1487;Hench, L.L., Wilson, J., (1993) An Introduction to Bioceramics, , World Scientific, Singapore; 
Ohtsuki, C., Kokubo, T., Yamamuro, T., (1992) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 143, p. 84; 
Kokubo, T., Yoshihara, S., Nishimura, N., Yamamuro, T., Nakamura, T., (1991) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 74, p. 1739; 
Ota, Y., Iwashita, T., Kasuga, T., Abe, Y., Seki, A., (2001) Key Eng. Mater., 192-195, p. 421; 
Kasuga, T., Ota, Y., Nogami, M., Abe, Y., (1996) Phos. Res. Bull., 6, p. 75; 
Ota, Y., Kasuga, T., Abe, Y., (1997) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 80 (1), p. 225; 
Zhang, Y., Santos, J.D., (2000) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 227, p. 14; 
Yoldas, B.E., (1975) Ceram. Bull., 54, p. 286; 
Thomas, I.M., (1988) Sol-gel Technology for Thin Films, Fibres, Preforms, Electronics and Specialty Shapes, p. 2. , L.C. Klein (Ed.), Noyes, NJ; 
Brinker, C.J., Scherer, G.W., (1990) Sol-gel Science: The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-gel Processing, , Academic Press, New York; 
Hench, L.L., West, J.K., (1990) Chem. Rev., 90, p. 33; 
Hench, L.L., (1998) Sol-gel Silica: Properties, Processing and Technology Transfer, , Noyes, New Jersey; 
Salinas, A.J., Martin, A.I., Vallet-Reg{\'\i}, M., (2002) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 61 (4), p. 524; 
Laczka, M., Cholewa, K., Lazca-Osyczka, A., (1997) J. Alloys Comp., 248, p. 42; 
Roman, J., Padilla, S., Vallet-Reg{\'\i}, M., (2003) Chem. Mater., 15 (3), p. 798; 
Li, R., Clark, A.E., Hench, L.L., (1991) J. Appl. Biomater., 2, p. 231; 
R{\'a}mila, A., Vallet-Reg{\'\i}, M., (2001) Biomaterials, 22, p. 2301; 
Balas, F., Arcos, D., P{\'e}rez-Pariente, J., Vallet-Reg{\'\i}, M., (2001) J. Mater. Res., 16 (5), p. 1345; 
Peitl, O., Zanotto, E.D., Hench, L.L., (2001) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 292, p. 115; 
Casu, M., Casula, M.F., Corrias, A., Pachina, G., (2003) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 315, p. 97; 
Motke, S.G., Yawale, S.P., Yawale, S.S., (2002) Bull. Mater. Sci., 25 (1), p. 75; 
M{\'e}ndez-Vivar, J., Mendoza-Bandala, A., (2000) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 261, p. 127; 
Popa, M., Calderon-Moreno, J.M., Popescu, L., Kakihana, M., Torecillas, R., (2002) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 297, p. 290; 
Sooraj Hussain, N., Prabhakara Reddy, Y., Buddhudu, S., (2002) Spectrosc. Lett., 35 (2), p. 275; 
Mackenzie, J.D., (1986) Science of Ceramic Chemical Processing, p. 112. , L.L. Hench, D.R. Ulrich (Eds.), Wiley/Interscience; 
Aoki, H., (1991) Science and Medical Applications of Hydroxyapatite, , Jpn. Assoc. Apatite Sci. (JASS)
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {5 - 8},
	abstract = {This paper reports on the results concerning the preparation and systematic analysis of CaO-P                        2O
                        5-SiO
                        2 gels by a sol-gel process. The concentration of SiO
                        2 influence on these gels and found the results are very encouraging. Studies have revealed that the concentration of SiO
                        2 has a marginal influence on the phase formation of these gels. It has appreciable changes from less configured particles at lower values of concentration, with an ultimate growth in a highly crystalline fibrous nature at higher concentrations of SiO
                        2. The authors have examined the changes in the morphology of these gels by a scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive analyser (SEM/EDS techniques) and also from the profiles of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectral data and reported the crystalline product containing the fibrous β-Ca(PO
                        3)
                        2 as a major phase in the materials studied. {\textcopyright} 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
},
	keywords = {Bioactivity, Calcium Compounds, Calcium phosphosilicates, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Gels, morphology, Phase composition, Phase formation, Phosphorus Compounds, Scanning electron microscopy, Silica, Sol-gel process, Sol-gels, X ray diffraction analysis},
	isbn = {02540584 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-4644336194\&partnerID=40\&md5=14333a8b36bde426323bc7e90ad3386e},
	author = {Hussain, N.S. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D.}
}
@article {2483,
	title = {Crystallisation studies of biodegradable CaO-P                    2O
                    5 glass with MgO and TiO
                    2 for bone regeneration applications
},
	journal = {Glass TechnologyGlass Technol},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: GLSTALanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; INEB, Inst. de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: jdsantos@fe.up.ptReferences: Siligardi, C., D{\textquoteright}Arrigo, M.C., Leonelli, C., Sintering behavior of glass ceramics frits (2000) Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., pp. 88-92;Clarck, T.J., Reed, J.S., Kinetic processes involved in the sintering and crystallization of glass powders (1986) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 69 (11), pp. 837-846; 
Karmakar, B., Kundu, P., Jana, S., Dwivedi, R.N., Crystallization kinetics and mechanism of low-expansion lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramics by dilatometry (2002) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 85 (10), pp. 2572-2577; 
Zhang, Y., Santos, J.D., Crystallization and microstructure analysis of calcium phosphate-based glass ceramics for biomedical applications (2000) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 272 (1), pp. 14-21; 
Ryu, H.-S., Youn, H.-J., Chang, B.-S., Lee, C.-K., Chung, S.-S., An improvement in sintering property of β-tricalcium phosphate by addition of calcium pyrophosphate (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 909-914; 
Kitsugi, T., Yamamuro, T., Nakamura, T., Ota, M., Transmission electron microscopy observations at the interface of bone and four types of calcium phosphate ceramics with different calcium/phosphorous molar ratios (1995) Biomaterials, 16, pp. 1101-1107
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {78 - 79},
	abstract = {CaO-P                        2O
                        5 glass ceramics with small additions of MgO and TiO
                        2 were prepared in the ortho and pyrophosphate regions by powder sintering and crystallisation through heat treatment at different temperatures determined from differential thermal analysis (DTA). The glass ceramics were analysed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and it was observed that α- and β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 were the first phases to precipitate in the parent glass matrix at a temperature of 681{\textdegree}C, followed by CaTi
                        4(PO
                        4)
                        6 and TiP 
                        2O
                        7 at temperatures between 703 and 725{\textdegree}C. The β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 and CaTi
                        4(PO 
                        4)
                        6 phases are usually considered as biocompatible and bioactive and, therefore, these glass ceramics seem to show good potential for bone regeneration applications.
},
	keywords = {Biodegradation, Bone Regeneration, Crystallization, Differential thermal analysis, Diffractometers, Glass ceramics, Glass matrix, Glass transition, Laser diffraction, Lime, Magnesia, methanol, Monochromators, Precipitation (chemical), Temperature scanning, Titanium dioxide, X ray powder diffraction},
	isbn = {00171050 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3042549927\&partnerID=40\&md5=62f3cbbb74e944ac2e066db7432db201},
	author = {Dias, A.G. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Osaka, A.}
}
@book {2493,
	title = {Effect of the Solvents on the Solution Mixture Derived Polylactide/hydroxyapatite Composites},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {254-256},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Conference code: 62053Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Weng, W.; Dept. of Mat. Sci. and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; email: wengwj@zju.edu.cnReferences: Hench, L.L., (1998) Journal of American Ceramic Society, 81, p. 1705;Wang, M., (2003) Biomaterials, 24, p. 2133; 
Hao, J., Yuan, M., Deng, X., (2001) Biomaterials, 22, p. 2867; 
Ignjatovic, N., Tomic, S., Dakic, M., Miljkovic, M., Plavsic, M., Uskokovic, D., (1999) Biomaterials, 20, p. 809; 
Misra, D.N., (1988) Langmuir, 4, p. 953; 
Dean, J.A., (1999) Lange{\textquoteright}s Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), , McGraw-HILL, INC. New York
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {477 - 480},
	address = {Porto},
	abstract = {Polylactide/hydroxyapatite composites were prepared by a solution mixture method. Chloroform and tetrahydrofuran were used as solvents. The effect of the solvents on the polylactide/hydroxyapatite composites was investigated by TEM, mechanical properties, sedimentation time and UV-Vis transmission spectra. The results indicate that the polylactide/hydroxyapatite prepared using tetrahydrofuran as solvent has better dispersion of the hydroxyapatite filler in the matrix and larger bend strength than the one using chloroform as solvent. This is ascribed to the proper interaction between the solvent and hydroxyapatite filler.},
	keywords = {Bend strength, Composite, Composite materials, dispersion, Dispersions, Fillers, Heat treatment, Hydroxvapatite, hydroxyapatite, Polarity, polylactide, Sedimentation, Solutions, Solvent, Solvents, transmission electron microscopy, Ultraviolet radiation},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0346885571\&partnerID=40\&md5=4f0c563b563f23ea5102e4ef36cfd243},
	author = {Li, Y. and Weng, W. and Cheng, K. and Du, P. and Shen, G. and Han, G. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D.},
	editor = {Barbosa M.A. and Monteiro F.J. and Correia R. and Leon B.}
}
@book {2489,
	title = {In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Osteoblastic Cells Cultured on Chitosan-Organosiloxane Hybrid Membrane},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {254-256},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Conference code: 62053Cited By (since 1996): 2Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Shirosaki, Y.; Biomaterial Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama-shi 700-8530, JapanReferences: Chandy, T., Sharma, P.C., (1990) Biomat Art Cells Art Org, 18, pp. 1-24;Jameela, S.R., Jayakrishnan, A., (1995) Biomaterials, 16, pp. 769-775; 
Nishi, C., Nakajima, N., Ikada, Y., (1995) J Biomed Mater Res., 29, pp. 829-834; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayajkawa, S., Osaka, A., (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 4765-4773
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {857 - 860},
	address = {Porto},
	abstract = {Chitosan-silicate hybrids were synthesized using γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM) as the agent to cross-link the chitosan chains. Fourier-transform infrared (PT-IR) spectroscopy was used to analyze the structures of the hybrids. The swelling ability and the cytocompatibility of the hybrids were investigated as a function of the GPSM concentration. The swelling of the hybrids was suppressed by addition of GPSM. MG63 human osteoblastic cells were cultured on the hybrids. The adhesion and proliferation of the MG63 cells cultured on the chitosan-GPSM hybrid surface were improved comparing to that on chitosan membrane, regardless the GPSM concentration.},
	keywords = {Biocompatibility, Biological membranes, biosynthesis, Cell culture, Cells, chitosan, Chitosan-inorganic hybrid, Crosslinking, Cytocompatibility, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Organic polymers, Osteoblastic cell (MG63), Structural analysis, Synthetic polymers, Tissue, Tissue engineering, γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM)},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0346885502\&partnerID=40\&md5=80d45c86bb14c57c3b1a6b94b435e45d},
	author = {Shirosaki, Y. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Fernandes, M.H.},
	editor = {Barbosa M.A. and Monteiro F.J. and Correia R. and Leon B.}
}
@article {2506,
	title = {Creating maps: The construction of a lecture on the specialties of phenomena},
	journal = {Elaborar Mapas: A Constru{\c c}{\~a}o de um Discurso sobre a Espacialidade dos Fen{\'o}menosArquivos de MedicinaArq. Med.},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: ARQMELanguage of Original Document: PortugueseCorrespondence Address: Henrique Castiglione, L.; Depto. de Engenharia Cartografica, Univ. do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua S{\~a}o Francisco Xavier, 524, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; email: lhcasti@vetor.com.brReferences: Joly, F., (1997) A Cartografia, , Editora Papirus;MacEachren, A., (1995) How Maps Work: Representation, Visualization and Design, , The Guilford Press; 
Barcellos, C., Santos, S., (1997) Colocando Dados no Mapa: A Escolha da Unidade Especial de Agrega{\c c}{\~a}o e Integra{\c c}{\~a}o de Bases de Dados em Sa{\'u}de e Ambiente Atrav{\'e}s do Geoprocessamento, 6, pp. 21-29. , Informe epidemiol{\'o}gico do Sistema {\'U}nico de Sa{\'u}de, Brasil; 
Bertin, J., (1977) La Graphique et le Traitement Graphique de L{\textquoteright}information, , Flamarion; 
Dent, B., (1996) Cartography: Thematic Map Design, , WCB Publishers; 
Tyner, J., (1992) Introduction to Thematic Cartography, , Prentice Hall; 
Kraak, M., Ormeling, F., (1996) Cartography: Visualization of Spatial Data, , Longman; 
Monmonier, M., (1993) Mapping It Out: Expository Cartography for the Humanities and Social Sciences, , The University of Chicago Press; 
Dorling, D., Fairbaim, D., (1997) Mapping: Ways of Representing the World, , Longman
},
	month = {2003///},
	pages = {303 - 310},
	keywords = {audiovisual equipment, geography, information processing, interpersonal communication, medical education, medical specialist, review},
	isbn = {08713413 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-1842533211\&partnerID=40\&md5=c436eea1ef300362433b5c9d81c614af},
	author = {Henrique Castiglione, L. and De F{\'a}tima De Pina, M.}
}
@article {2513,
	title = {Effect of heat treatment on relative content of β-Ca                    2P
                    2O
                    7 crystalline phase in calcium phosphate glass-ceramics
},
	journal = {Kuei Suan Jen Hsueh Pao/ Journal of the Chinese Ceramic SocietyKuei Suan Jen Hsueh Pao},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KSYHALanguage of Original Document: ChineseCorrespondence Address: Li, Y.; Dept. of Mat. Sci. and Eng., Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou 310027, ChinaReferences: Hench, L.L., Bioceramics (1998) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 81, pp. 1705-1731;Kitsugi, T., Yamamuro, T., Nakamura, T., Four calcium phosphate ceramics as bone substitute for non-weight bearing (1993) Biomaterials, 14, pp. 216-221; 
Kitsugi, T., Yamamuro, T., Nakamura, T., Transmission electron microscopy observations at the interface of bone and four types of calcium phosphate ceramics with different calcium/phosphorus molar ratios (1995) Biomaterials, 16, pp. 1101-1107; 
Yu, B., Liang, K., Gu, S., (2002) J. Chin. Ceram. Soc., 30 (1), pp. 77-80; 
Kasuga, T., Sawada, M., Nogami, M., Biomaterials, bioactive ceramics prepared by sintering and crystallization of calcium phosphate invert glasses (1999) Biomaterials, 20, pp. 1415-1420; 
Zhang, Y., Santos, J.D., Microstructural characterization and in vitro apatite formation of CaO-P 2O 5-TiO 2MgO-Na 2O glass-ceramics (2001) J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 21, pp. 169-175; 
Kokubo, T., Ito, S., Sakka, S., Formation of a high strength bioactive glass ceramic in the system MgO-CaO-SiO 2-P 2O 5 (1986) J. Mater. Sci., 21, pp. 536-540; 
Hosono, H., Zhang, Z., Abe, Y., Porous glass-ceramics in the CaO-TiO 2-P 2O 5 system (1989) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 72, pp. 1587-1589; 
Zhang, Y., Santos, J.D., Crystallization and microstructure analysis of calcium phosphate-based glass ceramics for biomedical applications (2000) J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 272, pp. 14-21; 
Li, Y., Study on bioactive glass-ceramics in Na 2O-TiO 2-CaO-P 2O 5 system (2001), Chinese source, Dissertation, Hangzhou: Zhejiang UniversityKokubo, T., Surface chemistry of bioactive glass-ceramics (1990) J. Non.-Cryst. Solids, 120, pp. 138-151
},
	month = {2003///},
	pages = {669 - 672+677},
	abstract = {The 3Na                        2O-12TiO
                        2-57CaO-28P
                        2O
                        5 glass was heat-treated to form glass-ceramics under different conditions. The relationships between the heat-treatment conditions and the content of β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 in the glass-ceramics, bioactivity of the glass-ceramics were investigated. The experimental results show that the glass-ceramics contain crystalline phases of β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7, CaTi
                        4(PO
                        4)
                        6, NaTi
                        2(PO
                        4)
                        3 and TiP
                        2O
                        7 after heat-treatment, in which β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 crystalline phase is a dominant one; the content of β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 crystalline phase in the glass-ceramics increases with the increase of nucleation temperature and time; and the glass-ceramics with more β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 crystalline phase has a better bioactivity. The role of heat-treatment in increasing the content of β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 crystalline phase in the glass-ceramics is attributed to the crystallization of β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 involved in the simultaneous occurrence of the glass phase separation and nucleation processes. Due to the better ability of β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 in promoting bioactivity, the glass-ceramics with more β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 phase have stronger bioactivity. Therefore, the bioactivity of the glass-ceramics could be changed by heat treatment.
},
	keywords = {Bioactivity, Calcium Compounds, calcium phosphate, Crystalline materials, Crystalline phase, Crystallization, Glass ceramics, Glass-ceramics, Heat treatment, Nucleation, Phase separation, Phosphates},
	isbn = {04545648 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0347513558\&partnerID=40\&md5=1155e6484ca4dd506ea1406fd2544671},
	author = {Li, Y. and Weng, W. and Du, P. and Shen, G. and Han, G. and Santos, J.D. and Lopes, A.M.}
}
@article {2540,
	title = {Comparative effects of nacre water-soluble matrix and dexamethasone on the alkaline phosphatase activity of MRC-5 fibroblasts},
	journal = {Journal of Biomedical Materials ResearchJ. Biomed. Mater. Res.},
	volume = {57},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 20Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JBMRBdoi: 10.1002/1097-4636(200111)57:2<306::AID-JBM1172>3.0.CO;2-HPubMed ID: 11484195Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Lopez, E.; Lab. de Physiol. Gen. et Comparee, UMR CNRS 8572, Museum National d{\textquoteright}Histoire Naturelle, 7 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; email: lopez@mnhn.frChemicals/CAS: Alkaline Phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.1; BMP2 protein, human; Bmp2 protein, rat; bone morphogenetic protein 2; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; Dexamethasone, 50-02-2; Glucocorticoids; Transforming Growth Factor betaReferences: Lopez, E., Vidal, B., Berland, S., Camprasse, S., Camprasse, G., Silve, C., Demonstration of the capacity of nacre to induce bone formation by human osteoblasts maintained in vitro (1992) Tissue Cell, 24, pp. 667-679;Lopez, E., Berland, S., Le Faou, A., Nacre, osteogenic and osteoinductive properties (1994) Bull Inst Oc{\'e}an Monaco, 14, pp. 49-57; 
Silve, C., Lopez, E., Vidal, B., Smith, D.C., Camprasse, S., Camprasse, G., Couly, G., Nacre initiates biomineralization by human osteoblasts maintained in vitro (1992) Calcif Tissue Int, 51, pp. 363-369; 
Atlan, G., Balmain, N., Berland, S., Vidal, B., Lopez, E., Reconstruction of human maxillary defects with nacre powder: Histological evidence for bone regeneration (1997) C R Acad Sci III, 320, pp. 253-258; 
Atlan, G., Delattre, O., Berland, S., Le Faou, A., Nabias, G., Cot, D., Lopez, E., Interface between bone and nacre implants in sheep (1999) Biomaterials, 20, pp. 1017-1022; 
Lamghari, M., Almeida, M.J., Berland, S., Huet, H., Laurent, A., Milet, C., Lopez, E., Stimulation of bone marrow cells and bone formation by nacre: In vivo and in vitro studies (1999) Bone, 25 S, pp. 91S-94S; 
Westbroek, P., Marin, F., A marriage of bone and nacre (1998) Nature, 392, pp. 861-862; 
Le Faou, A., Berland, S., Lallier, F., Lopez, E., Osteoinductive effects induced by nacre implanted in subcutaneous pouches in rat (1995) Calcif Tissue Int, 56 A, p. 156; 
Le Faou, A., Berland, S., Lallier, F., Lopez, E., Local regulation of the osteoinductive process induced by nacre in connective tissues (1996) Ann Endoc, 57 (SUPPL. 4A), p. 75; 
Aubin, J.E., Liu, F., Malaval, L., Gupta, A.K., Osteoblast and chondroblast differentiation (1995) Bone, (SUPPL. 2), pp. S77-S83; 
Huggins, C.B., Urist, M.R., Dentin matrix transformation: Rapid induction of alkaline phosphatase and cartilage (1970) Science, 167, pp. 896-897; 
Reddi, A.H., Huggins, C.B., Biochemical sequences in the transformation of normal fibroblasts in adolescent rats (1972) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 69, pp. 1601-1605; 
Glowacki, J., Mulliken, J.B., Demineralized bone implants (1985) Clin Plast Surg, 12 (2), pp. 233-241; 
Katagiri, T., Yamaguchi, A., Ikeda, T., Yoshiki, S., Wozney, J.M., Rosen, V., Wang, E.A., Suda, T., The nonosteogenic mouse pluripotent cell line, C3H10T1/2, is induced to differentiate into osteobtastic cells by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (1990) Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 172, pp. 295-299; 
McCulloch, C.A.G., Tenenbaum, H.C., Dexamethasone induces proliferation and terminal differentiation of osteogenic cells in tissue culture (1986) Anat Rec, 215, pp. 397-402; 
Bellows, C.G., Aubin, J.E., Heersche, J.N.M., Physiological concentrations of glucocorticoids stimulate formation of bone nodules from isolated rat calvaria cells in vitro (1987) Endocrinology, 121, pp. 1985-1992; 
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},
	month = {2001///},
	pages = {306 - 312},
	abstract = {In this study we demonstrate, for the first time, that dexamethasone and BMP-2 stimulated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in MRC-5 fibroblasts, a cell line derived from human fetal lung. Previously we reported that the water-soluble matrix (WSM) of nacre obtained from the inner shell layer of the oyster Pinctada maxima, promoted an increase in ALP activity that was dose-dependent. In this work, we show that the effect of WSM is also time-dependent. As a comparison, the effect of WSM was also tested in bone marrow stromal cells because marrow and other bone surface-derived osteoblast stem cells have the inherent direct potential for osteogenesis. WSM promotes cell proliferation and ALP activity when tested with bone marrow cells in concentrations between 135 and 540 μg protein/mL. The effect of WSM on ALP activity of bone marrow stromal cells is similar to that obtained by dexamethasone. These results imply that MRC-5 fibroblasts respond to differentiating factors that promote osteoblastic phenotype in bone-derived cell cultures. {\textcopyright} 2001 John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, Animals, article, Biomedical engineering, BMP-2, Bone, bone development, bone marrow, Bone Marrow Cells, Bone morphogenetic proteins, Cell culture, Cell Line, cell proliferation, Cells, concentration response, dexamethasone, differentiation inducing factor, dose response, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, enzyme activity, fibroblast, Fibroblasts, Glucocorticoids, human, human cell, Humans, male, MRC-5 fibroblasts, Nacre, natural product, osteoblast, Ostreidae, oyster, phenotype, Proteins, Pulmonary diseases, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Solubility, stroma cell, time, Time Factors, Transforming Growth Factor beta, unclassified drug, Water, Water-soluble matrix},
	isbn = {00219304 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034769134\&partnerID=40\&md5=f0ec664a074b3a67745c806152793d54},
	author = {Almeida, M.J. and Pereira, L. and Milet, C. and Haigle, J. and Barbosa, M. and Lopez, E.}
}
@article {2634,
	title = {Liquid phase sintering of hydroxyapatite by phosphate and silicate glass additions: Structure and properties of the composites},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. MATER. SCI. MATER. MED.},
	volume = {6},
	year = {1995},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 41Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1007/BF00120303Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; INEB-National Inst. Biomedical Engn., Department Metallurgical Engineering, FEUP, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 4099-Porto Codex, Portugal},
	month = {1995///},
	pages = {348 - 352},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall Ltd},
	abstract = {Phosphate- and silicate-based glasses were added to hydroxyapatite in order to improve its mechanical properties and to fabricate composites with different degrees of bioactivity. A strong chemical bonding was obtained between hydroxyapatite and the phosphate-based glasses leading to samples approaching theoretical density, according to density measurements and scanning electron microscopy. Bioglass{\textregistered} additions led to the formation of a complex calcium phosphate silicate which hampered the reinforcement process. The fracture toughness of the hydroxyapatite-glass composites was shown to be within the 1.1-1.2 MPam(1/2) range, which is double that determined for sintered hydroxyapatite. A 2 μm thick apatite layer was observed on the surface of the hydroxyapatite-glass composites after 48 h immersion in a simulated human blood plasma, whereas only a few apatite crystals were detected on sintered hydroxyapatite after 7 days immersion. From the results obtained we anticipate that the composites might show a higher rate of bone bonding, leading to enhanced bioactivity.Phosphate- and silicate-based glasses were added to hydroxyapatite in order to improve its mechanical properties and to fabricate composites with different degrees of bioactivity. A strong chemical bonding was obtained between hydroxyapatite and the phosphate-based glasses leading to samples approaching theoretical density, according to density measurements and scanning electron microscopy. Bioglass
                        (R) additions led to the formation of a complex calcium phosphate silicate which hampered the reinforcement process. The fracture toughness of the hydroxyapatite-glass composites was shown to be within the 1.1-1.2 MPa m
                        1/2 range, which is double that determined for sintered hydroxyapatite. A 2 μm thick apatite layer was observed on the surface of the hydroxyapatite-glass composites after 48 h immersion in a simulated human blood plasma, whereas only a few apatite crystals were detected on sintered hydroxyapatite after 7 days immersion. From the results obtained we anticipate that the composites might show a higher rate of bone bonding, leading to enhanced bioactivity.
},
	keywords = {Adhesion, article, Bioactivity, Bioglass, Biomaterials, Bone, bone prosthesis, calcium phosphate, chemical binding, Chemical bonds, chemical composition, Chemical structure, Complex calcium phosphate silicate, Composite materials, crystal, density, Density measurement (specific gravity), glass, Human blood plasma, hydroxyapatite, Liquid phase sintering, Mechanical properties, Mechanics, phosphate, Phosphates, plasma, priority journal, Scanning electron microscopy, silicate, Silicates, Sintering, Structure (composition), surface property, thickness},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029311049\&partnerID=40\&md5=433498e286bfad74a296d1fafc50c223},
	author = {Santos, J.D. and Reis, R.L. and Monteiro, F.J. and Knowles, J.C. and Hastings, G.W.}
}
@article {2639,
	title = {Stability of hydroxylapatite plasma-sprayed coated Ti-6Al-4V under cyclic bending in simulated physiological solutions},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. MATER. SCI. MATER. MED.},
	volume = {5},
	year = {1994},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 35Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1007/BF00058983Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Reis, R.L.; INEB-National Inst. Biomedical Engn., Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 4099 Porto Codex, Portugal},
	month = {1994///},
	pages = {457 - 462},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall Ltd},
	abstract = {The aim of this research was to study the stability of plasma-sprayed coated metal systems and to evaluate their susceptibility to the occurrence of corrosion fatigue. Hydroxylapatite plasma-sprayed coated samples of Ti-6Al-4V were studied under cyclic bending. During fatigue testing samples were immersed in a simulated physiological solution and mechanical and electrochemical degradation were monitored. Applied loads were intended to crack the ceramic coating and not the metal substrate. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to further characterize the electrochemical behaviour. No increase in tendency to corrode was detected in open-circuit corrosion fatigue testing. It appears as if the coating cracking does not increase metal substrate corrosion susceptibility. The coating integrity has been seriously affected, with marked decrease in thickness, due to the synergistic effect of load and presence of simulated body fluids environment. Impedance results, however, show a general tendency to an increase in corrosion kinetics after corrosion fatigue testing.The aim of this research was to study the stability of plasma-sprayed coated metal systems and to evaluate their susceptibility to the occurrence of corrosion fatigue. Hydroxylapatite plasma-sprayed coated samples of Ti-6Al-4V were studied under cyclic bending. During fatigue testing samples were immersed in a simulated physiological solution and mechanical and electrochemical degradation were monitored. Applied loads were intended to crack the ceramic coating and not the metal substrate. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to further characterize the electrochemical behaviour. No increase in tendency to corrode was detected in open-circuit corrosion fatigue testing. It appears as if the coating cracking does not increase metal substrate corrosion susceptibility. The coating integrity has been seriously affected, with marked decrease in thickness, due to the synergistic effect of load and presence of simulated body fluids environment. Impedance results, however, show a general tendency to an increase in corrosion kinetics after corrosion fatigue testing.
},
	keywords = {article, Bending (deformation), biomaterial, biomechanics, body fluid, Ceramic coatings, ceramics, controlled study, Corrosion, Corrosion fatigue, Corrosion susceptibility, Degradation, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, electrochemistry, fatigue, Fatigue testing, hydroxyapatite, impedance, mechanical stress, Physiological solutions, Plasma spraying, priority journal, sodium chloride, Solutions, Spectroscopy, Stability, Substrates, thickness, Titanium, Titanium alloys},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0028447410\&partnerID=40\&md5=f863751be3003b31534dd128601835f8},
	author = {Reis, R.L. and Monteiro, F.J. and Hastings, G.W.}
}
