



@article {3415,
	title = {Bioactivity of surface tethered Osteogenic Growth Peptide motifs},
	journal = {Medchemcomm},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Times Cited: 0},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {899-903},
	isbn = {2040-2503},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000338431500007},
	author = {Panseri, Silvia and Russo, Laura and Montesi, Monica and Taraballi, Francesca and Cunha, Carla and Marcacci, Maurilio and Cipolla, Laura}
}
@article {3411,
	title = {A critical appraisal of the evidence for using cardiotocography plus ECG ST interval analysis for fetal surveillance in labor. Part I: the randomized controlled trials},
	journal = {Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica},
	volume = {93},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Si},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {556-568},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000337566200007},
	author = {Olofsson, Per and Ayres-de-Campos, Diogo and Kessler, Joerg and Tendal, Britta and Yli, Branka M. and Devoe, Lawrence}
}
@article {3406,
	title = {Endoplasmic Reticulum Degradation-Enhancing alpha-Mannosidase-like Protein 1 Targets Misfolded HLA-B27 Dimers for Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation},
	journal = {Arthritis \& Rheumatology},
	volume = {66},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {2976-2988},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000344349500008},
	author = {Guiliano, David B. and Fussell, Helen and Lenart, Izabela and Tsao, Edward and Nesbeth, Darren and Fletcher, Adam J. and Campbell, Elaine C. and Yousaf, Nasim and Williams, Sarah and Santos, Susana and Cameron, Amy and Towers, Greg J. and Kellam, Paul and Hebert, Daniel N. and Gould, Keith G. and Powis, Simon J. and Antoniou, Antony N.}
}
@article {3328,
	title = {Ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus infection in renal transplantation},
	journal = {Clinical Kidney Journal},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {210 - 213},
	keywords = {cytomegalovirus infection, ganciclovir resistance},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84897409543\&partnerID=40\&md5=af3bc36958fba967d5c9f98953d03572},
	author = {Vaz, R. and Barros, F. and Tavares, I. and Bustorff, M. and Ferreira, I. and Pestana, M.}
}
@article {3303,
	title = {Hippo pathway effectors control cardiac progenitor cell fate by acting as dynamic sensors of substrate mechanics and nanostructure},
	journal = {ACS Nano},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):4Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {2033 - 2047},
	abstract = {Stem cell responsiveness to extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and mechanical cues has been the subject of a number of investigations so far, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying stem cell mechano-biology still need full clarification. Here we demonstrate that the paralog proteins YAP and TAZ exert a crucial role in adult cardiac progenitor cell mechano-sensing and fate decision. Cardiac progenitors respond to dynamic modifications in substrate rigidity and nanopattern by promptly changing YAP/TAZ intracellular localization. We identify a novel activity of YAP and TAZ in the regulation of tubulogenesis in 3D environments and highlight a role for YAP/TAZ in cardiac progenitor proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, we show that YAP/TAZ expression is triggered in the heart cells located at the infarct border zone. Our results suggest a fundamental role for the YAP/TAZ axis in the response of resident progenitor cells to the modifications in microenvironment nanostructure and mechanics, thereby contributing to the maintenance of myocardial homeostasis in the adult heart. These proteins are indicated as potential targets to control cardiac progenitor cell fate by materials design. {\textcopyright} 2014 American Chemical Society.},
	keywords = {adult cardiac progenitor cell, cardiac differentiation, mechano- transduction, substrate nanotopography, YAP/TAZ},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896911335\&partnerID=40\&md5=c15ea687a167227f6d91e71dcc812590},
	author = {Mosqueira, D. and Pagliari, S. and Uto, K and Ebara, M and Romanazzo, S. and Escobedo-Lucea, C and Nakanishi, J and Taniguchi, A and Franzese, O and Di Nardo, P. and Goumans, MJ and Traversa, E and Pinto-Do-{\'O}, P. and Aoyagi, T. and Forte, G.}
}
@article {3305,
	title = {Human umbilical cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells attenuate remodeling after myocardial infarction by proangiogenic, antiapoptotic, and endogenous cell-activation mechanisms},
	journal = {Stem Cell Research and Therapy},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):2Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	abstract = {Introduction. Among the plethora of cells under investigation to restore a functional myocardium, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been granted considerable interest. However, whereas the beneficial effects of bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) in the context of the diseased heart are widely reported, data are still scarce on MSCs from the umbilical cord matrix (UCM-MSCs). Herein we report on the effect of UCM-MSC transplantation to the infarcted murine heart, seconded by the dissection of the molecular mechanisms at play. Methods. Human umbilical cord tissue-derived MSCs (UCX{\textregistered}), obtained by using a proprietary technology developed by ECBio, were delivered via intramyocardial injection to C57BL/6 females subjected to permanent ligation of the left descending coronary artery. Moreover, medium produced by cultured UCX{\textregistered} preconditioned under normoxia (CM) or hypoxia (CMH) was collected for subsequent in vitro assays. Results: Evaluation of the effects upon intramyocardial transplantation shows that UCX{\textregistered} preserved cardiac function and attenuated cardiac remodeling subsequent to myocardial infarction (MI). UCX{\textregistered} further led to increased capillary density and decreased apoptosis in the injured tissue. In vitro, UCX{\textregistered}-conditioned medium displayed (a) proangiogenic activity by promoting the formation of capillary-like structures by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and (b) antiapoptotic activity in HL-1 cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia. Moreover, in adult murine cardiac Sca- 1{\textsection}ssup{\textsection}+{\textsection}esup{\textsection} progenitor cells (CPCs), conditioned medium enhanced mitogenic activity while activating a gene program characteristic of cardiomyogenic differentiation. Conclusions: UCX{\textregistered} preserve cardiac function after intramyocardial transplantation in a MI murine model. The cardioprotective effects of UCX{\textregistered} were attributed to paracrine mechanisms that appear to enhance angiogenesis, limit the extent of the apoptosis, augment proliferation, and activate a pool of resident CPCs. Overall, these results suggest that UCX{\textregistered} should be considered an alternative cell source when designing new therapeutic approaches to treat MI. {\textcopyright} 2014 Nascimento et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896713037\&partnerID=40\&md5=22fdca81d834ec78c8196552c3d250ae},
	author = {Nascimento, D.S. and Mosqueira, D. and Sousa, L.M. and Teixeira, M. and Filipe, M. and Resende, TP and Ara{\'u}jo, A.F. and Valente, M. and Almeida, J. and Martins, J.P. and Santos, J.M. and B{\'a}rcia, R.N. and Cruz, P. and Cruz, H. and Pinto-Do-{\'O}, P.}
}
@article {3302,
	title = {Injectable pectin hydrogels produced by internal gelation: PH dependence of gelling and rheological properties},
	journal = {Carbohydrate Polymers},
	volume = {103},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):5Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {339 - 347},
	abstract = {The production of injectable pectin hydrogels by internal gelation with calcium carbonate is proposed. The pH of pectin was increased with NaOH or NaHCO3 to reach physiological values. The determination of the equivalence point provided evidence that the pH can be more precisely modulated with NaHCO3 than with NaOH. Degradation and inability to gel was observed for pectin solutions with pH 5.35 or higher. Therefore, pectin solutions with pH values varying from 3.2 (native pH) to 3.8 were chosen to produce the gels. The increase of the pH for the crosslinked hydrogels, as well as the reduction of the gelling time and their thickening, was dependent upon the amount of calcium carbonate, as confirmed by rheology. Hydrogel extracts were not cytotoxic for L-929 fibroblasts. On the overall, the investigated formulations represent interesting injectable systems providing an adequate microenvironment for cell, drug or bioactive molecules delivery. {\textcopyright} 2013 Elsevier Ltd.},
	keywords = {Biomaterials, Internal gelation, Natural polymers, pectin, Tissue engineering},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84892575017\&partnerID=40\&md5=91c88ab2cf99ad8c279d1253e930ef01},
	author = {Moreira, H.R. and Munarin, F. and Gentilini, R. and Visai, L. and Granja, P.L. and Tanzi, M.C. and Petrini, P.}
}
@article {3262,
	title = {Long-term effects of chronic cocaine exposure throughout adolescence on anxiety and stress responsivity in a Wistar rat model},
	journal = {Neuroscience},
	volume = {277},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {343 - 355},
	abstract = {Adolescents display increased vulnerability to engage in drug experimentation. This is often considered a risk factor for later drug abuse. In this scenario, the permanent effects of cocaine exposure during adolescence on anxiety levels and stress responsivity, which may result in behavioral phenotypes prone to addiction, are now starting to be unveiled. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the long-lasting effects of chronic cocaine administration during adolescence, on anxiety-like behavior and on stress response. Adolescent male Wistar rats were daily administered 45-mg cocaine/kg of body weight in three equal intraperitoneal doses with 1-h interval, from postnatal day (PND) 35 to 50. The effects of cocaine administration on anxiety levels, assessed in the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), and on social stress response, assessed in the resident-intruder paradigm (R/I), were evaluated 10. days after withdrawal, when rats were reaching the adulthood. The underlying dopaminergic activity, and the corticosterone and testosterone levels were determined. Our results showed that cocaine induced long-lasting alterations in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenals (HPA) axis function and in testosterone levels. Such alterations resulted in significant and enduring changes in behavioral responses to environmental challenges, such as the EPM and R/I, including the evaluation of potential threats that may lead to high-risk behavior and low-benefit choices. This was further supported by an altered dopaminergic function in the amygdala and hippocampus. The present findings provide new insights into how the use of cocaine during adolescent development may modulate emotional behavior later in life. Compromised ability to recognize and deal with potential threats is an important risk factor to perpetuate compulsive drug seeking and relapse susceptibility. {\textcopyright} 2014 IBRO.},
	keywords = {Adolescence, anxiety, Cocaine, corticosterone, Dopaminergic system, Social stress},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84905366454\&partnerID=40\&md5=d2e5800617d04560c58988a8957e2a5b},
	author = {Alves, C.J. and Magalh{\~a}es, A. and Melo, P. and De Sousa, L. and Tavares, M.A. and Monteiro, P.R.R. and Summavielle, T.}
}
@article {3257,
	title = {Magnetic Bioinspired Hybrid Nanostructured Collagen-Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds Supporting Cell Proliferation and Tuning Regenerative Process},
	journal = {Acs Applied Materials \& Interfaces},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {15697-15707},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000342328300010},
	author = {Tampieri, Anna and Iafisco, Michele and Sandri, Monica and Panseri, Silvia and Cunha, Carla and Sprio, Simone and Savini, Elisa and Uhlarz, Marc and Herrmannsdoerfer, Thomas}
}
@article {3422,
	title = {A Multicompartment Holder for Spinner Flasks Improves Expansion and Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Three-Dimensional Scaffolds},
	journal = {Tissue Engineering Part C-Methods},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {984-993},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000345269800006},
	author = {Teixeira, Graciosa Q. and Barrias, Cristina C. and Lourenco, Ana H. and Goncalves, Raquel M.}
}
@article {3293,
	title = {The predominance of M2-polarized macrophages in the stroma of low-hypoxic bladder tumors is associated with BCG immunotherapy failure},
	journal = {Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {449 - 457},
	abstract = {Objective: Bacillus Calmette-Gu{\'e}rin (BCG) immunotherapy is the gold standard treatment for superficial bladder tumors with intermediate/high risk of recurrence or progression. However, approximately 30\% of patients fail to respond to the treatment. Effective BCG therapy needs precise activation of the type 1 helper cells immune pathway. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) often assume an immunoregulatory M2 phenotype and may directly interfere with the BCG-induced antitumor immune response. Thus, we aim to clarify the influence of TAMs, in particular of the M2 phenotype in stroma and tumor areas, in BCG treatment outcome. Patients and methods: The study included 99 patients with bladder cancer treated with BCG. Tumors resected before treatment were evaluated using immunohistochemistry for CD68 and CD163 antigens, which identify a lineage macrophage marker and a M2-polarized specific cell surface receptor, respectively. CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages were evaluated within the stroma and tumor areas, and high density of infiltrating cells spots were selected for counting. Hypoxia, an event known to modulate macrophage phenotype, was also assessed through hypoxia induced factor (HIF)-1α expression. Results: Patients in whom BCG failed had high stroma-predominant CD163+ macrophage counts (high stroma but low tumor CD163+ macrophages counts) when compared with the ones with a successful treatment (71\% vs. 47\%, P = 0.017). Furthermore, patients presenting this phenotype showed decreased recurrence-free survival (log rank, P = 0.008) and a clear 2-fold increased risk of BCG treatment failure was observed in univariate analysis (hazard ratio = 2.343; 95\% CI: 1.197-4.587; P = 0.013). Even when adjusted for potential confounders, such as age and therapeutic scheme, multivariate analysis revealed 2.6-fold increased risk of recurrence (hazard ratio = 2.627; 95\% CI: 1.340-5.150; P = 0.005). High stroma-predominant CD163+ macrophage counts were also associated with low expression of HIF-1α in tumor areas, whereas high counts of CD163+ in the tumor presented high expression of HIF-1α in tumor nests. Conclusions: TAMs evaluation using CD163 is a good indicator of BCG treatment failure. Moreover, elevated infiltration of CD163+ macrophages, predominantly in stroma areas but not in the tumor, may be a useful indicator of BCG treatment outcome, possibly owing to its immunosuppressive phenotype. {\textcopyright} 2014 Elsevier Inc.},
	keywords = {BCG immunotherapy, Bladder cancer, CD163, CD68, Tumor-associated macrophages},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84899473274\&partnerID=40\&md5=4716f90a43e05e83d41df6d643097edd},
	author = {Lima, L. and Oliveira, D. and Tavares, A. and Amaro, T. and Cruz, R. and Oliveira, M.J. and Ferreira, J.A. and Santos, L.}
}
@article {3301,
	title = {Primary bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells rescue the axonal phenotype of twitcher mice},
	journal = {Cell Transplantation},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):2Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {239 - 252},
	abstract = {Krabbe{\textquoteright}s disease (KD) is a demyelinating disorder caused by the deficiency of lysosomal galactocerebrosidase (GALC), affecting both the central (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). A current therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is ineffective at correcting the PNS pathology. We have previously shown that systemic delivery of immortalized bone marrow-derived murine mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) diminishes the neuropathology of transplanted Twitcher mice, a murine model of KD. In this study, to move one step closer to clinical application, the effectiveness of a systematic delivery of primary BM-MSCs to promote recovery of the Twitcher PNS was assessed. Primary BM-MSCs grafted to the Twitcher sciatic nerve led to increased GALC activity that was not correlated to decreased psychosine (the toxic GALC substrate) accumulation. Nevertheless, BM-MSC transplantation rescued the axonal phenotype of Twitcher mice in the sciatic nerve, with an increased density of both myelinated and unmyelinated axons in transplanted animals. Whereas no increase in myelination was observed, upon transplantation an increased proliferation of Schwann cell precursors occurred. Supporting these findings, in vitro, BM-MSCs promoted neurite outgrowth of Twitcher sensory neurons and proliferation of Twitcher Schwann cells. Moreover, BM-MSCs expressed nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and promoted increased BDNF synthesis by neighboring Schwann cells. Besides their action in neurons and glia, BM-MSCs led to macrophage activation in Twitcher sciatic nerves. In summary, primary BM-MSCs diminish the neuropathology of Twitcher sciatic nerves by coordinately affecting neurons, glia, and macrophages. {\textcopyright} 2014 Cognizant Comm. Corp.},
	keywords = {Axonal degeneration, Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs), Krabbe{\textquoteright}s disease (KD), Twitcher mice},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84893339069\&partnerID=40\&md5=51c17895a58b06f3b302616459dff62b},
	author = {Miranda, C.O. and Teixeira, C.A. and Sousa, V.F. and Santos,TE and Liz, M.A. and Marques,AM and Pinto-Do-{\'O}, P. and Sousa, M.M.}
}
@article {3327,
	title = {Role of protein environment and bioactive polymer grafting in the S. epidermidis response to titanium alloy for biomedical applications},
	journal = {Materials Science and Engineering C},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {176 - 183},
	abstract = {Joint implant-related infections, namely by Staphylococci, are a worldwide problem, whose consequences are dramatic. Various methods are studied to fight against these infections. Here, the proposed solution consists in grafting a bioactive polymer on joint implant surfaces in order to allow the control of the interactions with the living system. In this study, sodium styrene sulfonate, bearing sulfonate groups, was grafted on the surface of titanium alloys. Scanning Electron Microscopy, colorimetric method, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy and contact angle measurements were applied to characterize the surfaces. Bacterial adhesion studies were studied on poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) grafted Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al4V surfaces previously adsorbed by proteins involved in the bacteria adhesion process. Fibrinogen and fibronectin were demonstrated to increase staphylococcal adhesion on Ti6Al4V surfaces. Ti6Al4V grafted sodium styrene sulfonate surfaces inhibited the adhesion of Staphylococcus epidermidis in 37\% and 13\% on pre-adsorbed surfaces with fibrinogen and fibronectin, respectively. The mechanism of the observed inhibiting bacteria adhesion properties is related to the differences of proteic conformations induced by poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) grafting.},
	keywords = {Bacterial adhesion, Bioactive polymer, Poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) (polyNaSS), Protein adsorption, Surface modification, Titanium alloy},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84907482809\&partnerID=40\&md5=21d4fdd30e05852f6b8ce9a0dcf846cf},
	author = {Vasconcelos, D.M. and Falentin-Daudr{\'e}, C. and Blanquaert, D. and Thomas, D. and Granja, P.L. and Migonney, V.}
}
@article {3417,
	title = {Tools for address georeferencing - limitations and opportunities every public health professional should be aware of},
	journal = {PloS one},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {e114130-e114130},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:25469514},
	author = {Ribeiro, Ana Isabel and Olhero, Andreia and Teixeira, Hugo and Magalhaes, Alexandre and Pina, Maria Fatima}
}
@article {2833,
	title = {Co-expression network analysis and genetic algorithms for gene prioritization in preeclampsia},
	journal = {BMC Medical Genomics},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: ScopusArt. No.: 51},
	month = {2013///},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84887314151\&partnerID=40\&md5=3daae7034430deb7d1e057fa432b236d},
	author = {Tejera, E. and Bernardes, J. and Rebelo, I.}
}
@article {2879,
	title = {E-cadherin and adherens-junctions stability in gastric carcinoma: Functional implications of glycosyltransferases involving N-glycan branching biosynthesis, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases III and v},
	journal = {Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects},
	volume = {1830},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):1Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2013///},
	pages = {2690 - 2700},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84873589547\&partnerID=40\&md5=ea238ee2045a2bbfb910b24526aac863},
	author = {Pinho, S.S. and Figueiredo, J. and Cabral, J. and Carvalho, S. and Dourado, J. and Magalh{\~a}es, A. and G{\"a}rtner, F. and Mendon{\c c}a, A.M. and Isaji, T. and Gu, J. and Carneiro, F. and Seruca, R. and Taniguchi, N. and Reis, C.A.}
}
@article {2776,
	title = {Fibrinogen promotes resorption of chitosan by human osteoclasts},
	journal = {Acta Biomaterialia},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Export Date: 23 May 2013Source: ScopusArticle in Press},
	month = {2013///},
	pages = {6553-6562},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84873739793\&partnerID=40\&md5=5114933c69d12bf99e9785aca23b3011},
	author = {Torres, A.L. and Santos, S.G. and Oliveira, M.I. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@article {2862,
	title = {High biocompatibility and improved osteogenic potential of novel Ca-P/titania composite scaffolds designed for regeneration of load-bearing segmental bone defects},
	journal = {Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part A},
	volume = {101 A},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2013///},
	pages = {1612 - 1619},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84876296528\&partnerID=40\&md5=6721f219742ba18cfd907ca516ddcd07},
	author = {Cunha, C. and Sprio, S. and Panseri, S. and Dapporto, M. and Marcacci, M. and Tampieri, A.}
}
@article {2832,
	title = {The smart connective tissue of echinoderms: A materializing promise for biotech applications},
	journal = {Cahiers de Biologie Marine},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2013///},
	pages = {713 - 720},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84888251812\&partnerID=40\&md5=da72fa98c41a55cd98f71fdaec4b8424},
	author = {Barbaglio, A. and Tricarico, S. and Di Benedetto, C. and Fassini, D. and Lima, A.P. and Ribeiro, A.R. and Ribeiro, C.C. and Sugni, M. and Bonasoro, F. and Wilkie, L. and Barbosa, M. and Candia Carnevali, M.D.}
}
@book {2201,
	title = {Automatic assessment of Leishmania infection indexes on in vitro macrophage cell cultures},
	series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.},
	volume = {7325 LNCS},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Conference code: 91199Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1007/978-3-642-31298-4_51Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Leal, P.; Universidade Do Porto, Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Qu{\'\i}micaPortugalReferences: Castro, H., Sousa, C., Santos, M., Cordeiro-da-Silva, A., Floh{\'e}, L., Tom{\'a}s, A., Complementary antioxidant defence by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial peroxiredoxins in Leishmania infantum (2002) Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 33, pp. 1552-1562;Chen, X., Zhou, X., Wong, S., Automated segmentation, classification, and tracking of cancer cell nuclei in time-lapse microscopy IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Engineering, 53 (4), pp. 762-766; 
Marcuzzo, M., Quelhas, P., Campilho, A., Maria Mendon{\c c}a, A., Campilho, A., Automated arabidopsis plant root cell segmentation based on svm classification and region merging (2009) Computers in Biology and Medicine, 39 (9); 
Chen, Y., Ladi, E., Herzmark, P., Robey, E., Roysam, B., Automated 5-d analysis of cell migration and interaction in the thymic cortex from time-lapse sequences of 3-d multi-channel multi-photon images (2009) J. Immunol. Methods, 340 (1), pp. 65-80; 
Esteves, T., Quelhas, P., Mendon{\c c}a, A.M., Campilho, A., Gradient convergence filters and a phase congruency approach for in vivo cell nuclei detection Machine Vision and Applications, , in press; 
Schmitt, O., Hasse, M., Morphologic multiscale decomposition of connected regions with emphasis on cell clusters (2009) CVIU, 113 (2), pp. 188-201; 
Usaj, M., Torkar, D., Kanduser, M., Miklavcic, D., Cell counting tool parameters optimization approach for electroporation efficiency determination of attached cells in phase contrast image (2010) Journal of Microscopy, 241 (3), pp. 303-314; 
Sezgin, M., Sankur, B., Survey over image thresholding techniques and quantitative performance evaluation (2003) Journal of Electronic Imaging, 13 (1), pp. 146-165; 
Lowe, D., Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints (2004) International Journal of Computer Vision; 
Lindberg, T., Scale-space theory: A basic tool for analysing structures at different scales (1994) Journal of Applied Statistics, pp. 11-24; 
Yan, P., Zhou, X., Shah, M., Wong, S.T.C., Automatic segmentation of high-throughput RNAi fluorescent cellular images (2008) IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed., 12 (1), pp. 109-117; 
CellNote: Plataforma para An?alise Assistida de Imagens, Bruno Afonso Da Cruz Lopes, , Master Thesis, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto
},
	month = {2012///},
	pages = {432 - 439},
	address = {Aveiro},
	abstract = {Evaluation of parasite infection indexes on in vitro cell cultures is a practice commonly employed by biomedical researchers to address biological questions or to test the efficacy of novel anti-parasitic compounds. In the particular case of Leishmania infantum, a unicellular parasite that parasitizes macrophages, infection indexes are usually determined either by visual inspection of cells directly under the microscope or by counting digital images using appropriate software. In either case assessment of infection indexes is time consuming, thus motivating the creation of automatic image analysis approaches that allow large scale studies of Leishmania-infected macrophage cultures. We propose a fully automated method for automatic evaluation of parasite infection indexes through the segmentation of individual macrophages nucleus and cytoplasm, as well as the segmentation and co-localization of the parasites in the image. To perform such analysis with robustness and increased performance we propose the use of local image filters tuned to the specific size of the objects to detect, in conjunction with image segmentation approaches. The objects size estimation is then improved through a learning feedback loop. Cytoplasm is detected by seeded watershed segmentation. Our approach obtains, for 86 images from 4 experiments, an average parasite infection index evaluation error of 2.3\%. {\textcopyright} 2012 Springer-Verlag.},
	keywords = {Automated methods, Automatic assessment, Automatic evaluation, Automatic image analysis, Cell culture, Cell nuclei detection, cell nucleus, Colocalization, Digital image, Enzyme inhibition, Feed-back loop, Image analysis, Image filters, Image segmentation, In-vitro, Leishmania, Leishmania infantum, Macrophage cells, Macrophage culture, Macrophages, microscopy image segmentation, Microscopy images, Parasite infection, Parasite-, Size estimation, Visual inspection, Watershed segmentation},
	isbn = {03029743 (ISSN); 9783642312977 (ISBN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84864131020\&partnerID=40\&md5=71523f4ff6de3e6ecc717c2fce28284a},
	author = {Leal, P. and Ferro, L. and Marques, M. and Rom{\~a}o, S. and Cruz, T. and Tom{\'a}, A.M. and Castro, H. and Quelhas, P.}
}
@booklet {2176,
	title = {Brain delivery of camptothecin by means of solid lipid nanoparticles: Formulation design, in vitro and in vivo studies},
	howpublished = {International Journal of PharmaceuticsInt. J. Pharm.},
	volume = {439},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusArticle in PressCODEN: IJPHDdoi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.09.054Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Martins, S.; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology/Centre of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences (LTF/CICF), Faemail: susana.martins@ff.up.pt},
	month = {2012///},
	pages = {49 - 62},
	abstract = {For the purpose of brain delivery upon intravenous injection, formulations of camptothecin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), prepared by hot high pressure homogenisation, were designed. Incorporation of camptothecin in the hydrophobic and acidic environment of SLN matrix was chosen to stabilise the lactone ring, which is essential for its antitumour activity, and for avoiding premature loss of drug on the way to target camptothecin to the brain.A multivariate approach was used to assess the influence of the qualitative and quantitative composition on the physicochemical properties of camptothecin-loaded SLN in comparison to plain SLN. Mean particle sizes of <=200. nm, homogenous size distributions and high encapsulation efficiencies (>90\%) were achieved for the most suitable formulations. In vitro release studies in plasma, showed a prolonged release profile of camptothecin from SLN, confirming the physical stability of the particles under physiological pH. A higher affinity of the SLN to the porcine brain capillary endothelial cells (BCEC) was shown in comparison to macrophages. MTT studies in BCEC revealed a moderate decrease in the cell viability of camptothecin, when incorporated in SLN compared to free camptothecin in solution. In vivo studies in rats showed that fluorescently labelled SLN were detected in the brain after i.v. administration. This study indicates that the camptothecin-loaded SLN are a promising drug brain delivery system worth to explore further for brain tumour therapy. {\textcopyright} 2012 Elsevier B.V.},
	keywords = {Brain capillary endothelial cells (BCEC), Brain delivery, Camptothecin, Multivariate analysis, Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), Surfactants},
	isbn = {03785173 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84867836553\&partnerID=40\&md5=74d025ee54b5f6569263167e0e4bcfd0},
	author = {Martins, S. and Tho, I. and Reimold, I. and Fricker, G. and Souto, E. and Ferreira, D. and Brandl, M.}
}
@article {2180,
	title = {Chitosan drives anti-inflammatory macrophage polarisation and pro-inflammatory dendritic cell stimulation.},
	journal = {European cells \& materialsEur Cell Mater},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusPubMed ID: 22828991Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Oliveira, M.I.Chemicals/CAS: chitosan, 9012-76-4; Antigens, CD86; Biocompatible Materials; Chitosan, 9012-76-4; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; IL10 protein, human; Interleukin-10, 130068-27-8; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha},
	month = {2012///},
	pages = {136 - 152; discussion 152-153},
	abstract = {Macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) share the same precursor and play key roles in immunity. Modulation of their behaviour to achieve an optimal host response towards an implanted device is still a challenge. Here we compare the differentiation process and polarisation of these related cell populations and show that they exhibit different responses to chitosan (Ch), with human monocyte-derived macrophages polarising towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype while their DC counterparts display pro-inflammatory features. Macrophages and DC, whose interactions with biomaterials are frequently analysed using fully differentiated cells, were cultured directly on Ch films, rather than exposed to the polymer after complete differentiation. Ch was the sole stimulating factor and activated both macrophages and DC, without leading to significant T cell proliferation. After 10 d on Ch, macrophages significantly down-regulated expression of pro-inflammatory markers, CD86 and MHCII. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly TNF-α, decreased with time for cells cultured on Ch, while anti-inflammatory IL-10 and TGF-β1, significantly increased. Altogether, these results suggest an M2c polarisation. Also, macrophage matrix metalloproteinase activity was augmented and cell motility was stimulated by Ch. Conversely, DC significantly enhanced CD86 expression, reduced IL-10 secretion and increased TNF-α and IL-1β levels. Our findings indicate that cells with a common precursor may display different responses, when challenged by the same biomaterial. Moreover, they help to further comprehend macrophage/DC interactions with Ch and the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory signals associated with implant biomaterials. We propose that an overall pro-inflammatory reaction may hide the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, likely relevant for tissue repair/regeneration.},
	keywords = {antibody specificity, Antigens, CD86, article, Biocompatible Materials, biomaterial, biosynthesis, CD86 antigen, Cell culture, cell differentiation, cell motion, Cell Movement, Cells, Cultured, chitosan, cytology, dendritic cell, Dendritic Cells, drug effect, flow cytometry, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, HLA antigen class 2, human, Humans, IL10 protein, human, immunology, interleukin 10, Interleukin-10, macrophage, Macrophages, metabolism, monocyte, Monocytes, Organ Specificity, transforming growth factor beta1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha},
	isbn = {14732262 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84868253478\&partnerID=40\&md5=5a496411709ccbe5d3d70de13b58b08a},
	author = {Oliveira, M.I. and Santos, S.G. and Oliveira, M.J. and Torres, A.L. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@book {2202,
	title = {Hand detection and tracking using the skeleton of the blob for medical rehabilitation applications},
	series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.},
	volume = {7325 LNCS},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Conference code: 91199Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1007/978-3-642-31298-4_16Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Gil-Jim{\'e}nez, P.; Universidad de Alcal{\'a}, Alcal{\'a} de Henares, Madrid, Spain; email: pedro.gil@uah.esReferences: Breuer, P., Eckes, C., M{\"u}ller, S., Hand Gesture Recognition with a Novel IR Time-of-Flight Range Camera-A Pilot Study (2007) LNCS, 4418, pp. 247-260. , Gagalowicz, A., Philips, W. (eds.) MIRAGE 2007. Springer, Heidelberg;Chang, C., Lin, C., (2001) LIBSVM: A Library for Support Vector Machines, , http://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~cjlin/libsvm, software available at; 
Cole, J., Crowle, S., Austwick, G., Slater, D.H., Exploratory findings with virtual reality for phantom limb pain; from stump motion to agency and analgesia (2009) Disability and Rehabilitation, 31 (10), pp. 846-854; 
Elgammal, A., Muang, C., Hu, D., Skin detection - A short tutorial (2009) Encyclopedia of Biometrics; 
G{\'o}mez-Moreno, H., Maldonado-Basc{\'o}n, S., Gil-Jim{\'e}nez, P., Lafuente-Arroyo, S., (2010) Goal Evaluation of Segmentation Algorithms for Traffic Sign Recognition, 11 (4), pp. 917-930. , July; 
Gonz{\'a}lez, R., Woods, R., (1993) Digital Image Processing, , Addison-Wesley; 
Von Hardenberg, C., B{\'e}rard, F., Bare-hand human-computer interaction (2001) Proceedings of the 2001 Workshop on Perceptive User Interfaces, PUI 2001, pp. 1-8; 
Hsieh, C.C., Liou, D.H., Lee, D., A real time hand gesture recognition system using motion history image (2010) 2010 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing Systems (ICSPS), 2, pp. V2394-V2398. , July; 
Imai, A., Shimada, N., Shirai, Y., 3-d hand posture recognition by training contour variation (2004) Proceedings of Sixth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, pp. 895-900. , May; 
Isaacs, J., Foo, J., Hand pose estimation for american sign language recognition (2004) Southern Symposium on System Theory, pp. 132-136; 
Lakshmi, J.K., Punithavalli, M., A survey on skeletons in digital image processing (2009) Digital Image Processing, pp. 260-269; 
Letessier, J., B{\'e}rard, F., Visual tracking of bare fingers for interactive surfaces (2004) Proceedings of the 17th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, UIST 2004, pp. 119-122. , ACM; 
Lewis, J.S., Kersten, P., McCabe, C.S., McPherson, K.M., Blake, D.R., Body perception disturbance: A contribution to pain in complex regional pain syndrome (2007) CRPS; 
McCabe, C.S., Haigh, R.C., Ring, E.F., Halligan, P.W., Wall, P.D., Blake, D.R., A controlled pilot study of the utility of mirror visual feedback in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome (type 1) (2003) Rheumatology, 42 (1), pp. 97-101; 
Murray, C.D., Patchick, E., Pettifer, S., Howard, T., Caillette, F., Kulkarni, J., Bamford, C., Investigating the efficacy of a virtual mirror box in treating phantom limb pain in a sample of chronic sufferers (2006) Disabil Human Dev., 5 (3), pp. 227-234; 
Nope, R., Sandra, E., Humberto Loaiza, C., Eduardo Caicedo, B., Estudio omparativo de t{\'e}cnicas para el reconocimiento de gestos por visi{\'o}n artificial (2009) Avances en Sistemas e Informtica, 5 (3); 
Oikonomidis, I., Nikolaos, K., Argyros, A.A., Efficient model-based 3d tracking of hand articulations using kinect (2011) Tracking Hand Articulations Using Kinect; 
Pugeault, N., Bowden, R., Spelling it out: Real-time ASL fingerspelling recognition IEEE Workshop on Consumer Depth Cameras for Computer Vision (2011); 
Ren, Z., Meng, J., Yuan, J., Zhang, Z., Robust hand gesture recognition with kinect sensor (2011) Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2011, pp. 759-760. , ACM; 
Yoruk, E., Konukoglu, E., Sankur, B., Darbon, J., Shape-based hand recognition (2006) IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 15 (7), pp. 1803-1815
},
	month = {2012///},
	pages = {130 - 137},
	address = {Aveiro},
	abstract = {This article presents an image processing application for hand detection and tracking using the 4-connected skeleton of the segmentation mask. The system has been designed to be used with techniques of virtual reality to develop an interactive application for phantom limb pain reduction in therapeutic treatments. One of the major contributions is the design of a fast and accurate skeleton extractor, that has proven to be faster than those available in the literature. The skeleton allows the system to precisely detect the position of all the interest points of the hand (namely the fingers and the hand center). The system, composed of both the hand detector and tracker, and the virtual reality application, can work in real-time, allowing the patient to watch the virtual image of his own hand on a screen. {\textcopyright} 2012 Springer-Verlag.},
	keywords = {blob skeleton, Hand detection, hand detection and tracking, Image analysis, Image processing applications, Interactive applications, Musculoskeletal system, phantom limb pain reduction, Therapeutic treatments, Virtual images, virtual reality},
	isbn = {03029743 (ISSN); 9783642312977 (ISBN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84864140682\&partnerID=40\&md5=39ee654bd93d52a92d0be5977cff42f7},
	author = {Gil-Jim{\'e}nez, P. and Losilla-L{\'o}pez, B. and Torres-Cueco, R. and Campilho, A. and L{\'o}pez-Sastre, R.}
}
@article {2207,
	title = {Methamphetamine mimics the neurochemical profile of aging in rats and impairs recognition memory},
	journal = {NeuroToxicologyNeuroToxicology},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2012},
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},
	month = {2012///},
	pages = {491 - 499},
	abstract = {Brain neurochemistry and cognition performance are thought to decline with age. Accumulating data indicate that similar events occur after prolonged methamphetamine (MA) exposure. Using the rat as a model, the present study was designed to uncover common alteration patterns in brain neurochemistry and memory performance between aging and prolonged MA exposure. To this end, animals were treated with a chronic binge MA administration paradigm (20. mg/kg/day from postnatal day 91 to 100). Three-age control groups received isovolumetric saline treatment and were tested at the MA age-matched period, and at 12 and 20 months. We observed that both MA and aged animals presented a long, but not short, time impairment in novelty preference and an increased anxiety-like behavior. Neurochemical analysis indicated similar MA- and age-related impairments in dopamine, serotonin and metabolites in the striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Thus, the present data illustrate that MA may be used to mimic age-related effects on neurotransmitter systems and advocate MA treatment as a feasible animal model to study neuronal processes associated with aging. {\textcopyright} 2012 Elsevier Inc.},
	keywords = {Accelerated aging, Age Factors, aging, animal behavior, animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, Animalia, Animals, anxiety, article, behavior change, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Brain Chemistry, controlled study, corpus striatum, dopamine, Exploratory Behavior, hippocampus, Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid, long term exposure, male, Memory Disorders, mental performance, Methamphetamine, Neurochemistry, neurotransmission, nonhuman, perinatal drug exposure, prefrontal cortex, priority journal, rat, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Rattus, recognition, Recognition (Psychology), Recognition memory, serotonin, sodium chloride, Time Factors},
	isbn = {0161813X (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84861188767\&partnerID=40\&md5=9c50ef658007fb37150c8b2d6d235d29},
	author = {Melo, P. and Magalh{\~a}es, A. and Alves, C.J. and Tavares, M.A. and De Sousa, L. and Summavielle, T. and Moradas-Ferreira, P.}
}
@conference {2200,
	title = {Proactive engineering},
	booktitle = {IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference, EDUCONIEEE Global Eng. Edu. Conf., EDUCON},
	series = {2012 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference, EDUCON 2012},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Conference code: 91215Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusArt. No.: 6201104doi: 10.1109/EDUCON.2012.6201104Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Duarte, C.; INESC TEC (Formerly INESC Porto), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 378, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalReferences: Gheorghe, C., Covrig, M., Uncuta, S., Popescu, M., Does the implementation of the Bologna process in higher technical education require a new approach to motivate the actors involved in the educational process? (2011) 7th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE{\textquoteright}2011), pp. 1-4. , May;(2011) Microelectronics Students{\textquoteright} Group, , http://usgroup.eu; 
(2011) BioStar, , http://biostar.fe.up.pt; 
Coke, P., Duarte, C., Cardoso, A., Tavares, V.G., De Oliveira, P.G., Network Infrastructure for academic IC CAD environments (2011) IEEE International Conference on Computer As A Tool (EUROCON{\textquoteright}2011), pp. 1-4. , Apr; 
Clarke, P., Students win training for being Cadence{\textquoteright}s fastest{\textquoteright} designers (2009) EE Times, , http://eetimes.eu, ID 217500055 May 14; 
Magalh{\~a}es, F., Oliveira, H.P., Campilho, A., (2010) SPD2010-Fingerprint Singular Points Detection Competition, , http://fe.up.pt/-spd2010/; 
Magalh{\~a}es, F., Oliveira, H.P., Matos, H., Campilho, A., (2011) HGC2011-Hand Geometric Points Detection Competition, , http://www.fe.up.pt/-hgc2011/; 
Duarte, C., Student group works on designs for a fully integrated wireless receiver (2009) IEEE Region 8 News, 2 (4), p. 9. , Dec; 
Dias, D., (2011) Computational Vision Applied to the Segmentation and Morphmetric Characterization of the Sciatic Nerve in Microscopic Images, , M.Sc. Thesis, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Jul; 
Martins, D., (2011) Biometric Recognition Based on the Texture Along Palmprint Principal Lines, , M.Sc. Thesis, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Jul; 
Matos, H., (2011) Hand Geometry Based Recognition System, , M.Sc. Thesis, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Jan; 
Soares, J., (2011) Uncalibrated Stereo Vision Applied to Breast Cancer Treatment Aesthetic Assessment, , M.Sc. Thesis, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Jul; 
Matos, H., Magalh{\~a}es, F., Oliveira, H.P., Cardoso, J.S., Hand geometry based recognition system-A new method with no constraints on image acquisition (2011) Proceedings of the 4th Meeting of Young Researchers of the University of Porto; 
Gaspar, D., Bre, L., Bishoff, N., Domingues, I., Mammograms image processing (2011) Proceedings of the 4th Meeting of Young Researchers of the University of Porto; 
Magalh{\~a}es, F., Oliveira, H.P., Campilho, A.C., A new method for the detection of singular points in fingerprint images (2009) Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision, pp. 157-162; 
Moreira, I.C., Amaral, I., Domingues, I., Cardoso, A., Cardoso, M.J., Cardoso, J.S., INbreast: Toward a full-field digital mammographic database (2011) Academic Radiology; 
Oliveira, H.P., Magalhaes, A., Cardoso, M.J., Cardoso, J.S., An accurate and interpretable model for BCCT.core (2010) Proceedings of the 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, pp. 6158-6161; 
(2011) IJUP-Junior Reasearch at UP, , http://ijup.up.pt, University of Porto
},
	month = {2012///},
	address = {Marrakech},
	abstract = {This paper presents two initiatives run by groups of engineering students at the University of Porto: the Microelectronics Students{\textquoteright} Group and BioStar. These groups are student-led initiatives that promote different scientific fields through self-guided projects. Both experiences have proven to be very successful in increasing the undergraduate student{\textquoteright}s interest in science and technology. This work reports the activities, organization and main methodologies employed by these groups, which can be seen as successful approaches to enhance the technical curriculum of students. {\textcopyright} 2012 IEEE.},
	keywords = {Curricula, Engineering education, Microelectronics, Project based learning, project-based learning, Science and Technology, Scientific fields, student-led initiatives, Students, Undergraduate students},
	isbn = {21659559 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84864143084\&partnerID=40\&md5=3b616738c3bc4fbca798784210235f95},
	author = {Duarte, C. and Oliveira, H.P. and Magalhaes, F. and Tavares, V.G. and Campilho, A.C. and De Oliveira, P.G.}
}
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Verkest, A., Weinl, C., Inz{\'e}, D., De Veylder, L., Schnittger, A., Switching the cell cycle. Kip-related proteins in plant cell cycle control (2005) Plant Physiol., 139, pp. 1099-1106; 
Wang, H., Qi, Q., Schorr, P., Cutler, A.J., Crosby, W.L., Fowke, L.C., ICK1, a cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor from Arabidopsis thaliana interacts with both Cdc2a and CycD3, and its expression is induced by abscisic acid (1998) Plant J., 15, pp. 501-510; 
Wildwater, M., Campilho, A., Perez-Perez, J.M., Heidstra, R., Blilou, I., Korthout, H., Chatterjee, J., Scheres, B., The RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED gene regulates stem cell maintenance in Arabidopsis roots (2005) Cell, 123, pp. 1337-1349; 
Willemse, J., Kulikova, O., de Jong, H., Bisseling, T., A new whole-mount DNA quantification method and the analysis of nuclear DNA content in the stem-cell niche of Arabidopsis roots (2008) Plant J., 55, pp. 886-894; 
Winter, D., Vinegar, B., Nahal, H., Ammar, R., Wilson, G.V., Provart, N.J., An "Electronic Fluorescent Pictograph" browser for exploring and analyzing large-scale biological data sets (2007) PLoS ONE, 2, pp. e718; 
Zhou, Y., Fowke, L.C., Wang, H., Plant CDK inhibitors: Studies of interactions with cell cycle regulators in the yeast twohybrid system and functional comparisons in transgenic Arabidopsis plants (2002) Plant Cell Rep., 20, pp. 967-975; 
Zhou, Y., Niu, H., Brandizzi, F., Fowke, L.C., Wang, H., Molecular control of nuclear and subnuclear targeting of the plant CDK inhibitor ICK1 and ICK1-mediated nuclear transport of CDKA (2006) Plant Mol. Biol., 62, pp. 261-278; 
Zhou, Y., Wang, H., Gilmer, S., Whitwill, S., Fowke, L.C., Effects of co-expressing the plant CDK inhibitor ICK1 and D-type cyclin genes on plant growth, cell size and ploidy in Arabidopsis thaliana (2003) Planta, 216, pp. 604-613
},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {641 - 660},
	abstract = {The integration of cell division in root growth and development requires mediation of developmental and physiological signals through regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase activity. Cells within the pericycle form de novo lateral root meristems, and D-type cyclins (CYCD), as regulators of the G                        1-to-S phase cell cycle transition, are anticipated to play a role. Here, we show that the D-type cyclin protein CYCD2;1 is nuclear in Arabidopsis thaliana root cells, with the highest concentration in apical and lateral meristems. Loss of CYCD2;1 has a marginal effect on unstimulated lateral root density, but CYCD2;1 is rate-limiting for the response to low levels of exogenous auxin. However, while CYCD2;1 expression requires sucrose, it does not respond to auxin. The protein Inhibitor-Interactor of CDK/Kip Related Protein2 (ICK2/KRP2), which interacts with CYCD2;1, inhibits lateral root formation, and ick2/krp2 mutants show increased lateral root density. ICK2/ KRP2 can modulate the nuclear levels of CYCD2;1, and since auxin reduces ICK2/KRP2 protein levels, it affects both activity and cellular distribution of CYCD2;1. Hence, as ICK2/KRP2 levels decrease, the increase in lateral root density depends on CYCD2;1, irrespective of ICK2/CYCD2;1 nuclear localization. We propose that ICK2/KRP2 restrains root ramification by maintaining CYCD2;1 inactive and that this modulates pericycle responses to auxin fluctuations. {\textcopyright} 2011 American Society of Plant Biologists.
},
	keywords = {Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis protein, Arabidopsis Proteins, Arabidopsis thaliana, article, ATP dependent 26S protease, cell cycle, cell cycle protein, Cell Cycle Proteins, cell nucleus, CycD2 protein, Arabidopsis, cycline, Cyclins, gene expression regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, genetics, growth, development and aging, ICK2 protein, Arabidopsis, indoleacetic acid derivative, Indoleacetic Acids, metabolism, mutation, plant root, Plant roots, proteasome, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex},
	isbn = {10404651 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79953123085\&partnerID=40\&md5=f1355f64db2bcf9f2d881104f23005eb},
	author = {Sanz, L. and Dewitte, W. and Forzani, C. and Patell, F. and Nieuwland, J. and Wen, B. and Quelhas, P. and de Jager, S. and Titmus, C. and Campilho, A. and Ren, H. and Estelle, M. and Wang, H. and Murray, J.A.H.}
}
@article {2234,
	title = {Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitors expressing delta-like 4 (Dll4) regulate tumor angiogenesis},
	journal = {PLoS ONEPLoS ONE},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 8Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusArt. No.: e18323doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018323Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Dias, S.; Angiogenesis Laboratory, CIPM/Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Lisbon, Portugal; email: sergidias@ipolisboa.min-saude.ptChemicals/CAS: fibronectin, 86088-83-7; vasculotropin, 127464-60-2; DLL4 protein, mouse; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane ProteinsReferences: Asahara, T., Masuda, H., Takahashi, T., Kalka, C., Pastore, C., Bone marrow origin of endothelial progenitor cells responsible for postnatal vasculogenesis in physiological and pathological neovascularization (1999) Circ Res, 85, pp. 221-228;Rafii, S., Lyden, D., Benezra, R., Hattori, K., Heissig, B., Vascular and haematopoietic stem cells: Novel targets for anti-angiogenesis therapy? (2002) Nat Rev Cancer, 2, pp. 826-835. , Review; 
Lyden, D., Hattori, K., Dias, S., Costa, C., Blaikie, P., Impaired recruitment of bone-marrow-derived endothelial and hematopoietic precursor cells blocks tumor angiogenesis and growth (2001) Nat Med, 7, pp. 1194-1201; 
Larrivee, B., Niessen, K., Pollet, I., Corbel, S.Y., Long, M., Minimal contribution of marrow-derived endothelial precursors to tumor vasculature (2005) J Immunol, 175, pp. 2890-2899; 
Peters, B.A., Diaz, L.A., Polyak, K., Meszler, L., Romans, K., Contribution of bone marrow-derived endothelial cells to human tumor vasculature (2005) Nat Med, 11, pp. 261-262; 
Pasquier, E., Dias, S., Endothelial progenitor cells: Hope beyond controversy (2010) Curr Cancer Drug Targets, 10 (8), pp. 914-921; 
Dudley, A.C., Udagawa, T., Melero-Martin, J.M., Shih, S.C., Curatolo, A., Bone marrow is a reservoir for proangiogenic myelomonocytic cells but not endothelial cells in spontaneous tumors (2010) Blood, 116 (17), pp. 2267-2271; 
Krebs, L.T., Xue, Y., Norton, C.R., Shutter, J.R., Maguire, M., Notch signaling is essential for vascular morphogenesis in mice (2000) Genes Dev, 14, pp. 1343-1352; 
Uyttendaele, H., Ho, J., Rossant, J., Kitajewski, J., Vascular patterning defects associated with expression of activated Notch4 in embryonic endothelium (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98, pp. 5643-5648; 
Duarte, A., Hirashima, M., Benedito, R., Trindade, A., Diniz, P., Dosage-sensitive requirement for mouse Dll4 in artery development (2004) Genes Dev, 18, pp. 2474-2478; 
Gale, N.W., Dominguez, M.G., Noguera, I., Pan, L., Hughes, V., Haploinsufficiency of delta-like 4 ligand results in embryonic lethality due to major defects in arterial and vascular development (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 101, pp. 15949-15954; 
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Oliner, J., Min, H., Leal, J., Yu, D., Rao, S., Suppression of angiogenesis and tumor growth by selective inhibition of angiopoietin-2 (2004) Cancer Cell, 6, pp. 507-516; 
Patel, N.S., Li, J.L., Generali, D., Poulsom, R., Cranston, D.W., Up-regulation of delta-like 4 ligand in human tumor vasculature and the role of basal expression in endothelial cell function (2005) Cancer Res, 65, pp. 8690-8697; 
Williams, C.K., Li, J.L., Murga, M., Harris, A.L., Tosato, G., Up-regulation of the Notch ligand Delta-like 4 inhibits VEGF-induced endothelial cell function (2006) Blood, 107, pp. 931-939; 
Caiado, F., Real, C., Carvalho, T., Dias, S., Notch pathway modulation on bone marrow-derived vascular precursor cells regulates their angiogenic and wound healing potential (2008) PLoS One, 3, pp. e3752; 
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Verheul, H.M., Pinedo, H.M., Possible molecular mechanisms involved in the toxicity of angiogenesis inhibition (2007) Nat Rev Cancer, 7, pp. 475-485; 
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Ridgway, J., Zhang, G., Wu, Y., Stawicki, S., Liang, W.C., Inhibition of Dll4 signalling inhibits tumour growth by deregulating angiogenesis (2006) Nature, 444, pp. 1083-1087; 
Moore, M.A., Hattori, K., Heissig, B., Shieh, J.H., Dias, S., Mobilization of endothelial and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by adenovector-mediated elevation of serum levels of SDF-1, VEGF, and angiopoietin-1 (2001) Ann N Y Acad Sci, 938, pp. 36-45. , discussion 45-37; 
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Leslie, J.D., Ariza-McNaughton, L., Bermange, A.L., McAdow, R., Johnson, S.L., Endothelial signalling by the Notch ligand Delta-like 4 restricts angiogenesis (2007) Development, 134, pp. 839-844; 
Trindade, A., Kumar, S.R., Scehnet, J.S., Lopes-da-Costa, L., Becker, J., Overexpression of delta-like 4 induces arterialization and attenuates vessel formation in developing mouse embryos (2008) Blood, 112, pp. 1720-1729; 
Huang, M.T., Mason, J.C., Birdsey, G.M., Amsellem, V., Gerwin, N., Endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-2 regulates angiogenesis (2005) Blood, 106, pp. 1636-1643; 
Deutsch, U., Schlaeger, T.M., Dehouck, B., Doring, A., Tauber, S., Inducible endothelial cell-specific gene expression in transgenic mouse embryos and adult mice (2008) Exp Cell Res, 314, pp. 1202-1216; 
Dias, S., Thomas, H., Balkwill, F., Multiple molecular and cellular changes associated with tumour stasis and regression during IL-12 therapy of a murine breast cancer model (1998) Int J Cancer, 75 (1), pp. 151-157; 
Scott, K.A., Holdsworth, H., Balkwill, F.R., Dias, S., Exploiting changes in the tumour microenvironment with sequential cytokine and matrix metalloprotease inhibitor treatment in a murine breast cancer model (2000) Br J Cancer, 83 (11), pp. 1538-1543
},
	month = {2011///},
	abstract = {Neo-blood vessel growth (angiogenesis), which may involve the activation of pre-existing endothelial cells (EC) and/or the recruitment of bone marrow-derived vascular precursor cells (BM-VPC), is essential for tumor growth. Molecularly, besides the well established roles for Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), recent findings show the Notch signalling pathway, in particular the ligand Delta-like 4 (Dll4), is also essential for adequate tumor angiogenesis; Dll4 inhibition results in impaired, non-functional, angiogenesis and reduced tumor growth. However, the role of BM-VPC in the setting of Notch pathway modulation was not addressed and is the subject of the present report. Here we show that SDF-1 and VEGF, which are produced by tumors, increase Dll4 expression on recruited BM-VPC. Mechanistically, BM-VPC activated, in a Dll4-dependent manner, a transcriptional program on mature EC suggestive of EC activation and stabilization. BM-VPC induced ICAM-2 and Fibronectin expression on EC, an effect that was blocked by a Dll4-specific neutralizing antibody. In vivo, transplantation of BM-VPC with decreased Dll4 into tumor-bearing mice resulted in the formation of microvessels with decreased pericyte coverage and reduced fibronectin expression. Consequently, transplantation of BM-VPC with decreased Dll4 resulted in impaired tumor angiogenesis, increased tumor hypoxia and apoptosis, and decreased tumor growth. Taken together, our data suggests that Dll4 expression by BM-VPC affects their communication with tumor vessel endothelial cells, thereby modulating tumor angiogenesis by affecting vascular stability. {\textcopyright} 2011 Real et al.},
	keywords = {angiogenesis, animal, animal cell, animal tissue, Animals, apoptosis, article, blood vessel, Blood Vessels, bone marrow, bone marrow cell, Bone Marrow Cells, cell activation, Cell Line, Tumor, cell proliferation, controlled study, cytology, delta like 4 protein, DLL4 protein, mouse, Endothelial Cells, endothelium cell, Female, Fibronectin, gene expression, gene expression regulation, genetics, human, human cell, Humans, hypoxia, in vitro study, in vivo study, intercellular adhesion molecule 2, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, membrane protein, Membrane Proteins, metabolism, Mice, mouse, Mus, neoplasm, Neoplasms, neovascularization (pathology), Neovascularization, Pathologic, neutralizing antibody, nonhuman, Notch receptor, Pathology, pericyte, protein expression, signal peptide, solid tumor, stem cell, stem cell transplantation, Stem cells, stromal cell derived factor 1, tumor cell line, tumor growth, unclassified drug, vascularization, vasculotropin},
	isbn = {19326203 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79953685607\&partnerID=40\&md5=60a33b7d91c1502050bc560303255881},
	author = {Real, C. and Rem{\'e}dio, L. and Caiado, F. and Igreja, C. and Borges, C. and Trindade, A. and Pinto-Do-{\'O}, P. and Yagita, H. and Duarte, A. and Dias, S.}
}
@article {2240,
	title = {Gene delivery into mesenchymal stem cells: A biomimetic approach using rgd nanoclusters based on poly(amidoamine) dendrimers},
	journal = {BiomacromoleculesBiomacromolecules},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 10Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BOMAFdoi: 10.1021/bm1012647PubMed ID: 21210673Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Tom{\'a}s, H.; CQM-Centro de Qu{\'\i}mica da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal; email: lenat@uma.ptChemicals/CAS: arginylglycylaspartic acid, 99896-85-2; firefly luciferase, 61970-00-1; Dendrimers; Oligopeptides; Poly(amidoamine); Polyamines; arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid, 99896-85-2References: Pierschbacher, M.D., Ruoslahti, E., (1984) Nature, 309, pp. 30-33;Ruoslahti, E., (1996) Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol., 12, pp. 697-715; 
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},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {472 - 481},
	abstract = {Poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (generations 5 and 6) with amine termini were conjugated with peptides containing the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequence having in view their application as gene delivery vectors. The idea behind the work was to take advantage of the cationic nature of dendrimers and of the integrin targeting capabilities of the RGD motif to improve gene delivery. Dendrimers were used as scaffolds for RGD clustering and, by controlling the number of peptides (4, 8, and 16) linked to each dendrimer, it was possible to evaluate the effect of RGD density on the gene delivery process. The new vectors were characterized in respect to their ability to neutralize and compact plasmid DNA (pDNA). The complexes formed by the vectors and pDNA were studied concerning their size, zeta potential, capacity of being internalized by cells and ability of transferring genes. Transfection efficiency was analyzed, first, by using a pDNA encoding for Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein and Firefly Luciferase and, second, by using a pDNA encoding for Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2. Gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells was enhanced using the new vectors in comparison to native dendrimers and was shown to be dependent on the electrostatic interaction established between the dendrimer moiety and the cell surface, as well as on the RGD density of nanoclusters. The use of dendrimer scaffolds for RGD cluster formation is a new approach that can be extended beyond gene delivery applications, whenever RGD clustering is important for modulating cellular responses. {\textcopyright} 2011 American Chemical Society.},
	keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence, Amino acids, animal cell, animal experiment, Animals, Arginine-glycine-aspartic acids, arginylglycylaspartic acid, article, Biomimetics, bone morphogenetic protein 2, Bone morphogenetic protein-2, Cell culture, Cell membranes, cell surface, Cell surfaces, cell survival, Cellular response, Cluster formations, Complexation, controlled study, dendrimer, Dendrimers, Electrostatic interactions, electrostatic precipitation, Encoding (symbols), Enhanced green fluorescent protein, Firefly luciferase, Functional polymers, Gene delivery, Gene delivery vectors, gene expression, gene targeting, Gene therapy, Gene transfer, Gene Transfer Techniques, gene vector, integrin, Integrins, male, Mesenchymal stem cell, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Molecular Structure, Nanoclusters, Nanostructures, New approaches, nonhuman, Oligopeptides, Organic acids, Peptides, plasmid DNA, Plasmid DNA (pDNA), polyamidoamine, Polyamidoamine dendrimers, Polyamines, priority journal, rat, Rats, Rats, Wistar, RGD motif, Scaffolds, Stem cells, Structure-Activity Relationship, Targeting capability, Transfection efficiency, Vectors, Zeta potential},
	isbn = {15257797 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79951658350\&partnerID=40\&md5=a3ef0b57d12de8efb52ba2bf445be126},
	author = {Pandita, D. and Santos, J.L. and Rodrigues, J. and P{\^e}go, A.P. and Granja, P.L. and Tom{\'a}s, H.}
}
@article {2239,
	title = {Non-viral gene delivery to mesenchymal stem cells: Methods, strategies and application in bone tissue engineering and regeneration},
	journal = {Current Gene TherapyCurr. Gene Ther.},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 8Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: CGTUAdoi: 10.2174/156652311794520102PubMed ID: 21182464Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Tom{\'a}s, H.; CQM-Centro de Qu{\'\i}mica da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universit{\'a}rio da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal; email: lenat@uma.ptReferences: Bianco, P., Robey, P.G., Simmons, P.J., Mesenchymal stem cells: Revisitinghistory, concepts, and assays (2008) Cell Stem Cell, 2, pp. 313-319;Marot, D., Knezevic, M., Novakovic, G.V., Bone tissue engineeringwith human stem cells (2010) Stem Cell Res Ther, 1, p. 10; 
Caplan, A.I., Review: Mesenchymal stem cells: Cell-based reconstructivetherapy in orthopedics (2005) Tissue Eng, 11, pp. 1198-1211; 
Caplan, A.I., Bruder, S.P., Mesenchymal stem cells: Building blocksfor molecular medicine in the 21st century (2001) Trends Mol Med, 7, pp. 259-264; 
Chen, F.H., Tuan, R.S., Mesenchymal stem cells in arthritic diseases (2008) Arthritis Res Ther, 10, p. 223; 
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},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {46 - 57},
	abstract = {Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from several tissues in the body, have the ability to selfrenewal, show immune suppressive properties and are multipotent, being able to generate various cell types. At present, due to their intrinsic characteristics, MSCs are considered very promising in the area of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this context, genetic modification can be a powerful tool to control the behavior and fate of these cells and be used in the design of new cellular therapies. Viral systems are very effective in the introduction of exogenous genes inside MSCs. However, the risks associated with their use are leading to an increasing search for non-viral approaches to attain the same purpose, even if MSCs have been shown to be more difficult to transfect in this way. In the past few years, progress was made in the development of chemical and physical methods for non-viral gene delivery. Herein, an overview of the application of those methods specifically to MSCs is given and their use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine therapeutic strategies highlighted using the example of bone tissue. Key issues and future directions in non-viral gene delivery to MSCs are also critically addressed. {\textcopyright} 2011 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.},
	keywords = {Animals, article, artificial chromosome, Bone and Bones, Bone Regeneration, bone tissue, Bone tissue engineering, cell based gene therapy, dendrimer, ex vivo gene transfer, Gene delivery, gene targeting, Gene therapy, Gene Transfer Techniques, gene vector, genetic transfection, human, Humans, in vivo gene transfer, liposome, Mesenchymal stem cell, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, nanomedicine, nanoparticle, Non-viral vectors, nonhuman, nonviral gene delivery system, polymer, protein expression, Regeneration, Regenerative Medicine, Tissue engineering, Tissue regeneration},
	isbn = {15665232 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79951686783\&partnerID=40\&md5=c9cc095fac56b04808553b19fd1f5f48},
	author = {Santos, J.L. and Pandita, D. and Rodrigues, J. and P{\^e}go, A.P. and Granja, P.L. and Tom{\'a}s, H.}
}
@article {2237,
	title = {Pectin-based injectable biomaterials for bone tissue engineering},
	journal = {BiomacromoleculesBiomacromolecules},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2011},
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},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {568 - 577},
	abstract = {A variety of natural polymers and proteins are considered to be 3D cell culture structures able to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) to promote bone tissue regeneration. Pectin, a natural polysaccharide extracted from the plant cell walls and having a chemical structure similar to alginate, provides interesting properties as artificial ECM. In this work, for the first time, pectin, modified with an RGD-containing oligopeptide or not, is used as an ECM alternative to immobilize cells for bone tissue regeneration. The viability, metabolic activity, morphology, and osteogenic differentiation of immobilized MC3T3-E1 preosteoblats demonstrate the potential of this polysaccharide to keep immobilized cells viable and differentiating. Preosteoblasts immobilized in both types of pectin microspheres maintained a constant viability up to 29 days and were able to differentiate. The grafting of the RGD peptide on pectin backbone induced improved cell adhesion and proliferation within the microspheres. Furthermore, not only did cells grow inside but also theywere able to spread out from themicrospheres and to organize themselves in 3D structures producing a mineralized extracellular matrix. These promising results suggest that pectin can be proposed as an injectable cell vehicle for bone tissue regeneration. {\textcopyright} 2011 American Chemical Society.},
	keywords = {3-D Cell culture, 3D Structure, 3T3 Cells, Adhesion, Alginate, animal cell, Animals, arginylglycylaspartic acid, article, Biocompatible Materials, Biopolymers, Bone, Bone and Bones, Bone Regeneration, bone tissue, Bone tissue engineering, Bone tissue regeneration, carbohydrate analysis, cell adhesion, Cell culture, cell differentiation, cell growth, cell metabolism, cell proliferation, cell spreading, cell structure, cell viability, Cells, Chemical modification, Chemical structure, controlled study, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Extracellular matrices, extracellular matrix, gene expression, immobilized cell, Immobilized cells, Injectable biomaterials, Injections, MC3T3-E1, Metabolic activity, Mice, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, microsphere, Microspheres, Mineralized extracellular matrixes, mouse, Natural polysaccharide, nonhuman, Oligopeptides, osteoblast, osteocalcin, Osteogenic differentiation, pectin, Pectins, Plant cell culture, Plant cell wall, Preosteoblasts, priority journal, RGD peptide, Three dimensional, Tissue engineering},
	isbn = {15257797 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79955409005\&partnerID=40\&md5=277a7d5e91116f9a03f144aabda0dd96},
	author = {Munarin, F. and Guerreiro, S.G. and Grellier, M.A. and Tanzi, M.C. and Barbosa, M.A. and Petrini, P. and Granja, P.L.}
}
@article {2816,
	title = {Systemic delivery of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells diminishes neuropathology in a mouse model of Krabbe{\textquoteright}s disease},
	journal = {Stem Cells},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):4Export Date: 2 October 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {1738 - 1751},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80054957115\&partnerID=40\&md5=460f6b3c9735980171039cf772450e6f},
	author = {Miranda, C.O. and Teixeira, C.A. and Liz, M.A. and Sousa, V.F. and Franquinho, F. and Forte, G. and Di Nardo, P. and Pinto-Do-{\'O}, P. and Sousa, M.M.}
}
@article {2277,
	title = {Biocompatibility and calcification of bovine pericardium employed for the construction of cardiac bioprostheses treated with different chemical crosslink methods},
	journal = {Artificial OrgansArtif. Organs},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 4Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: ARORDdoi: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2009.00978.xPubMed ID: 20633147Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Jorge-Herrero, E.; Biomateriales y Telemedicina, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Peine 7, planta 0, c/ Manuel de Falla 2, 28222Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain; email: ejorge.herrero@bioing.cph.esChemicals/CAS: calcium, 14092-94-5, 7440-70-2; glutaraldehyde, 111-30-8, 37245-61-7; Calcium, 7440-70-2; Cross-Linking Reagents; Glutaral, 111-30-8References: Grunkemeier, G.L., Rahimtoola, S.H., Artificial heart valves (1990) Annu Rev Med, 41, pp. 251-263;Vongpatanasin, W., Hillis, L.D., Lange, R.A., Prosthetic heart valves (1996) N Engl J Med, 335, pp. 407-416; 
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {E168 - E176},
	abstract = {The use of biological materials in the construction of bioprostheses requires the application of different chemical procedures to improve the durability of the material without producing any undesirable effects. A number of crosslinking methods have been tested in biological tissues composed mainly of collagen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility, the mechanical properties, and in vivo calcification of chemically modified bovine pericardium using glutaraldehyde acetals (GAAs) in comparison with glutaraldehyde (GA) treatment. Homsy{\textquoteright}s tests showed that the most cytotoxic treatment is GA whereas GAA treatments showed lower cytotoxicity. Regarding the mechanical properties of the modified materials, no significant differences in stress at rupture were detected among the different treatments. Zeta-Potential showed higher negative values for GA treatment (-4.9 {\textpm} 0.6 mV) compared with GAA-0.625\% (-2.2 {\textpm} 0.5 mV) and GAA-1\% (-2.2 {\textpm} 0.4 mV), which presented values similar to native tissue. Similar results were obtained for calcium permeability coefficients which showed the highest values for GA treatment (0.12 {\textpm} 0.02 mm                        2/min), being significantly lower for GAA treatments or non-crosslinked pericardium. These results confirmed the higher propensity of the GA-treated tissues for attraction of calcium cations and were in good agreement with the calcification degree obtained after 60 days implantation into young rats, which was significantly higher for the GA group (22.70 {\textpm} 20.80 mg/g dry tissue) compared with GAA-0.625\% and GAA-1\% groups (0.49 {\textpm} 0.28 mg/g dry tissue and 3.51 {\textpm} 3.27 mg/g dry tissue, respectively; P \&lt; 0.001). In conclusion, GAA treatments can be considered a promising alternative to GA treatment. {\textcopyright} 2010, International Center for Artificial Organs and Transplantation and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
},
	keywords = {acetal derivative, animal cell, animal experiment, animal tissue, Animals, article, Biocompatibility, Bioprostheses, Bioprosthesis, Bovinae, Calcification, Calcification, Physiologic, Calcium, cation, Cattle, Chemical modification, controlled study, Cross-Linking Reagents, Crosslinking, Cytotoxicity, Glutaral, glutaraldehyde, heart valve bioprosthesis, Heart, Artificial, in vitro study, materials testing, mechanical stress, nonhuman, pericardium, permeability, priority journal, rat, Rats, Rattus, Subcutaneous implantation, Tissue engineering, Zeta potential},
	isbn = {0160564X (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77952172654\&partnerID=40\&md5=bfd9eacf640d519719f005083ad7a1ae},
	author = {Jorge-Herrero, E. and Fonseca, C. and Barge, A.P. and Turnay, J. and Olmo, N. and Fern{\'a}ndez, P. and Lizarbe, M.A. and Garc{\'\i}a P{\'a}ez, J.M.}
}
@article {2270,
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	journal = {Una perspectiva de las cer{\'a}micas para restauraciones dentalesDYNADYNA},
	volume = {77},
	year = {2010},
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {26 - 36},
	abstract = {Dental ceramics are the preferred materials for oral restoration due to some characteristics, such as adequate esthetics, high fracture strength and chemical stability. Currently, dental professionals have a large amount of ceramic systems to choose from, all of them having small differences regarding their chemistry, processing temperatures, mechanical strength and clinical applications. These differences lead to classification systems that are difficult to understand by professionals outside the dental field. The aim of this work is to review the current dental ceramic systems and present them from a compositional perspective to assure the comprehension of these materials by professionals who belong to the Biomedical Engineering field. A great effort was made to avoid classification methods imposed by manufacturers and to obtain a quick compilation of available information from the literature allowing the reader to have a general view of the stateoftheart on dental ceramics.},
	keywords = {Ceramic systems, Feldspathic porcelain, Glassceramics, Leucite, Mechanical and physical properties, Zirconium oxide},
	isbn = {00127353 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80051564798\&partnerID=40\&md5=2e79174a5238798dfcce9d2b5d7f29e0},
	author = {Santander, S.A. and Vargas, A.P. and Escobar, J.S. and Monteiro, F.J. and Tamayo, L.F.R.}
}
@article {2265,
	title = {Characterization of two DLC coatings for joint prosthesis: The role of albumin on the tribological behavior},
	journal = {Surface and Coatings TechnologySurf. Coat. Technol.},
	volume = {204},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 6Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.04.022Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Serro, A.P.; Centro de Qu{\'\i}mica Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior T{\'e}cnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, TU Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; email: anapaula.serro@ist.utl.ptReferences: Donnet, C., Erdemir, A., (2009), Springer Science \& Business Media, New YorkGutensohn, K., Beythien, C., Bau, J., Fenner, T., Grewe, P., Koester, R., Padmanaban, K., Kuehnl, P., (2000) Thromb. Res., 99, p. 577;Cadosch, D., Chan, E., Gautschi, O.P., Simmen, H.-P., Filgueira, L., (2009) J. Orthop. Res., 27, p. 841; 
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {3451 - 3458},
	abstract = {A commonly used strategy for reduction of wear and friction of the sliding surfaces in prosthetic pairs is the use of hard coatings. DLCs (diamond like carbons) offer a promising solution, because these coatings, already used in other biomedical applications, exhibit a unique combination of chemical inertness, mechanical and tribological properties. In the present work we investigated the role of albumin, the most abundant protein in the periprosthetic fluid, on the tribological behavior of two DLCs with different compositions, against ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The results are compared with those obtained with uncoated stainless steel surfaces. We have characterized the coatings by atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, ultramicrohardness and wettability measurements. The adsorption of albumin onto the surfaces was investigated by ellipsometry and using a quartz crystal microbalance. Both DLCs adsorb a larger amount of protein than stainless steel. The tribological tests were performed in microtribometer aiming for a deeper understanding of the tribological mechanisms which occur at the submicrometric contact scale. Results showed no significant differences between the tribological behavior of the two coatings. Under the tested conditions, the tribological performance does not improve significantly with the application of the DLCs. Moreover, the presence of albumin on the lubricant leads to higher friction of the polymer against all counterfaces. This effect was attributed to the formation of bridges between the two sliding surfaces by the denaturated protein. The significant differences in the adsorbed amounts of protein onto the stainless steel and the two types of DLCs did not affect considerably the tribological behavior of these materials. {\textcopyright} 2010 Elsevier B.V.},
	keywords = {Adsorbed amount, Adsorption, Albumin adsorption, Atomic force microscopy, Atomic spectroscopy, Biomedical applications, Chemical inertness, Corrosion resistant alloys, Diamond like carbon, DLC coatings, Friction, Hard coatings, Joint prostheses, Mechanical and tribological properties, Mechanical properties, Microtribology, Microtribometer, Nonmetallic matrix composites, Oxide minerals, Polyethylenes, Proteins, Quartz, Raman spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, Sliding surface, Stainless steel, Stainless steel surface, Steel corrosion, Surfaces, Tribological behaviors, Tribological mechanism, Tribological performance, Tribological tests, Tribology, UHMW-PE, UHMWPE, Ultramicrohardness, Wear and friction, Wettability measurements, X ray diffraction},
	isbn = {02578972 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953715334\&partnerID=40\&md5=d724bda7404d809fed9bafb6a5a337e3},
	author = {Carapeto, A.P. and Serro, A.P. and Nunes, B.M.F. and Martins, M.C.L. and Todorovic, S. and Duarte, M.T. and Andr{\'e}, V. and Cola{\c c}o, R. and Saramago, B.}
}
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	title = {Functionalization of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers with hydrophobic chains for improved gene delivery in mesenchymal stem cells},
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {55 - 64},
	abstract = {A new family of gene delivery vectors is synthesized consisting of a medium-size generation PAMAM dendrimer (generation 5, with amine termini) core randomly linked at the periphery to hydrophobic chains that vary in length (12 to 16 carbon alkyl chains) and number (from 4.2 to 9.7 in average). The idea subjacent to the present work is to join the advantages of the cationic nature of the dendrimer with the capacity of lipids to interact with biological membranes. Unlike other amphiphilic systems designed for the same purpose, where the hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties coexist in opposite sides, the present vectors have a hydrophilic interior and a hydrophobic corona. The vectors are characterized in respect to their ability to neutralize, bind and compact plasmid DNA (pDNA). The complexes formed between the vectors and pDNA are analyzed concerning their size, ζ-potential, resistance to serum nucleases, capacity of being internalized by cells and transfection efficiency. These new vectors show a remarkable capacity for mediating the internalization of pDNA with minimum cytotoxicity, being this effect positively correlated with the -CH                        2- content present in the hydrophobic corona. Gene expression in MSCs, a cell type with relevancy in the regenerative medicine clinical context, is also enhanced using the new vectors but, in this case, the higher efficiency is shown by the vectors containing the smallest hydrophobic chains. {\textcopyright} 2010 Elsevier B.V.
},
	keywords = {amphophile, animal cell, animal experiment, article, Biological membranes, Biomedical applications, cation, Cations, Cell culture, cell membrane transport, cell type, Cellular uptake, controlled study, Cytotoxicity, dendrimer, Dendrimers, DNA, DNA binding, Dyes, Functional polymers, Gene delivery, gene delivery system, gene expression, Gene therapy, Gene transfer, Gene Transfer Techniques, gene vector, Genes, genetic transfection, Genetic Vectors, Humans, Hydrocarbons, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, internalization, lipid, Lipids, male, Mesenchymal stem cell, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, nonhuman, nuclease, Nucleic acids, plasmid DNA, Plasmids, Poly(amidoamine) dendrimers, polyamidoamine, Polyamidoamine dendrimers, priority journal, rat, Regenerative Medicine, Stem cells, Transfection, Vectors, Zeta potential},
	isbn = {01683659 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953239685\&partnerID=40\&md5=51dd40fc4a666fd362b5eaa2447703dd},
	author = {Santos, J.L. and Oliveira, H. and Pandita, D. and Rodrigues, J. and P{\^e}go, A.P. and Granja, P.L. and Tom{\'a}s, H.}
}
@article {2269,
	title = {Heparinized hydroxyapatite/collagen three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med.},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 8Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1007/s10856-010-4097-2PubMed ID: 20596760Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Teixeira, S.; Divis{\~a}o de Biomateriais, INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto 4150-180, Portugal; email: sandra_teixeira3@yahoo.comChemicals/CAS: collagen, 9007-34-5; cyanamide, 151-51-9, 420-04-2; heparin, 37187-54-5, 8057-48-5, 8065-01-8, 9005-48-5; hydroxyapatite, 1306-06-5, 51198-94-8; n hydroxysuccinimide, 6066-82-6; trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, 16655-63-3, 2508-19-2; Biocompatible Materials; Bone Substitutes; Collagen, 9007-34-5; Cross-Linking Reagents; Durapatite, 1306-06-5; Heparin, 9005-49-6; PolymersReferences: Rose, F.R., Cyster, L.A., Grant, D.M., Scotchford, C.A., Howdle, S.M., Shakesheff, K.M., In vitro assessment of cell penetration into porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds with a central aligned channel (2004) Biomaterials, 25 (24), pp. 5507-5514. , DOI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.01.012, PII S0142961204000134;Hong, Z., Zhang, P., He, C., Qiu, X., Liu, A., Chen, L., Chen, X., Jing, X., Nano-composite of poly(L-lactide) and surface grafted hydroxyapatite: Mechanical properties and biocompatibility (2005) Biomaterials, 26 (32), pp. 6296-6304. , DOI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.04.018, PII S0142961205003297; 
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Zhu, X., Eibl, O., Scheideler, L., Geis-Gerstorfer, J., Characterization of nano hydroxyapatite/collagen surfaces and cellular behaviors (2006) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part A, 79 (1), pp. 114-127. , DOI 10.1002/jbm.a.30706; 
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Teixeira, S., Rodriguez, M.A., Pena, P., De Aza, A.H., De Aza, S., Ferraz, M.P., Monteiro, F.J., Physical characterization of hydroxyapatite porous scaffolds for tissue engineering (2009) Mater Sci Eng C, 29 (5), pp. 1510-1514. , 10.1016/j.msec.2008.09.052 1:CAS:528:DC\%2BD1MXmtVarurg\%3D
},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {2385 - 2392},
	abstract = {Currently, in bone tissue engineering research, the development of appropriate biomaterials for the regeneration of bony tissues is a major concern. Bone tissue is composed of a structural protein, collagen type I, on which calcium phosphate crystals are enclosed. For tissue engineering, one of the most applied strategies consists on the development and application of three dimensional porous scaffolds with similar composition to the bone. In this way, they can provide a physical support for cell attachment, proliferation, nutrient transport and new bone tissue infiltration. Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate with a similar composition of bone and widely applied in several medical/dentistry fields. Therefore, in this study, hydroxyapatite three dimensional porous scaffolds were produced using the polymer replication method. Next, the porous scaffolds were homogeneously coated with a film of collagen type I by applying vacuum force. Yet, due to collagen degradability properties, it was necessary to perform an adequate crosslinking method. As a result, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) was employed as an efficient and non-toxic crosslinking method in this research. The composites were characterized by means of SEM, DSC and TNBS. Furthermore, heparin was incorporated in order to accomplish sustained delivery of a growth factor of interest namely, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP-2). BMP-2 binding and release of non-heparinized and heparinized scaffolds was evaluated at specific time points. The incorporation of heparin leads to a reduced initial burst phase when compared to the non heparinized materials. The results show a beneficial effect with the incorporation of heparin and its potential as a localized drug delivery system for the sustained release of growth factors. {\textcopyright} 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.},
	keywords = {Achilles Tendon, Animals, Apatite, article, Beneficial effects, Binding and release, Biocompatible Materials, Biological materials, Biomaterials, Bone, Bone and Bones, bone morphogenetic protein 2, Bone morphogenetic proteins, Bone Substitutes, bone tissue, Bone tissue engineering, Bony tissue, Calcium, calcium phosphate, Calcium phosphate crystals, Cattle, Cell attachments, Collagen, collagen degradation, collagen type 1, Collagen type I, controlled study, cross linking, Cross-Linking Reagents, Crosslinking, cyanamide, Degradability, differential scanning calorimetry, Drug delivery, drug delivery system, Durapatite, Grafts, Growth factor, heparin, Hydrogels, hydroxyapatite, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, n (3 dimethyllaminopropyl) n{\textquoteright} ethylcarbodiimide, n hydroxysuccinimide, N-hydroxysuccinimide, Nutrient transport, Peptides, polymer, Polymer replication, Polymers, Polysaccharides, porosity, Porous scaffold, priority journal, protein binding, Scaffolds, Scanning electron microscopy, SEM, Specific time, Structural proteins, Sustained release, Three dimensional, Three-dimensional porous scaffolds, Three-dimensional scaffolds, Tissue engineering, tissue scaffold, Tissue Scaffolds, trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, unclassified drug, vacuum, Vacuum force},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77956420058\&partnerID=40\&md5=a723fdb7ea856a5286080a1a4aab82a2},
	author = {Teixeira, S. and Yang, L. and Dijkstra, P.J. and Ferraz, M.P. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@article {2266,
	title = {An improved collagen scaffold for skeletal regeneration},
	journal = {Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part AJ. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2010},
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {371 - 379},
	abstract = {Bone repair and regeneration is one of the most extensively studied areas in the field of tissue engineering. All of the current tissue engineering approaches to create bone focus on intramembranous ossification, ignoring the other mechanism of bone formation, endochondral ossification. We propose to create a transient cartilage template in vitro, which could serve as an intermediate for bone formation by the endochondral mechanism once implanted in vivo. The goals of the study are (1) to prepare and characterize type I collagen sponges as a scaffold for the cartilage template, and (2) to establish a method of culturing chondrocytes in type I collagen sponges and induce cell maturation. Collagen sponges were generated from a 1\% solution of type I collagen using a freeze/dry technique followed by UV light crosslinking. Chondrocytes isolated from two locations in chick embryo sterna were cultured in these sponges and treated with retinoic acid to induce chondrocyte maturation and extracellular matrix deposition. Material strength testing as well as microscopic and biochemical analyzes were conducted to evaluate the properties of sponges and cell behavior during the culture period. We found that our collagen sponges presented improved stiffness and supported chondrocyte attachment and proliferation. Cells underwent maturation, depositing an abundant extracellular matrix throughout the scaffold, expressing high levels of type X collagen, type I collagen and alkaline phosphatase. These results demonstrate that we have created a transient cartilage template with potential to direct endochondral bone formation after implantation. {\textcopyright} 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, animal cell, animal tissue, Animals, article, Biocompatible Materials, Body fluids, Bone, Bone and Bones, Bone Regeneration, Cartilage, cartilage cell, Cattle, Cell culture, cell maturation, chick embryo, Chondrocytes, Collagen, collagen implant, collagen type 1, collagen type 10, Compressive Strength, controlled study, embryo, enchondral ossification, Endochondral ossification, extracellular matrix, freeze drying, Humans, immunohistochemistry, Ligaments, materials testing, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, nonhuman, Phosphatases, protein cross linking, Protein Isoforms, retinoic acid, Scaffolds, Scanning electron microscopy, Stress, Mechanical, Tissue engineering, tissue scaffold, Type I collagen, Type X collagen, Ultraviolet radiation},
	isbn = {15493296 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953822519\&partnerID=40\&md5=b16072278467a72588546ba56f337cc0},
	author = {Oliveira, S.M. and Ringshia, R.A. and Legeros, R.Z. and Clark, E. and Yost, M.J. and Terracio, L. and Teixeira, C.C.}
}
@article {2273,
	title = {In vitro study of the proliferation and growth of human bone marrow cells on apatite-wollastonite-2M glass ceramics},
	journal = {Acta BiomaterialiaActa Biomater.},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2010},
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {2254 - 2263},
	abstract = {This study concerns the preparation and in vitro characterization of an apatite-wollastonite-2M bioactive glass ceramic which is intended to be used for the regeneration of hard tissue (i.e. in dental and craniomaxillofacial surgery). This bioglass ceramic has been obtained by appropriate thermal treatment through the devitrification (crystallization) of a glass with a stoichiometric eutectic composition within the Ca                        3(PO 
                        4)2-CaSiO
                        3 binary system. Crack-free specimens of the bioglass ceramic were immersed in human bone marrow cell cultures for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days, in order to study biocompatibility. Cell morphology, proliferation and colonization were assessed by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. A total protein content assay was used to evaluate the viability and proliferation of cultured bone marrow cells. The results showed that the cells were able to adhere and proliferate on the designed material due to the essentiality of silicon and calcium as accessory factors for cell activity stimulation. {\textcopyright} 2009 Acta Materialia Inc. All rights reserved.
},
	keywords = {Apatite, Apatites, article, Bioceramics, Biocompatibility, bone marrow cell, bone prosthesis, Bone Substitutes, Calcium Compounds, calcium derivative, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, cell activity, cell adhesion, Cell culture, cell differentiation, cell enlargement, cell growth, cell proliferation, cell structure, cell viability, Cells, Cultured, ceramics, chemistry, confocal laser microscopy, crystal structure, Crystallization, cytology, glass, Glass ceramics, human, human cell, Humans, in vitro study, materials testing, Mesenchymal stem cell, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, methodology, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, physiology, priority journal, protein content, Scanning electron microscopy, silicate, Silicates, Surface Properties, surface property, Tissue regeneration, Wollastonite, X ray fluorescence},
	isbn = {17427061 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77956625645\&partnerID=40\&md5=426d361faf4a2e3f988754fc5822ea56},
	author = {Magallanes-Perdomo, M. and De Aza, A.H. and Mateus, A.Y. and Teixeira, S. and Monteiro, F.J. and De Aza, S. and Pena, P.}
}
@article {2276,
	title = {In vivo evaluation of highly macroporous ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering},
	journal = {Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part AJ. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A},
	volume = {93},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 6Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JBMRCdoi: 10.1002/jbm.a.32532PubMed ID: 19591232Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Teixeira, S.; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomaterials, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: sandra_teixeira3@yahoo.comChemicals/CAS: hydroxyapatite, 1306-06-5, 51198-94-8; Biocompatible Materials; Ceramics; Durapatite, 1306-06-5References: Jones, A.C., Milthorpe, B., Averdunk, H., Limaye, A., Senden, T.J., Sakellariou, A., Sheppard, A.P., Dwdw, H., Analysis of 3D bone ingrowth into polymer scaffolds via micro-computed tomography imaging (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 4947-4954;Aizawa, M., Shinoda, H., Uchida, H., Itatani, K., Okada, I., Matsumoto, M., Toyama, Y., Development and biological evaluation of apatite fibre scaffolds with large pore size and high porosity for bone regeneration (2003) Bioceramics, 240-242, pp. 647-650; 
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {567 - 575},
	abstract = {During the last decades, different materials of both natural and synthetic origin have been developed with the aim of inducing and controlling osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In order for that to happen, it is necessary that the material to be implanted obey a series of requirements, namely: osteoconduction, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Additionally, they must be low-priced, easy to produce, shape, and store. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a well known ceramic with a composition similar to the mineral component of bone and is highly biocompatible and easy to obtain and/or process. On the other hand, collagen is the main structural protein present in the human body and bone. In this study, a polymer replication method was applied and a highly porous HA scaffold was produced. Collagen was later incorporated to improve the biological properties of the scaffold while resembling the bone composition. The scaffolds were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. In vitro and in vivo testing was performed in all scaffolds produced. The goal of this study was to evaluate the in vivo osteogenic potential of MSCs from two different species seeded on the different HA based porous scaffolds with collagen type I. The results indicate that all scaffolds exhibit relevant bone formation, being more prominent in the case of the HA scaffolds. {\textcopyright} 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	keywords = {animal cell, animal experiment, animal model, Animals, article, Biocompatibility, Biocompatible Materials, Biodegradation, Bone, Bone and Bones, Bone formation, bone tissue, Calcium, Calcium alloys, calcium phosphate, Calcium phosphates, Cell Count, Cell culture, Cell Culture Techniques, Cells, Cultured, cellular distribution, Ceramic materials, ceramics, Collagen, collagen type 1, Durapatite, Energy dispersive spectroscopy, Flowcharting, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Humans, hydroxyapatite, Hydroxylation, in vitro study, In vivo bone formation, in vivo study, In-vivo, infrared spectroscopy, Macroporous, Macroporous scaffolds, male, materials testing, Mesenchymal stem cell, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Mice, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, nonhuman, ossification, Osteogenesis, porous polymer, rat, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Scaffolds, Scanning electron microscopy, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Stem cells, Tissue engineering, tissue scaffold, Tissue Scaffolds},
	isbn = {15493296 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77950190285\&partnerID=40\&md5=612e26b56020935c7b0b1c564bffa89a},
	author = {Teixeira, S. and Fernandes, H. and Leusink, A. and Van Blitterswijk, C. and Ferraz, M.P. and Monteiro, F.J. and De Boer, J.}
}
@article {2289,
	title = {Neuropeptide y expression and function during osteoblast differentiation - Insights from transthyretin knockout mice},
	journal = {FEBS JournalFEBS J.},
	volume = {277},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07482.xPubMed ID: 19954489Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Sousa, M. M.; IBMC, Rua Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: msousa@ibmc.up.ptChemicals/CAS: neuropeptide Y, 82785-45-3, 83589-17-7; Amides; DNA Primers; Neuropeptide Y; Prealbumin; RNA, MessengerReferences: McDonald, A.C., Schuijers, J.A., Shen, P.J., Gundlach, A.L., Grills, B.L., Expression of galanin and galanin receptor-1 in normal bone and during fracture repair in the rat (2003) Bone, 33, pp. 788-797;Pacifici, R., Cytokines, estrogen, and postmenopausal osteoporosis - The second decade (1998) Endocrinology, 139, pp. 2659-2661; 
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {263 - 275},
	abstract = {To better understand the role of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in bone homeostasis, as its function in the regulation of bone mass is unclear, we assessed its expression in this tissue. By immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated, both at embryonic stages and in the adult, that NPY is synthesized by osteoblasts, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Moreover, peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase, the enzyme responsible for NPY activation by amidation, was also expressed in these cell types. Using transthyretin (TTR) KO mice as a model of augmented NPY levels, we showed that this strain has increased NPY content in the bone, further validating the expression of this neuropeptide by bone cells. Moreover, the higher amidated neuropeptide levels in TTR KO mice were related to increased bone mineral density and trabecular volume. Additionally, RT-PCR analysis established that NPY is not only expressed in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), but is also detectable by RIA in BMSCs undergoing osteoblastic differentiation. In agreement with our in vivo observations, in vitro, TTR KO BMSCs differentiated in osteoblasts had increased NPY levels and exhibited enhanced competence in undergoing osteoblastic differentiation. In summary, this work contributes to a better understanding of the role of NPY in the regulation of bone formation by showing that this neuropeptide is expressed in bone cells and that increased amidated neuropeptide content is related to increased bone mass. {\textcopyright} 2009 FEBS.},
	keywords = {3T3 Cells, alpha amidating enzyme, Amidated neuropeptide, amidation, Amides, animal cell, animal tissue, Animals, article, Base Sequence, Bone Density, bone development, bone marrow cell, Bone Marrow Cells, Bone marrow stromal cells, bone mass, cartilage cell, cell differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Chondrocytes, controlled study, developmental stage, DNA Primers, embryo, embryo development, Homeostasis, immunohistochemistry, male, Mice, Mice, Knockout, mouse, Mus, neuropeptide Y, nonhuman, NPY, ossification, osteoblast, Osteoblastic differentiation, Osteoblasts, osteocyte, Osteocytes, peptide synthesis, prealbumin, priority journal, protein expression, protein function, radioimmunoassay, regulatory mechanism, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, RNA, Messenger, stroma cell, Stromal Cells, trabecular bone},
	isbn = {1742464X (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-73649127668\&partnerID=40\&md5=c25c87a8e1206fc9d2b878f9611581dd},
	author = {Nunes, A.F. and Liz, M.A. and Franquinho, F. and Teixeira, L. and Sousa, V. and Chenu, C. and Lamghari, M. and Sousa, M.M.}
}
@article {2252,
	title = {Proliferation and mineralization of bone marrow cells cultured on macroporous hydroxyapatite scaffolds functionalized with collagen type I for bone tissue regeneration},
	journal = {Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part AJ. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A},
	volume = {95},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 7Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JBMRCdoi: 10.1002/jbm.a.32600Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Teixeira, S.; Divis{\~a}o de Biomateriais, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto 4150-180, Portugal; email: sandra_teixeira3@yahoo.comChemicals/CAS: 1 (3 dimethylaminopropyl) 3 ethylcarbodiimide, 1892-57-5, 25952-53-8, 7084-11-9; DNA, 9007-49-2; hydroxyapatite, 1306-06-5, 51198-94-8; methylene blue, 61-73-4; n hydroxysuccinimide, 6066-82-6; Collagen Type I; Cross-Linking Reagents; DNA, 9007-49-2; Durapatite, 1306-06-5; Methylene Blue, 61-73-4Manufacturers: SigmarecticelReferences: Nair, M.B., Suresh Babu, S., Varma, H.K., John, A., A triphasic ceramic-coated porous hydroxyapatite for tissue engineering application (2008) Acta Biomaterialia, 4 (1), pp. 173-181. , DOI 10.1016/j.actbio.2007.07.004, PII S174270610700102X;Navarro, M., Ginebra, M.P., Planell, J.A., Zeppetelli, S., Ambrosio, L., Development and cell response of a new biodegradable composite scaffold for guided bone regeneration (2004) Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 15 (4), pp. 419-422. , DOI 10.1023/B:JMSM.0000021113.88702.9d; 
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},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {1 - 8},
	abstract = {This study concerns the preparation and in vitro characterization of functionalized hydroxyapatite (HA) porous scaffolds, which are intended to be used as drug-delivery systems and bone-regeneration matrices. Hydroxyapatite scaffolds were prepared using the polymer replication method, and, after being submitted to a specific sintering cycle, collagen Type I was incorporated on the surface. After the coating procedure, collagen was crosslinked using the N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) conjugation method. In this study, hydroxyapatite scaffolds with uncrosslinked and cross-linked Type I collagen were evaluated. Cell morphology and deposition of extracellular matrix were assessed by scanning electron microscopy, whereas cell distribution was visualized by means of methylene blue staining. MTS and total DNA quantification assays were used to evaluate the viability and proliferation of human bone marrow cells cultured on all the materials for 28 days. Results showed that the cells were able to adhere, proliferate, and form a mineralized matrix on the surface of all the materials. Furthermore, the cells were able to spread from one pore to another and form cell clusters. The results show that these scaffolds are good candidates to serve as drug delivery vehicles and for tissue engineering purposes. {\textcopyright} 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	keywords = {1 (3 dimethylaminopropyl) 3 ethylcarbodiimide, adult, Animal cell culture, Apatite, article, Automobile exhibitions, Bone, bone marrow cell, Bone Marrow Cells, bone matrix, bone mineralization, Bone Regeneration, bone tissue, Bone tissue regeneration, Calcification, Physiologic, cell adhesion, Cell clusters, Cell culture, Cell distribution, Cell morphology, cell proliferation, cell structure, cell viability, Cells, Cultured, cellular distribution, Ceramic materials, chemistry, Coating procedures, Collagen, collagen type 1, Collagen type I, conjugation, controlled study, cross linking, cross linking reagent, Cross-Linking Reagents, Crosslinked, cytology, Cytotoxicity, DNA, DNA quantification, drug conjugation, Drug delivery, drug delivery system, Drug delivery vehicles, drug effect, Drug-delivery systems, Durapatite, Extracellular matrices, extracellular matrix, Functionalized, human, Human bone marrow cells, human cell, Humans, hydroxyapatite, in vitro study, In-vitro, Macroporous, Macroporous ceramics, male, matrix, metabolism, methylene blue, Methylene blue staining, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, molecular scaffold, n hydroxysuccinimide, N-hydroxysuccinimide, polymer, Polymer replication, porosity, Porous scaffold, Scaffolds, Scanning electron microscopy, Sintering, Sintering cycles, spectrometry, Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission, Tissue engineering, tissue scaffold, Tissue Scaffolds, Type I collagen, Young Adult},
	isbn = {15493296 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77956483928\&partnerID=40\&md5=de85a8bfe5af88cbc45e80302ab4dfd4},
	author = {Teixeira, S. and Fernandes, M.H. and Ferraz, M.P. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@article {2272,
	title = {Receptor-mediated gene delivery using PAMAM dendrimers conjugated with peptides recognized by mesenchymal stem cells},
	journal = {Molecular PharmaceuticsMol. Pharm.},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 17Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1021/mp9002877PubMed ID: 20230026Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Balian, G.; Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedics and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States; email: lenat@uma.ptChemicals/CAS: Dendrimers; Green Fluorescent Proteins, 147336-22-9; PAMAM Starburst; Peptides; enhanced green fluorescent proteinReferences: V{\"a}{\"a}n{\"a}nen, H.K., Mesenchymal stem cells (2005) Ann. Med., 37, pp. 469-479;Caplan, A.I., Adult mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering versus regenerative medicine (2007) J. Cell Physiol., 213, pp. 341-347; 
Kay, M.A., Glorioso, J.C., Naldini, L., Viral vectors for gene therapy: The art of turning infectious agents into vehicles of therapeutics (2001) Nat. Med., 7, pp. 33-40; 
Mastrobattista, E., Bravo, S.A., Van Der Aa, M., Crommelin, D.J.A., Nonviral gene delivery systems: From simple transfection agents to artificial viruses (2005) Drug Discovery Today: Technol., 2, pp. 103-109; 
Merdan, T., Kopecek, J., Kissel, T., Prospects for cationic polymers in gene and oligonucleotide therapy against cancer (2002) Adv. Drug Delivery Rev., 54, pp. 715-758; 
Hamm, A., Krott, N., Breibach, I., Blindt, R., Bosserhoff, A.K., Efficient transfection method for primary cells (2002) Tissue Eng., 8, pp. 235-245; 
McMahon, J.M., Conroy, S., Lyons, M., Greiser, U., O{\textquoteright}Shea, C., Strappe, P., Howard, L., O{\textquoteright}Brien, T., Gene transfer into rat mesenchymal stem cells: A comparative study of viral and nonviral vectors (2006) Stem Cells Dev., 15, pp. 87-96; 
Svenson, S., Tomalia, D.A., Dendrimers in biomedical applications-reflections on the field (2005) Adv. Drug Delivery Rev., 57, pp. 2106-2129; 
Duf-s, C., Uchegbu, I.F., Schatzlein, A.G., Dendrimers in gene delivery (2005) Adv. Drug Delivery Rev., 57, pp. 2177-2202; 
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Smith, D.K., Dendrimers and the double helix-from DNA binding towards gene therapy (2008) Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 8, pp. 1187-1203; 
Kukowska-Latallo, J.F., Bielinska, A.U., Johnson, J., Spindler, R., Tomalia, D.A., Baker Jr., J.R., Efficient transfer of genetic material into mammalian cells using Starburst polyamidoamine dendrimers (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 93, pp. 4897-4902; 
Santos, J.L., Oramas, E., P{\^e}go, A.P., Granja, P.L., Tom{\'a}s, H., Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells using PAMAM dendrimers as gene delivery vectors (2009) J. Controlled Release, 134, pp. 141-148; 
Balian, G., (2008), Bone Targeting Peptides. In United States Patent 7,323,542, issued January 29Snyder, S.L., Sobocinski, P.Z., An improved 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid method for the determination of amines (1975) Anal. Biochem., 64, pp. 284-288; 
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Wood, K.C., Little, S.R., Langer, R., Hammond, P.T., A family of hierarchically self-assembling linear-dendritic hybrid polymers for highly efficient targeted gene delivery (2005) Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 44, pp. 6704-6708; 
Dan Luo, K.H., Belcheva, N., Han, E., Mark Saltzman, W., Poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated PAMAM dendrimer for biocompatible, high-efficiency dna delivery (2002) Macromolecules, 35, pp. 3456-3462; 
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Santos, J.L., Oliveira, H., Pandita, D., P{\^e}go, A.P., Granja, P.L., Tom{\'a}s, H., Functionalization of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers with hydrophobic chains for improved gene delivery in mesenchymal stem cells (2010) J. Controlled Release, , doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.01.034
},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {763 - 774},
	abstract = {As mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into multiple cell types, the delivery of exogenous genes to this type of cell can be an important tool in tissue regeneration and engineering. However transfection of MSCs using nonviral gene delivery vectors is difficult, the development of more efficient and safe DNA vehicles being necessary. Moreover, specific transfection of MSCs may be required to avoid unwanted side effects in other tissues. In this study, a novel family of gene delivery vectors based on poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers functionalized with peptides displaying high affinity toward MSCs was prepared. The vectors were characterized with respect to their ability to neutralize, bind and compact plasmid DNA (pDNA). The complexes formed between the vectors and pDNA were analyzed concerning their size, -potential, capacity of being internalized by cells and transfection efficiency. These new vectors exhibited low cytotoxicity, receptor-mediated gene delivery into MSCs and transfection efficiencies superior to those presented by native dendrimers and by partially degraded dendrimers. {\textcopyright} 2010 American Chemical Society.},
	keywords = {animal cell, animal experiment, animal tissue, Animals, article, asparaginylserylmethionylisoleucylalanylhistidylasparaginyllysylthreonylarginylmethionylhistidylglycylglycylglycylserylcysteine, Cell recognition, cell survival, Cells, Cultured, controlled study, Cytotoxicity, dendrimer, Dendrimers, DNA, DNA binding, Electrophoresis, Agar Gel, flow cytometry, Gene delivery, gene targeting, Gene Transfer Techniques, gene vector, genetic transfection, Genetic Vectors, Green Fluorescent Proteins, male, Mesenchymal stem cell, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Models, Theoretical, multigene family, nonhuman, PAMAM dendrimers, peptide, Peptides, plasmid DNA, polyamidoamine, priority journal, rat, Rats, Rats, Wistar, serylglycylhistidylglutaminylleucylleucylleucylasparaginyllysylmethionylprolylasparaginylglycylglycylglycylserylcysteine, unclassified drug, Zeta potential},
	isbn = {15438384 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953253240\&partnerID=40\&md5=e06048334c689e2faa61e7b6b8ad9bf1},
	author = {Santos, J.L. and Pandita, D. and Rodrigues, J. and P{\^e}go, A.P. and Granja, P.L. and Balian, G. and Tom{\'a}s, H.}
}
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Oliveira, S.M., Turner, G., Mijares, D., Amaral, I.F., Barbosa, M.A., Teixeira, C.C., (2007) Engineering endochondral bone: In vivo studies
},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {625 - 634},
	abstract = {Chitosan scaffolds have been shown to possess biological and mechanical properties suitable for tissue engineering and clinical applications. In the present work, chitosan sponges were evaluated regarding their ability to support cartilage cell proliferation and maturation, which are the first steps in endochondral bone formation. Chitosan sponges were seeded with chondrocytes isolated from chicken embryo sterna. Chondrocyte/chitosan constructs were cultured for 20 days, and treated with retinoic acid (RA) to induce chondrocyte maturation and matrix synthesis. At different time points, samples were collected for microscopic, histological, biochemical, and mechanical analyses. Results show chondrocyte attachment, proliferation, and abundant matrix synthesis, completely obliterating the pores of the sponges. RA treatment caused chondrocyte hypertrophy, characterized by the presence of type X collagen in the extracellular matrix and increased alkaline phosphatase activity. In addition, hypertrophy markedly changed the mechanical properties of the chondrocyte/chitosan constructs. In conclusion, we have developed chitosan sponges with adequate pore structure and mechanical properties to serve as a support for hypertrophic chondrocytes. In parallel studies, we have evaluated the ability of this mature cartilage scaffold to induce endochondral ossification. {\textcopyright} Copyright 2009, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2009.},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, Alkaline phosphatase activity, animal, animal cell, animal tissue, Animals, article, biomechanics, Body fluids, Bone, Bone and Bones, Bone formation, Cartilage, cartilage cell, Cell culture, cell damage, cell hypertrophy, cell isolation, cell maturation, Cell membranes, cell proliferation, Cells, Cultured, chick embryo, Chicken embryo, Chitin, chitosan, Chitosan scaffold, Chondrocyte, Chondrocyte maturation, Chondrocytes, Clinical application, collagen type 10, Collagen Type X, controlled study, cytology, DNA, drug effect, embryo, enchondral ossification, Endochondral ossification, enzyme activity, enzymology, Extracellular matrices, extracellular matrix, gene expression profiling, Hypertrophic chondrocytes, in vitro study, In-vitro, Ligaments, Matrix synthesis, Mechanical analysis, Mechanical properties, metabolism, methodology, nonhuman, Pathology, physiology, Porifera, porosity, priority journal, retinoic acid, Retinoic acids, Scaffolds, sponge (Porifera), Sterna, sternum, synthesis, Time points, Tissue engineering, tissue scaffold, Tissue Scaffolds, Tretinoin, Type X collagen},
	isbn = {19373341 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-64549143844\&partnerID=40\&md5=310f8e62d4dd51ccb9399db171440148},
	author = {Oliveira, S.M. and Amaral, I.F. and Barbosa, M.A. and Teixeira, C.C.}
}
@article {2317,
	title = {Engineering endochondral bone: In vivo studies},
	journal = {Tissue Engineering - Part ATissue Eng. Part A},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 14Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0052Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Teixeira, C. C.; Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, College of Dentistry, New York University, 345 East. 24th St., New York, NY 10010; email: ct40@nyu.eduChemicals/CAS: chitosan, 9012-76-4; Chitosan, 9012-76-4; MineralsReferences: Yelin, E., Callahan, L.F., The economic cost and social and psychological impact of musculoskeletal conditions. National Arthritis Data Work Groups (1995) Arthritis Rheum, 38, p. 1351;Service, R.F. Tissue engineers build new bone. Science 289,1498, 2000Dupraz, A., Delecrin, J., Moreau, A., Pilet, P., Passuti, N., Long-term bone response to particulate injectable ceramic (1998) J Biomed Mater Res, 42, p. 368; 
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},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {635 - 643},
	abstract = {The use of biomaterials to replace lost bone has been a common practice for decades. More recently, the demands for bone repair and regeneration have pushed research into the use of cultured cells and growth factors in association with these materials. Here we report a novel approach to engineer new bone using a transient cartilage scaffold to induce endochondral ossification. Chondrocyte/chitosan scaffolds (both a transient cartilage scaffold- experimental-and a permanent cartilage scaffold-control) were prepared and implanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Bone formation was evaluated over a period of 5 months. Mineralization was assessed by Faxitron, micro computed tomography, backscatter electrons, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. Histological analysis provided further information on tissue changes in and around the implanted scaffolds. The deposition of ectopic bone was detected in the surface of the experimental implants as early as 1 month after implantation. After 3 months, bone trabeculae and bone marrow cavities were formed inside the scaffolds. The bone deposited was similar to the bone of the mice vertebra. Interestingly, no bone formation was observed in control implants. In conclusion, an engineered transient cartilage template carries all the signals necessary to induce endochondral bone formation in vivo. {\textcopyright} Copyright 2009, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2009.},
	keywords = {animal, animal experiment, animal tissue, Animals, article, Biological materials, Biomaterials, Bone, Bone and Bones, Bone formation, bone marrow, bone mineralization, Bone repair, bone transplantation, Calcification, Physiologic, Cartilage, cartilage cell, chick embryo, chitosan, Chondrocytes, Computerized tomography, controlled study, Cultured cell, cytology, drug effect, Ectopic bones, ectopic tissue, electron, enchondral ossification, Endochondral ossification, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Growth (materials), Growth factor, Histological analysis, histology, implantation, in vivo study, In-control, In-vivo, infrared spectroscopy, Ligaments, male, metabolism, methodology, Mice, Mice, Nude, micro-computed tomography, Microcomputed tomography, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, mineral, Minerals, mouse, Mus, Mus musculus, nonhuman, Nude mice, nude mouse, ossification, physiology, priority journal, Prosthesis Implantation, Scaffolds, Scanning electron microscopy, Spectroscopic analysis, Spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Tissue changes, Tissue engineering, tissue scaffold, Tissue Scaffolds, Tomography, trabecular bone, vertebra},
	isbn = {19373341 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-64549096039\&partnerID=40\&md5=d389cb8b10be8945007a5b6996b8896f},
	author = {Oliveira, S.M. and Mijares, D.Q. and Turner, G. and Amaral, I.F. and Barbosa, M.A. and Teixeira, C.C.}
}
@article {2303,
	title = {NPY revealed as a critical modulator of osteoblast function in vitro: New insights into the role of Y1 and Y2 receptors},
	journal = {Journal of Cellular BiochemistryJ. Cell. Biochem.},
	volume = {107},
	year = {2009},
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Wortley, K.E., Garcia, K., Okamoto, H., Thabet, K., Anderson, K.D., Shen, V., Herman, J.P., Sleeman, M.W., Peptide YY regulates bone turnover in rodents (2007) Gastroenterology, 133, pp. 1534-1543
},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {908 - 916},
	abstract = {Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has recently emerged as a potential regulator of bone homeostasis. However, the relevance of NPY{\textquoteright}s role in osteoblast activity and the biological functions involving NPY receptors in bone homeostasis remain to be clarified. Here we report that chronically elevated NPY levels leaded to a modulation of the level of Y2 receptor expression marked with a transient down and upregulation according to the stage of osteoblast differentiation. We also show that NPY is a negative regulator of Y1 receptor expression. The pharmalogical activation of Y2 receptor with its agonist resulted in similar effect. Functional analysis also revealed the osteogenic potential of NPY with osteoblast phenotype markers being significantly enhanced in osteoprogenitor cells stimulated by NPY, probably due to the down-regulation of Y1 receptor. In contrasts, these cells exhibit a reduction in calcium deposition in extracellular matrix most likely mediated via Y2 receptor signalling. Furthermore, we show that NPY modulates receptor activator of nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) (RANK) ligand and osteoprotegerin, two key factors regulating bone remodelling. Specifically, NPY inhibits the transcriptional activity of RANKL promoter in osteoprogenitor cells and enhances OPG expression in osteoblasts at early stages of differentiation. However, NPY effect on OPG seemed to be unrelated to Y2 receptor activation. Taken together the present data supported the contribution of NPY pathway in bone homeostasis via a direct action on osteoblasts cells. {\textcopyright} 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, animal cell, animal tissue, Animals, article, Bone, Bone Marrow Cells, bone remodeling, Calcium, cell activity, cell differentiation, cell function, Cell Line, cell stimulation, controlled study, down regulation, extracellular matrix, gene expression regulation, genetic transcription, Homeostasis, immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein, in vitro study, Mice, neuropeptide Y, neuropeptide Y1 receptor, neuropeptide Y2 receptor, nonhuman, NPY, nuclear factor Y, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, osteoclast differentiation factor, Osteoprotegerin, phenotype, priority journal, promoter region, protein expression, RANK Ligand, Receptors, Neuropeptide Y, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, signal transduction, stem cell, Stromal Cells, upregulation, Y1 receptor, Y2 receptor},
	isbn = {07302312 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-67749108153\&partnerID=40\&md5=3fac97e90b88592291766e499000ae54},
	author = {Teixeira, L. and Sousa, D.M. and Nunes, A.F. and Sousa, M.M. and Herzog, H. and Lamghari, M.}
}
@article {2313,
	title = {Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells using PAMAM dendrimers as gene delivery vectors},
	journal = {Journal of Controlled ReleaseJ. Control. Release},
	volume = {134},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 29Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JCREEdoi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.11.007PubMed ID: 19070635Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Tom{\'a}s, H.; Centro de Qu{\'\i}mica da Madeira, Departamento de Qu{\'\i}mica, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitario da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal; email: lenat@uma.ptChemicals/CAS: alkaline phosphatase, 9001-78-9; calcium, 14092-94-5, 7440-70-2; osteocalcin, 136461-80-8; phosphate, 14066-19-4, 14265-44-2; BMP2 protein, human; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; Dendrimers; PAMAM Starburst; Polyamines; beta-Galactosidase, 3.2.1.23References: Dai, J., Rabie, A.B.M., Hagg, U., Xu, R.A., Alternative gene therapy strategies for the repair of craniofacial bone defects (2004) Curr. Gene Ther., 4 (4), pp. 469-485;Gersbach, C.A., Phillips, J.E., Garcia, A.J., Genetic engineering for skeletal regenerative medicine (2007) Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng., 9, pp. 87-119; 
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},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {141 - 148},
	abstract = {This paper reports the use of different generations of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers for the in vitro transfection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). A systematic study was carried out on the transfection efficiency achieved by the PAMAM dendrimers using a β-galactosidase reporter gene system. Transfection results were shown to be dependent upon the generation of dendrimers, the amine to phosphate group ratio and the cell passage number. In all cases, the transfection efficiency was very low. Nevertheless, it was hypothesized that a low transfection level could be sufficient to promote the in vitro differentiation of MSCs towards the osteoblastic lineage. To address this possibility, dendrimers carrying the human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (hBMP-2) gene-containing plasmid were used. All quantitative (alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin secretion and calcium deposition) and qualitative (von Kossa staining) osteogenic markers were significantly stronger in transfected cells when compared to non-transfected ones. This study not only clearly demonstrates that a low transfection level can be sufficient for inducing in vitro differentiation of MSCs to the osteoblast phenotype but also highlights the importance of focusing research on the development of gene delivery vectors in the concrete application. {\textcopyright} 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, amine, Amines, animal cell, Animals, article, beta galactosidase, beta-Galactosidase, Bone, Bone morphogenetic protein, bone morphogenetic protein 2, Bone Regeneration, Calcium, Cell culture, cell differentiation, Cell Line, cell lineage, cell survival, Cells, Cells, Cultured, controlled study, dendrimer, Dendrimers, embryo, enzyme activity, Flowcharting, gene expression, Gene transfer, Gene Transfer Techniques, gene vector, Genes, Reporter, genetic transfection, human, human cell, Humans, in vitro study, Kidney, male, Mesenchymal stem cell, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, nonhuman, Nonviral gene delivery, nonviral gene delivery system, Nucleic acids, osteoblast, osteocalcin, Osteogenesis, PAMAM dendrimers, phosphate, plasmid, Plasmids, polyamidoamine, Polyamines, priority journal, protein secretion, Proteins, qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, rat, Rats, Rats, Wistar, reporter gene, staining},
	isbn = {01683659 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-60649096454\&partnerID=40\&md5=90df49394a581738b41bf29bad341ae8},
	author = {Santos, J.L. and Oramas, E. and P{\^e}go, A.P. and Granja, P.L. and Tom{\'a}s, H.}
}
@article {2308,
	title = {Physical characterization of hydroxyapatite porous scaffolds for tissue engineering},
	journal = {Materials Science and Engineering CMater. Sci. Eng. C},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 16Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1016/j.msec.2008.09.052Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Teixeira, S.; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Divis{\~a}o de Biomateriais, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: smsilva@ineb.up.ptReferences: Jones, A.C., Milthorpe, B., Averdunk, H., Limaye, A., Senden, T.J., Sakellariou, A., (2004) Biomaterials, 25 (20), p. 4947;Karageorgiou, V., Kaplan, D., (2005) Biomaterials, 26 (27), p. 5474; 
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},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {1510 - 1514},
	abstract = {The present study refers to the preparation and characterization of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds to be used as matrices for bone regeneration or as specific release vehicles. Ceramics are widely used for bone tissue engineering purposes and in this study, hydroxyapatite porous scaffolds were produced using the polymer replication method. Polyurethane sponges were used as templates and impregnated with a ceramic slurry at different ratios, and sintered at 1300~{\textdegree}C following a specific thermal cycle. The characteristics of the hydroxyapatite porous scaffolds and respective powder used as starting material, were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, particle size distribution, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and compressive mechanical testing techniques. It was possible to produce highly porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds presenting micro and macropores and pore interconnectivity. {\textcopyright} 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Apatite, Bone, Bone regenerations, Bone tissue engineerings, Ceramic materials, Ceramic slurries, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopies, hydroxyapatite, infrared spectroscopy, Macro-pores, Mechanical testing, Physical characterizations, Polymer blends, Polymer replications, Polymers, Polyurethane sponges, Pore interconnectivity, Porous hydroxyapatites, Porous scaffolds, Scaffolds, Scanning electron microscopy, Spectroscopic analysis, Starting materials, Thermal cycles, Tissue engineering, X- ray diffractions},
	isbn = {09284931 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-67349181295\&partnerID=40\&md5=ea36fd01a8565ecbd7230948b317995d},
	author = {Teixeira, S. and Rodriguez, M.A. and Pena, P. and De Aza, A.H. and De Aza, S. and Ferraz, M.P. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@article {2324,
	title = {Physical, chemical and in vitro biological profile of chitosan hybrid membrane as a function of organosiloxane concentration},
	journal = {Acta BiomaterialiaActa Biomater.},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 10Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.07.022PubMed ID: 18722166Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Hayakawa, S.; Biomaterial Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama-shi, 700-8530, Japan; email: satoshi@cc.okayama-u.ac.jpChemicals/CAS: (3 glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, 2530-83-8; calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5, 13767-12-9, 14358-97-5, 7758-87-4; chitosan, 9012-76-4; silicate, 12627-13-3; Chitosan, 9012-76-4; Cross-Linking Reagents; gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2530-83-8; Silanes; SiloxanesTradenames: AldrichReferences: Lai, J.Y., Lin, F.C., Wang, C.C., Wang, D.M., Effect of nonsolvent additives on the porosity and morphology of asymmetric TPX membranes [J] (1996) J Membrane Sci, 118, pp. 49-61;Wang, D.M., Lin, F.C., Chiang, J.C., Lai, J.Y., Control of porosity of asymmetric TPX membranes [J] (1998) J Membrane Sci, 141, pp. 1-12; 
Piattelli, A., Scarano, A., Russo, P., Matarasso, S., Evaluation of guided bone regeneration in rabbit tibia using bioresorbable and non-resorbable membranes (1996) Biomaterials, 17 (8), pp. 791-796; 
Gotfredsen, K., Nimb, L., Hjorting-Hansen, E., Immediate implant placement using a biodegradable barrier, polyhydroxybutyratehydroxyvalerate reinforced with polyglactin 910: an experimental study in dogs (1994) Clin Oral Implants Res, 5 (2), pp. 83-91; 
Kostopoulos, L., Karring, T., Augmentation of the rat mandible using guided tissue regeneration (1994) Clin Oral Implants Res, 5 (2), pp. 75-82; 
Kostopoulos, L., Karring, T., Guided bone regeneration in mandibular defects in rats using a bioresorbable polymer (1994) Clin Oral Implants Res, 5 (2), pp. 666-674; 
Nyman, S., Gottlow, J., Karring, T., The regeneration potential of the periodontal ligament: an experimental study in the monkey (1982) J Clin Periodontal, 9, pp. 257-265; 
Dupoirieux, L., Pourquier, D., Picot, M.C., Neves, M., Comparative study of three different membranes for guided bone regeneration of rat cranial defects (2001) Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 30 (1), pp. 58-62; 
Zhang, R., Ma, P.X., Porous poly(l-lactic acid)/apatite composites created by biomimetic process (1999) J Biomed Mater Res, 45, pp. 285-293; 
Murphy, W.L., Kohn, D.H., Mooney, D.J., Growth of continuous bonelike mineral within porous poly(lactide-co-glycolide) scaffolds in vitro (2000) J Biomed Mater Res, 50, pp. 50-58; 
Lin, F.C., Wang, D.M., Lai, J.Y., Asymmetric TPX membranes. J membranes with high gas flux. (1996) J Membrane Sci, 110, pp. 25-36; 
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Lee, Y.K., Mooney, D.J., Hydrogels for tissue enigineering (2001) Chem Rev, 101, pp. 1869-1879; 
Domard, A., Rinaudo, M., Preparation and characterization fully deacetylated chitosan (1983) Int J Biol Macromol, 5, pp. 49-52; 
Chandy, T., Sharma, P.C., Chitosan - as a biomaterial (1990) Biomater Artif Cells Artif Organo, 18, pp. 1-24; 
Ueno, H., Yamada, H., Tanaka, I., Kaba, N., Matsuura, M., Okumura, M., Accelerating effects of chitosan for healing at early phase of experimental open wound in dogs (1999) Biomaterials, 20, pp. 1407-1414; 
Muzzareli, R.A.A., Mattioli-Belmonte, M., Tietz, C., Biagini, R., Ferioli, G., Brunelli, M.A., Stimulatory effect on bone formation exerted by a modified chitosan (1994) Biomaterials, 15, pp. 1075-1081; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., In vitro cytocompatibility of MG63 cells on chitosan-organosiloxane hybrid membranes (2005) Biomaterials, 26, pp. 485-493; 
Prochazkova, S., Varum, K.M., {\AE}stgaard. Quantitative determination of chitosans by ninhydrin (1999) Carbohydr Polym, 38, pp. 115-122; 
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Coelho, M.J., Cabral, A.T., Fernandes, M.H., Human bone cell cultures in biocompatibility testing. Part I: osteoblastic differentiation of serially passaged human bone marrow cells cultured in α-MEM and in D-MEM (2000) Biomaterials, 21, pp. 1087-1094; 
Berridge, V., Tan, A.S., Characterization of the cellular reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethhylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT): subcellular localization, substrate dependence, and involvement of mitochondrial electron transport in MTT reduction (1993) Arch Biochem Biophys, 303, pp. 474-482; 
Brugnerotto, J., Lizardi, J., Goycoolea, F.M., Arg{\"u}elles-Monal, W., Desbri{\'e}res, J., Rinaudo, M., An infrared investigation in relation with chitin and chitosan characterization (2001) Polymer, 42, pp. 3569-3580; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Sol-gel preparation and in vitro deposition of apatite on porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids (2001) J Non Cryst Solid, 285, pp. 116-122; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Novel approach to fabricate porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids for bone tissue engineering (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 4765-4773; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Incorporation of Ca 2+ ions in gelatin-siloxane hybrids through a sol-gel process (2001) J Ceram Soc Jpn, 109, pp. 403-408; 
Rashidova, S.S.h., Shakarova, D.S.h., Ruzimuradov, O.N., Satabaldieva, D.T., Zalyalieva, S.V., Shpigun, O.A., Bionanocompositional chitosan-silica sorbent for liquid chromatography (2004) J Chromatogr B, 800, pp. 49-53; 
Hench, L.L., Ethridge, E.C., (1982) Biomaterials an interfacial approach, , Academic Press, New York 10; 
Xynos, I.D., Hukkanen, M.V.J., Batten, J.J., Buttery, L.D., Hench, L.L., Polak, J.M., Bioglass {\textregistered} 45S5 stimulates osteoblast turnover and enhances bone formation in vitro: implications and applications for bone tissue engineering (2000) Calcif Tissue Int, 67, pp. 321-329; 
Xynos, I.D., Edgar, A.J., Buttery, L.D.K., Hench, L.L., Ionic products of bioactive glass dissolution increase proliferation of human osteoblasts and induce insulin-like growth factor II mRNA expression and protein synthesis (2000) Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 276, pp. 461-465; 
Gough, J.E., Jones, J.R., Hench, L.L., Nodule formation and mineralisation of human primary osteoblasts cultured on a porous bioactive glass scaffold (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 2039-2046; 
Maniatopoulos, C., Sodek, J., Melcher, A., Bone formation in vitro by stromal cells obtained from bone marrow of young adult rats (1988) Cell Tissue Res, 254, pp. 317-330; 
Fernandes, M.H., Costa, M.A., Carvalho, G.S., Mineralization in serially passaged human alveolar bone cells (1997) J Mater Sci Mater Med, 8, pp. 61-65; 
Costa, M.A., Gutierres, M., Almeida, L., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., In vitro mineralization of human bone marrow cells cultured on Bonelike {\textregistered} (2004) Key Eng Mater, 254-256, pp. 821-824
},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {346 - 355},
	abstract = {We attempted to prepare chitosan-silicate hybrid for use in a medical application and evaluated the physico-chemical properties and osteocompatibility of the hybrids as a function of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) concentration. Chitosan-silicate hybrids were synthesized using GPTMS as the reagent for cross-linking of the chitosan chains. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,                        29Si CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy and the ninhydrin assay were used to analyze the structures of the hybrids, and stress-strain curves were recorded to estimate their Young{\textquoteright}s modulus. The swelling ability, contact angle and cytocompatibility of the hybrids were investigated as a function of the GPTMS concentration. A certain fraction of GPTMS in each hybrid was linked at the epoxy group to the amino group of chitosan, which was associated with the change in the methoxysilane group of GPTMS due to hybridization. The cross-linking density was around 80\% regardless of the volume of GPTMS. As the content of GPTMS increased, the water uptake decreased and the hydrophilicity of the hybrids increased except when the content exceeded amolar ratio of 1.5, when it caused a decrease. The values of the mechanical parameters assessed indicated that significant stiffening of the hybrids was obtained by the addition of GPTMS. The adhesion and proliferation of the MG63 osteoblast cells cultured on the chitosan-GPTMS hybrid surface were improved compared to those on the chitosan membrane, regardless of the GPTMS concentration. Moreover, human bone marrow osteoblast cells proliferated on the chitosan-GPTMS hybrid surface and formed a fibrillar extracellular matrix with numerous calcium phosphate globular structures, both in the presence and in the absence of dexamethasone. Therefore, the chitosan-GPTMS hybrids are promising candidates for basic materials that can promote bone regeneration because of their controllable composition (chitosan/GPTMS ratio). {\textcopyright} 2008 Acta Materialia Inc.
},
	keywords = {(3 glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, article, assay, Biocompatibility, Bone Marrow Cells, calcium phosphate, cell adhesion, Cell Line, Tumor, cell proliferation, cell survival, cell viability, Chemical analysis, chitosan, concentration (parameters), controlled study, cross linking, Cross-Linking Reagents, extracellular matrix, human, human cell, Humans, hydrophobicity, in vitro study, infrared spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, molecular hybridization, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Organic-inorganic hybrid, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, Osteocompatibility, physical chemistry, priority journal, Silanes, silicate, siloxane, Siloxanes, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, stress strain relationship, structure analysis, surface property, Tissue engineering, unclassified drug, water transport, γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS)},
	isbn = {17427061 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-56649083638\&partnerID=40\&md5=550d9a49b04985f38609e86d9adc5735},
	author = {Shirosaki, Y. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Costa, M.A. and Fernandes, M.H.}
}
@article {2290,
	title = {The role of composition, morphology and crystalline structure in the electrochemical behaviour of TiN                    x thin films for dry electrode sensor materials
},
	journal = {Electrochimica ActaElectrochim Acta},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 10Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: ELCAAdoi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.08.004Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Fonseca, C.; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Divis{\~a}o de Biomateriais, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: cfonseca@ineb.up.ptReferences: McAdams, E., Bioelectrodes (1988) Encyclopedia of Medical Devices and Instrumentation, p. 120. , Webster J.G. (Ed), Wiley, New York;Teplan, M., (2002) Meas. Sci. Rev., 2 (2); 
Searle, A., Kirkup, L., (2000) Physiolog. Meas., 22, p. 71; 
Ko, W.K., Hynecek, J., Dry electrodes and electrode amplifiers (1974) Biomedical Electrode Technology, , Miller H.A., and Harrison D.C. (Eds), Academic Press, N.Y; 
Fonseca, C., Vaz, F., Barbosa, M.A., (2004) Corros. Sci., 46 (12), p. 3005; 
Tallgren, P., Vanhatalo, S., Kaila, K., Voipio, J., (2005) Clin. Neurophysiol., 116, p. 799; 
Abd El Aal, (2008) Corros. Sci., 50, p. 41; 
Malik, H., Mgaloblishvili, R., Mills, B., (2004) J. Mat. Sci. Lett., 19 (19), p. 1779; 
Piscanec, S., Ciacchi, L., Vesselli, E., Comelli, G., Sbaizero, O., Meriani, S., De Vita, A., (2004) Acta Mater., 52, p. 1237; 
Gao, L., Gst{\"o}ttner, J., Emling, R., Linsmeier, Ch., Wiltner, A., Hansch, W., Schmitt-Landsiedel, D., (2004) Microelectronic Eng., 76 (1-4), p. 76; 
Vaz, F., Ferreira, J., Ribeiro, E., Rebouta, L., Lanceros-M{\'e}ndez, S., Mendes, J.A., Alves, E., de Rijk, J., (2005) Surf. Coat. Technol., 191, p. 317; 
Barradas, N.P., Jeynes, C., Webb, R.P., (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, p. 291; 
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Rizzo, A., Signore, M.A., De Riccardis, M.F., Capodieci, L., Dimaio, D., Nocco, T., (2007) Thin Solid Films, 515, p. 6665; 
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Han, Z., Tian, J., Lai, Q., Yu, X., Li, G., (2003) Surf. Coat. Technol., 162, p. 189; 
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Vaz, F., Machado, P., Rebouta, L., Cerqueira, P., Goudeau, Ph., Rivi{\`e}re, J.P., Alves, E., de Rijk, J., (2003) Surf. Coat. Technol., 174-175, p. 375; 
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Orazem, M., Tribollet, B., (2008) Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, , John Wiley \&Sons 233; 
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Logothetidis, S., Meletis, E., Stergioudis, G., Adjaottor, A., (1999) Thin Solid Films, p. 304; 
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Hladky, K., Dawson, J., (1982) Corrosion Sci., 22, p. 231
},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {59 - 67},
	abstract = {A morphological, structural and electrochemical study of titanium nitride (TiN                        x) thin films, obtained by DC reactive sputtering on titanium substrates, was carried out for a wide range of compositions (0 \&lt; x \&lt; 1.34) aiming a selection of the best coatings for dry biomedical electrodes. The films displayed a columnar-type structure, with morphologies strongly dependent on the composition: a compact and smooth surface was found for the Ti-rich films, (x \&lt; 1), whereas the N-rich films, (x >= 1) displayed a rough and porous structure. The electrochemical study of the TiN
                        x films was performed in synthetic sweat, aiming at simulating the contact with the skin. The voltammetric analysis showed anodic currents higher for TiN
                        x films than for titanium for low and medium polarization potentials, whereas for potentials beyond 2 V the blocking behaviour of the TiN
                        x films allowed them to display lower current values. The passive dissolution currents in the sub-μA/cm
                        2 range and the charge transfer resistances of the order of the MΩ proved the excellent stability of all films in sweat conditions. Finally, the electrochemical noise analysis showed that the near-stoichiometric and N-rich films display the lowest noise, being therefore the most suitable for electrode applications, where signals in the microvolt range, such as the electroencephalographic (EEG) signals, are to be monitored. {\textcopyright} 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
},
	keywords = {Anodic currents, Bioelectric phenomena, Biomedical devices, biomedical electrodes, Blocking behaviour, Charge transfer, Charge transfer resistance, Chemical analysis, Crystalline structure, DC reactive sputtering, Dissolution, Dry electrode, EIS, Electrochemical behaviour, Electrochemical corrosion, Electrochemical electrodes, Electrochemical Noise Analysis, Electrochemical studies, Electroencephalographic signals, Ion exchange, morphology, Polarization potential, Porous structures, Selection of the best, Sensor materials, Smooth surface, Sputtering, Thin films, Titanium, Titanium nitride, Titanium substrates, Type structures, Voltammetric analysis},
	isbn = {00134686 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70349511936\&partnerID=40\&md5=171cf38af18a50e355fc5979c5fc5e7a},
	author = {Cunha, L.T. and Pedrosa, P. and Tavares, C.J. and Alves, E. and Vaz, F. and Fonseca, C.}
}
@article {2358,
	title = {Biocompatibility of highly macroporous ceramic scaffolds: Cell adhesion and morphology studies},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med.},
	volume = {19},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 23Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1007/s10856-007-3005-xPubMed ID: 17665126Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Teixeira, S.; Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto 4150-180, Portugal; email: smsilva@ineb.up.ptChemicals/CAS: hydroxyapatite, 1306-06-5, 51198-94-8; Biocompatible Materials; Ceramics; Durapatite, 1306-06-5References: Jones, A.C., (2004) Biomaterials, 25, p. 4947;Karaggeorgiou, V., (2005) Biomaterials, 27, p. 5474; 
Leon, C.A., Leon, Y., (1998) Adv. Colloid. Interface Sci., 76-77, p. 341; 
Kuboki, Y., Takita, H., Kobayashi, D., Tsuruga, E., Inoue, M., Murata, M., (1998) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 39, p. 190. , 2; 
Heise, U., Osborn, J.F., Duwe, F., (1990) Int. Orthop., 14, p. 329; 
Bucholz, R.W., Carlton, A., Holmes, R.E., (1987) Orthop. Clin. North. Am., 18, p. 323; 
Hill, P.A., (1998) Br. J. Orthod., 25, p. 101; 
Martin, R.B., (1999) Mater. Sci. Forum, 293, p. 5; 
Nunes, C.R., Simske, S.J., Sachdeva, R., Wolford, L.M., (1997) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 36, p. 560; 
Queiroz, A.C., Teixeira, S., Monteiro, F.J., Santos, J.D., (2004) Key Eng. Mater., 254-256, p. 997; 
Queiroz, A.C., Teixeira, S., Monteiro, F.J., Santos, J.D., (2004) Mater. Sci. Forum, 455-456, p. 358; 
Queiroz, A.C., Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., Porous, H.A., (2005) Key Eng. Mater., 284-286; 
Teixeira, S.M., Queiroz, A.C., Monteiro, F.J., Ferraz, M.P., In vitro analysis of macroporous ceramic matrices: Preliminary results (2005) 19th European Conference on Biomaterials, , PP-P173; Naples, Italy, Sept 11-15
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {855 - 859},
	abstract = {Hydroxyapatite porous scaffolds can be used for tissue engineering applications since they can serve as templates for cell adhesion, proliferation and ultimately for tissue repair. One way to address this issue is to evaluate the cell adhesion using several characterization techniques namely, cytotoxicity assays and cell visualization. On the other hand, when using highly macroporous scaffolds some techniques may not be adequate for evaluation, such as MTT. In this work, cytotoxicity assay (MTS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to evaluate cell adhesion in highly macroporous hydroxyapatite scaffolds. It was possible to observe that some techniques were not suitable to evaluate cell adhesion. In addition, it was shown that for this kind of scaffolds, confocal laser scanning microscopy is a powerful tool for cell adhesion and proliferation evaluation. {\textcopyright} 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.},
	keywords = {article, Bioassay, Biocompatibility, Biocompatible Materials, cell adhesion, Cell Line, Tumor, cell proliferation, cell structure, Ceramic materials, ceramics, confocal laser microscopy, controlled study, Cytotoxicity, Cytotoxicity assay, Durapatite, human, human cell, Humans, hydroxyapatite, Macroporous ceramic scaffolds, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Osteoblasts, priority journal, Scanning electron microscopy, Tissue engineering, Tissue Scaffolds},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-39049162092\&partnerID=40\&md5=500dfec2998ea8943e9a38309d2b7e5b},
	author = {Teixeira, S. and Ferraz, M.P. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@book {2361,
	title = {Biodegradable chitosan-silicate porous hybrids for drug delivery},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {361-363 II},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Shirosaki, Y.; Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr.Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; email: yuki@ineb.up.ptReferences: Tateishi, T., GChen, Ushida, T., (2002) J Artif Organs, 5, p. 77;(2004) Biomaterials science: An introduction to materials in medicine, , edited by B.D.Ratner, A.S. Hoffman, F.J.Schoen, and J.E.Lemons, Elsevier, Academic Press; 
Sinha, V.R., Singla, A.K., Wadhawan, S., Kaushik, R., Kumria, R., Bansal, K., Dhawan, S., (2004) Inter J Pharmace, 274, p. 1; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2005) Biomaterials, 26, p. 485; 
Tsuru, K., Shirosaki, Y., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2005) Key Engineering Mateirals, 284-286, p. 823; 
Ning, S., Yu, N., Brown, D.M., Kanekal, S., Knox, S.J., (1999) Radiother Oncol, 50, p. 215; 
Davis, R.S., Brough, A.R., Atkinson, A., (2003) J Non-Cryst Solid, 315, p. 197; 
Bayomi, M.A., al-Suwayeh, S.A., el-Helw, A.M., Mesnad, A.F., (1998) Pharm Acta Helv, 73, p. 187; 
Akbuga, J., Durmaz, G., (1994) Int J Pharm, 111, p. 217
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {1219 - 1222},
	abstract = {Porous chitosan-silicate hybrids were prepared by freeze-drying the precursor sol solutions synthesized from chitosan and 3- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Degradability of and the release of cytochrome C in to phosphate buffer saline solution (PBS) were examined as a function of the GPTMS content. The hybrids were less degradable with larger GPTMS contents, and the cytochrome C release profile was so controllable as to give either burst release or slow one due to the GPTMS content. Thus, the present porous chitosan-silicate hybrids were considered applicable to drug delivery systems.},
	keywords = {biodegradability, Buffer saline solution, chitosan, Chitosan silicate hybrid, Chitosan-silicate hybrid, Drug delivery, Porous materials, Proteins, Silicates, Synthesis (chemical)},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-38149045782\&partnerID=40\&md5=520d7fffb6d19fcc96b3fa38036f9bf6},
	author = {Shirosaki, Y. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A.}
}
@book {2362,
	title = {Hybrid chitosan membranes tested in sheep for guided tissue regeneration},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {361-363 II},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Cortez, P.P.; Centro de Estudos de Ci{\^e}ncia Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ci{\^e}ncias e Tecnologias Agr{\'a}rias e Agro-Alimentares (ICETA), Campus Agr{\'a}rio de Vair{\~a}o, Rua P. Armando Quintas, 4485-661, Vair{\~a}o, Portugal; email: pcortez@mail.icav.up.ptReferences: Nasser, N.J., Friedman, A., Friedman, M., Moor, E., Mosheiff, R., (2005) Injury, 36, p. 1460;Chandy, T., Sharma, C.P., (1990) Biomater. Artif. Cells Artif. Organs, 18, p. 1; 
Domard, A., Rinaudo, M., (1983) Int J Biol Macromol, 5, p. 49; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2004) Key Eng. Mat, 254-256, p. 857; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2005) Biomaterials, 26, p. 485; 
Ueno, H., Yamada, H., Tanaka, I., Kaba, N., Matsuura, M., Okumura, M., Kadosawa, T., Fujinaga, T., (1999) Biomaterials, 20, p. 1407
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {1265 - 1268},
	abstract = {Previous in vitro studies confirmed an improved cytocompatibility of chitosan-silicate hybrid membranes over chitosan membranes. The main goal of this study was to assess the in vivo histocompatibility of both membranes through subcutaneous implantations at different time periods, 1 week, 1, 2 and 3 months, using a sheep model. Chitosan membranes elicited an exuberant inflammatory response and were consequently rejected. The hybrid chitosan membranes were not rejected and the degree of inflammatory response decreased gradually until the third month of implantation. Histological evaluation also showed that these membranes can be resorbed in vivo. This study demonstrates that the incorporation of silicate into the chitosan solution improves its histocompatibility, indicating that the hybrid chitosan-silicate membranes are suitable candidates to be used in clinical applications.},
	keywords = {biodegradability, Biodegradable membrane, Biodegradable membranes, chitosan, Chitosan-silicate hybrid, Guided tissue regeneration (GTR), histology, in vivo study, Membranes, Silicates, Tissue culture},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-38149018476\&partnerID=40\&md5=9a6734a40aa84667fe014796596e1ef3},
	author = {Cortez, P.P. and Shirosaki, Y. and Botelho, C.M. and Sim{\~o}es, M.J. and Gartner, F. and Da Costa, R.M.G. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Maur{\'\i}cio, A.C.}
}
@article {2334,
	title = {Molecular epidemiology of pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates from Portuguese Central Hospital},
	journal = {Folia MicrobiologicaFolia Microbiol.},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 3Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: FOMIAdoi: 10.1007/s12223-008-0086-yLanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Fonseca, A. P.Rua Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; email: apfonseca08@sapo.ptChemicals/CAS: DNA, BacterialReferences: Bergmans, D., Bonten, M., van tiel, F., Gaillard, C., London, N., van der Geest, S., de Leeuw, P., Stobbrringh, E., Value of phenotyping methods as an initial screening of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in epidemiologic studies (1997) Infection, 25, pp. 350-354;Bertrand, X., Thouverez, M., Talon, D., Boillot, A., Capellier, G., Floriot, C., Helias, J.P., Endemicity, molecular diversity and colonization routes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intensive care units (2001) Intens.Care Med., 27, pp. 1263-1268; 
Br{\'\i}zio, A., Silva, A., Canas, E., Ferreira, T., Lito, L.M., Cristino, J.M., Salgado, M.J., Duarte, A., Spread of ln58 containing bla VIM-2 among Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2006) Clin.Microbiol.Infect.Dis., 12 (SUPPL. 4), p. 931; 
Br{\'\i}zio, A., Vasco, S., Gon{\c c}alves, A.R., Lito, L.M., Cristino, J.M., Salgado, M.J., Duarte, A., Survey of extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Escherichia coli isolates from a Portuguese hospital and characterisation of a novel class 1 integron (In60A) carrying the blaCTX-M-9 gene (2006) Internat.J.Antimicrob.Agents, 28, pp. 320-324; 
Buchholz, P., Richter, M., Fiedler, G., Halle, E., Epidemiological fingerprinting of multiresistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients of intensive care units of the Charit{\'e} Hospital, Berlin (1995) Med.Microbiol.Lett., 4, pp. 7-13; 
{\v C}ernohorsk{\'a}, L., Votava, M., Antibiotic synergy against biofilm-forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2008) Folia Microbiol, 53, pp. 57-61; 
Elaichouni, A., Verschraegen, G., Claeys, G., Devleeschouwer, M., Godard, C., Vaneechoutte, M., Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O12 outbreak studied by arbitrary primer PCR (1994) J.Clin.Microbiol., 32, pp. 666-671; 
Fonseca, A.P., Correia, P., Fonseca, A.F., Tenreiro, R., Sousa, J.C., Polyphasic approach to the characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from a Portuguese Central Hospital (2004) Clin.Microbiol.Infect., 10 (SUPPL. 3), p. 1113; 
Fonseca, A.P., Correia, P., Sousa, J.C., Tenreiro, R., Association patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates as revealed by virulence traits, antibiotic resistance, serotype and genotype (2007) FEMS Immunol.Med.Microbiol., 51, pp. 505-516; 
Grundmann, H., Kropec, A., Hartung, D., Berner, R., Daschner, F., Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a neonatal intensive care unit: Reservoirs and ecology of the nosocomial pathogen (1993) J.Infect.Dis., 168, pp. 943-947; 
Grundmann, H.J., Towner, K.J., Dijkshoorn, L., Gerner-smidt, P., Maher, M., Seifert, H., Vaneechoutte, M., Multicenter study using standardized protocols and reagents for evaluation of reproducibility of PCR-based fingerprinting of Acinetobacter spp (1997) J.Clin.Microbiol., 35, pp. 3071-3077; 
Ho{\v s}tack{\'a}, A., {\v C}i{\v z}n{\'a}r, I., Slobodn{\'\i}kov{\'a}, L., Kotulov{\'a}, D., Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Potential factors of pathogenicity and resistance to antimicrobials (2006) Folia Microbiol, 51, pp. 633-638; 
Hunter, P.R., Gaston, M.M., Numerical index of the discriminatory ability of typing systems: An application of Simpson{\textquoteright}s index of diversity (1989) J.Clin.Microbiol., 26, pp. 2465-2466; 
Huston, W.M., Potter, A.J., Jennings, M.P., Rello, J., Hauser, A.R., McEwan, A.G., Survey of ferroxidase expression and siderophore production in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2004) J.Clin.Microbiol., 42, pp. 2806-2809; 
Jalaluddin, S., Devaster, J.-M., Scheen, R., Gerard, M., Butzler, J.-P., Molecular epidemiological study of nosocomial Enterobacter aerogenes isolates in a Belgian hospital (1998) J.Clin.Microbiol., 36, pp. 1846-1852; 
Juretschko, S., Labombardi, V.J., Lerner, S.A., Schreckenberger, P.C., Pseudomonas AST Study Group: Accuracies of β-lactam susceptibility test results for Pseudomonas aeruginosa with four automated systems (BD Phoenix, MicroScan WalkAway, Vitek, and Vitek 2) (2007) J.Clin.Microbiol., 45, pp. 1339-1342; 
King, E.O., Ward, M.K., Raney, D.E., Two simple media for the demonstration of pyocyanin and fluorescein (1954) J.Lab.Clin.Med., 44, pp. 301-307; 
Kiska, D.L., Gilligan, P.H., Pseudomonas and Burkholderia (1999) Manual of Clinical Microbiology, pp. 517-525. , in P.R.Murray,E.J.Baron,M.A.Pfaller,F.C.Tenover,R.H.Yolken(Eds) 7th ed. American Society for Microbiology,Washington (DC); 
Morales, G., Wiehlmann, L., Gudowius, P., van Delden, C., T{\"u}mmler, B., Mart{\'\i}nez, J.L., Rojo, F., Structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa populations analyzed by single nucleotide polymorphism and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genotyping (2004) J.Bacteriol., 186, pp. 4228-4237; 
Nogueira, J.A., (1995) Pseudomonas Aeruginosa - Agente Nosocomial, , (In Portuguese) PhD Thesis. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto (Portugal); 
Olive, P.B.D., Principles and applications of methods for DNA-based typing of microbial organisms (1999) J.Clin.Microbiol., 37, pp. 1661-1669; 
Pirnay, J.P., de Vos, D., Cochez, C., Bilocq, F., Vanderkelen, A., Zizi, M., Ghysels, B., Cornelis, P., Pseudomonas aeruginosa displays an epidemic population structure (2002) Environ.Microbiol., 4, pp. 898-911; 
Pirnay, J.P., Matthijs, S., Colak, H., Chablain, P., Bilocq, F., Van eldere, J., de Vos, D., Cornelis, P., Global Pseudomonas aeruginosa biodiversity as reflected in a Belgian river (2005) Environ.Microbiol., 7, pp. 969-980; 
Speijer, H., Savelkoulp, P.H.M., Bonten, M.J., Stobberingh, E.E., Tjhie, J.H.T., Application of different genotyping methods for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a setting of endemicity in an intensive care unit (1999) J.Clin.Microbiol., 37, pp. 3654-3661; 
Tenover, F., Arbeit, R.D., Goering, R.V., Mickelsen, P.A., Murray, B.E., Persing, D.H., Swaminathan, B., Interpreting chromosomal DNA restriction patterns produced by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: Criteria for bacterial strain typing (1995) J.Clin. Microbiol., 33, pp. 2233-2239; 
Wiehlmann, L., Wagner, G., Cramer, N., Siebert, B., Gudowius, P., Morales, G., K{\"o}hler, T., T{\"u}mmler, B., Population structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2007) Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci.USA, 104, pp. 8101-8106
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {540 - 546},
	abstract = {The relatedness between clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa obtained from patients during their stay in a Portuguese Central Hospital was evaluated. Genotypic fingerprinting (M13-PCR), phenotypic methods (biotyping and antibiotyping) and epidemiological information (spatial and temporal links) were used to evaluate the relatedness between 88 clinical isolates (68 patients), selected randomly out of 189. Sixty-two M13 types were found, 12 of them containing isolates from more than one patient. Thirty-four antibiotypes were found, as well as a significant association (p < 0.05) between epidemic isolates and multiresistance patterns. The nosocomial transmission of P. aeruginosa strains may be limited since M13 typing demonstrated a high degree of diversity among all the isolates, suggesting the occurrence of mainly independent infectious episodes. The results show the possible occurrence of cross-acquisition, cross-colonization and cross-infection and suggest an epidemic population structure for P. aeruginosa in this hospital.},
	keywords = {antibiotic resistance, article, bacterial DNA, cross infection, disease transmission, DNA, Bacterial, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, epidemiology, genetics, genotype, Hospitals, Teaching, human, Humans, isolation and purification, microbiology, polymerase chain reaction, Portugal, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas infection, Pseudomonas Infections, pulsed field gel electrophoresis, Sampling Studies, statistics, teaching hospital},
	isbn = {00155632 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-65549157108\&partnerID=40\&md5=ba6aed0b4b5f511f340fea96df7b6449},
	author = {Fonseca, A.P. and Correia, P. and Extremina, C.I. and Sousa, J.C. and Tenreiro, R. and Barros, H.}
}
@article {2356,
	title = {Synthesis and cytocompatibility of porous chitosan-silicate hybrids for tissue engineering scaffold application},
	journal = {Chemical Engineering JournalChem. Eng. J.},
	volume = {137},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 13Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: CMEJAdoi: 10.1016/j.cej.2007.10.012Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Osaka, A.; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan; email: osaka@cc.okayama-u.ac.jpReferences: Tateishi, T., Chen, G., Ushida, T., Biodegradable porous scaffolds for tissue engineering (2002) J. Artif. Organs, 5, pp. 77-83;Lee, Y.-K., Mooney, J.D., Hydrogels for tissue engineering (2001) Chem. Rev., 101, pp. 1869-1879; 
Park, S.-N., Park, J.-C., Kim, H.-O., Song, M.-J., Suh, H., Characterization of porous collagne/hyaluronic acid scaffold modified by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide cross-linking (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 1205-1212; 
Kuo, C.-K., Ma, P.-X., Ionically crosslinked alginate hydrogels as scaffolds for tissue engineering: Part 1. Structure, gelation rate and mechanical properties (2001) Biomaterials, 22, pp. 511-521; 
Widmer, M.S., Gupta, P.K., Lu, L., Meszlenyi, R.K., Evans, G.R.D., Brandt, K., Savel, T., Mikos, A.G., Manufacture of porous biodegradable polymer conduits by an extrusion process for guided tissue regeneration (1998) Biomaterials, 19, pp. 1945-1955; 
Wang, Y.-C., Lin, M.-C., Wang, D.-M., Hsieh, H.-J., Fabrication of a novel porous PGA-chitosan hybrid matrix for tissue engineering (2003) Biomaterials, 24, pp. 1047-1057; 
Park, Y.-J., Lee, M.-Y., Lee, J.-Y., Seol, Y.-J., Chung, C.-P., Lee, S.-J., Controlled release of platelet-derived growth factor-BB from chondroitin sulfate-chitosan sponge for guided bone regeneration (2000) J. Control. Release, 67, pp. 385-394; 
Lee, J.-Y., Nam, S.-H., Im, S.-Y., Park, Y.-J., Lee, Y.-M., Seol, Y.-J., Chung, C.-P., Lee, S.-J., Enhanced bone formation by controlled growth factor delivery from chitosan-based biomaterials (2002) J. Control. Release, 78, pp. 187-197; 
Wan, Y., Wu, H., Wen, D., Porous-conductive chitosan scaffolds for tissue engineering: 1. Preparation and characterization (2004) Macromol. Biosci., 4, pp. 882-890; 
Li, J., Pan, J., Zhang, L., Guo, X., Yu, Y., Culture of primary rat hepatocytes within porous chitosan scaffolds (2003) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 67 A, pp. 938-943; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Sol-gel preparation and in vitro deposition of apatite on porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids (2001) J. Non-Cryst. Solid, 285, pp. 116-122; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Novel approach to fabricate porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids for bone tissue engineering (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 4765-4773; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., In vitro cytocompatibility of MG63 cells on chitosan-organosiloxane hybrids membranes (2005) Biomaterials, 26, pp. 485-493; 
Hua, H., Jie, W., Changshengh, L., Development of asymmetric gradational-changed porous chitosan membrane for guided periodontal tissue regeneration (2007) Compos. B, 38, pp. 311-316; 
Clover, J., Gowen, M., Are MG63 and HOS TE 85 human osteosarcoma cell lines representative models of the osteoblastic phenotype? (1994) Bone, 15, pp. 585-5911; 
Kang, H.-W., Tabata, Y., Ikada, Y., Fabrication of porous gelatin scaffolds for tissue engineering (1999) Biomaterials, 20, pp. 1339-1344; 
Ho, M.-H., Kuo, P.-Y., Hsieh, H.-J., Hsien, T.-Y., Hou, L.-T., Lai, J.-Y., Wang, D.-M., Preparation of porous scaffolds by using freeze-extraction and freeze-gelation methods (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 129-138
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {122 - 128},
	abstract = {Chitosan-silicate hybrids with 3D porous structures were prepared with freeze-drying precursor solutions derived from chitosan and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). They were formed easily in any shape, such as sheets, pellets, disks, granules, and even roll-cakes. The pore size was strongly dependent on the freezing temperature: lower freezing temperature resulted smaller pores, about 110 μm for the hybrids frozen at -20 {\textdegree}C, and about 50 μm for those at -85 {\textdegree}C. The pore size was little dependent on the GPTMS content. In contrast, the GPTMS content affected porosity a littlie: \~{}80\% for chitosan, and \~{}90\% for the GPTMS-containing hybrids. Thus, their porous microstructure was controllable due to the freezing temperature and composition. MG63 osteoblastic cells were cultured up to 7 days on the porous hybrids. The cells adhered on the pore walls, proliferated, and migrated deep into the pore structure. It was thus concluded that the present chitosan-silicate hybrids were promising for tissue engineering scaffold applications. {\textcopyright} 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {chitosan, Cytocompatibility, GPTMS, Organic-inorganic hybrid, Osteoblastic cell MG63, Osteoblasts, Pore size, Pore structure, Scaffold, Silicates, Tissue engineering, γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS)},
	isbn = {13858947 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-38949146037\&partnerID=40\&md5=e26163ca30dda2875f5c9dd2316bdd4e},
	author = {Shirosaki, Y. and Okayama, T. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A.}
}
@book {2363,
	title = {Three dimensional macroporous calcium phosphate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {361-363 II},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Teixeira, S.; INEB, Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal; email: smsilva@ineb.up.ptReferences: Rose, F.R., Cyster, L.A., Grant, D.M., Scotchford, C.A., Howdle, S.M., Shakesheff, K.M.K.M., In vitro assessment of cell penetration into porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds with a central aligned channel (2004) Biomaterials, 25 (24), pp. 5507-5514;Anthony, C., Analysis of 3D bone ingrowth into polymer scaffolds via micro-computed tomography imaging (2004) Biomaterials, 25 (20), pp. 4947-4954; 
Teixeira, S., Fernandes, H.M., de Boer, J., Ferraz, M.P., Monteiro, F.J., Mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and morphological analysis on interconnected macroporous structures (2007) Key Engineering Materials, 330-332, pp. 1129-1132. , Vols
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {947 - 950},
	abstract = {Calcium phosphate ceramics are widely used as bone substitutes since they are biocompatible and bioactive. Having a chemical composition close to natural bone, calcium phosphate ceramics are promising bone substitute materials in orthopaedics, maxillofacial surgery and dentistry. Hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) are the most commonly used calcium phosphates, because their calcium/phosphorus (Ca/P) ratios are close to that of natural bone and they are relatively stable in physiological environment. HA is a major constituent of bone materials and is resorbed after a long time of residence in the body. In this work, highly porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds were produced by polymer replication method and their properties evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and micro computerized tomography (μ-CT).},
	keywords = {Biocompatibility, Bone, calcium phosphate, Calcium phosphates, Computerized tomography, Maxillofacial prostheses, Maxillofacial surgery, Micro computerized tomography, Porous, Scaffolds, Scanning electron microscopy, Tissue engineering},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-38149045804\&partnerID=40\&md5=d137e6232587d31ba95a0c04c781c90a},
	author = {Teixeira, S. and Oliveira, S. and Ferraz, M.P. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@conference {2370,
	title = {Efficient approximation of the mahalanobis distance for tracking with the Kalman filter},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Symposium CompIMAGE 2006 - Computational Modelling of Objects Represented in Images: Fundamentals, Methods and ApplicationsProc. Int. Symp. CompIMAGE - Comput. Model. Objects Represent. Images: Fundam., Methods Appl.},
	series = {International Symposium CompIMAGE 2006 - Computational Modelling of Objects Represented in Images: Fundamentals, Methods and Applications},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Conference code: 75470Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusLanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Pinho, R. R.; FEUP- Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do PortoPortugalReferences: Brown, L., Senior, A., Tian, Y., Connell, J., Hampapur, A., Shu, C., Merkl, H., Lu, M., Performance evaluation of surveillance systems under varying conditions (2005) IEEE International Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance, , Colorado, USA;Cucchiara, R., Grana, C., Piccardi, M., Prati, A., Statistic and knowledge-based moving object detection in traffic scenes (2000) IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, , Dearborn, USA; 
Jorge, P., Abrantes, A., Marques, J., On-line tracking groups of pedestrians with bayesian networks (2004) Workshop PETS, , Prague, Czech Republic; 
Kato, N., M. Abe, and Y. Nemoto (1996). A handwritten character recognition system using modified mahalanobis distance. Transactions Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE) J79-D{1), 45-52Kimura, F., Shridhar, M., Handwritten numerical recognition based on multiple algorithms (1991) Pattern Recognition, 24, pp. 969-983; 
Kurita, M., Tsuruoka, S., Yokoi, S., Miyake, Y., Handprinted "kanji" and "hiragana" character recognition using weighting direction index histograms and quasimahalanobis distance. Technical report (1983) IEICE Technical Report, , PRL82-79; 
Lin, L., Bar-Shalom, Y., New assignment-based data association for tracking move-stop-move targets (2004) IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 40 (2), pp. 714-725; 
O{\textquoteright}Malley, P., Nechyba, M., Arroyo, A., Human activity tracking for wide-area surveillance (2002) 2002 Florida Conference on Recent Advances in Robotics, , Miami, USA; 
Pinho, R., Tavares, J., Correia, M., Human movement tracking and analysis with kalman filtering and global optimization techniques (2005) II International Conference On Computational Bioengineering, , Lisbon, Portugal; 
Sun, F., Omachi, S., Kato, N., Aso, H., Kono, S., Takagi, T., Two-stage computational cost reduction algorithm based on mahalanobis distance approximations (2000) International Journal of Pattern Recognition, 2, pp. 2969-2973; 
Welch, G., Bishop, G., An Introduction to Kalman Filter (1995), Technical report, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillWren, C., Azarbayejani, A., Darell, T., Pentland, A., Pfinder: Real-time tracking of the human body (1997) IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 19 (1), pp. 780-785
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {349 - 354},
	address = {Coimbra},
	abstract = {We address the problem of tracking efficiently feature points along image sequences. To estimate the undergoing movement we use an approach based on Kalman filtering which performs the prediction and correction of the features movement in every image frame. In this paper measured data is incorporated by optimizing the global correspondence set based on efficient approximations of the Mahalanobis distances (MD). We analyze the difference between using the MD and its efficient approximation in the tracking results, and also examine the related computational costs. Experimental results which validate our approach are presented. {\textcopyright} 2007 Taylor \& Francis Group.},
	keywords = {Computational costs, Control theory, Feature points, Image frames, Image sequences, Kalman filters, Kalman-filtering, Mahalanobis distances, Measured datum},
	isbn = {9780415433495 (ISBN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-60749099808\&partnerID=40\&md5=4b296b2717f949790bc5897bd42c5950},
	author = {Pinho, R.R. and Tavares, J.M.R.S. and Correia, M.V.}
}
@article {2379,
	title = {Efficient approximation of the mahalanobis distance for tracking with the Kalman filter},
	journal = {International Journal of Simulation ModellingInt. J. Simul. Model.},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 3Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.2507/IJSIMM06(2)S.03Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Pinho, R.R.; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, INEGI - Instituto de Engenharia. Mec{\^a}nica e Gest{\~a}o Industrial, LOMe - Lab. de {\'O}ptica e Mec{\r a}nica ExperimentalPortugal; email: rpinho@fe.up.ptReferences: Wren, C., Azarbayejani, A., Darrell, T., Pentland, A., Pfinder: Real-Time Tracking of the Human Body (1997) IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 19 (7), pp. 780-785;Cucchiara, R., Grana, C., Piccardi, M., Prati, A., Statistic and Knowledge-based Moving Object Detection in Traffic Scenes (2000) Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC2000), , Dearborn, Indiana, USA; 
Jorge, P., Abrantes, A., Marques, J., On-line Tracking Groups of Pedestrians with Bayesian Networks (2004) Workshop PETS, , Prague, Czech Republic; 
Lin, L., Bar-Shalom, Y., New Assignment-Based Data Association for Tracking Move-Stop-Move Targets (2004) IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 40 (2), pp. 714-725; 
O{\textquoteright}Malley, P., Nechyba, M., Arroyo, A., Human Activity Tracking for Wide-Area Surveillance (2002) 2002 Florida Conference on Recent Advances in Robotics, , Miami, USA; 
Kurita, M., Tsuruoka, S., Yokoi, S., Miyak{\'e}, Y., Handprinted "Kanji" and "Hiragana" character recognition using weighting direction index histograms and quasi-Mahalanobis distance (1983) IEICE Technical Report, , PRL82-79; 
Kato, N., Abe, M., Nemoto, Y., A Handwritten Character Recognition System Using Modified Mahalanobis Distance (1996) Transactions Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE), J79-D (L), pp. 45-52; 
Kimura, F., Shridhar, M., Handwritten numerical recognition based on multiple algorithms (1991) Pattern Recognition, 24 (10), pp. 969-983; 
Sun, F., Omachi, S., Kato, N., Aso, H., Kono, S., Takagi, T., Two-Stage Computational Cost Reduction Algorithm Based on Mahalanobis Distance Approximations (2000) International Conference of Pattern Recognition, , Barcelona, Spain; 
Pinho, R., Tavares, J., Correia, M., Human Movement Tracking and Analysis with Kalman Filtering and Global Optimization Techniques (2005) II International Conference On Computational Bioengineering, , Lisbon, Portugal; 
Welch, G., Bishop, G., An Introduction to Kalman Filter (1995), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Technical Report, TR 95-041Pinho, R., Tavares, J., Correia, M., A Movement Tracking Management Model with Kaiman Filtering, Global Optimization Techniques and Mahalanobis Distance (2005) ICCMSE 2005 International Conf. on Computational Methods in Science and Engineering, , Loutraki, Greece; 
Pinho, R., Tavares, J., Correia, M., An Improved Management Model for Tracking Missing Features in Computer Vision Long Image Sequences (2007) WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications, 4 (1), pp. 196-203; 
Brown, L., Senior, A.W., Tian, Y., Connell, J., Hampapur, A., Shu, C., Merkl, H., Lu, M., Performance Evaluation of Surveillance Systems Under Varying Conditions (2005) IEEE Int. Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance, , Colorado, USA
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {84 - 92},
	abstract = {In this paper, we address the problem of tracking feature points along image sequences efficiently. Thus, to estimate the undergoing movement we use an approach based on Kalman filtering, which performs the prediction and correction of the features{\textquoteright} movement in every image frame. Measured data is incorporated by optimizing the global association set built on efficient approximations of the Mahalanobis distance (MD). We analyze the difference between the usage in the tracking results of the original MD formulation and its more efficient approximation, as well as the related computational costs. Experimental results which validate our approach are presented.},
	keywords = {Computational vision, Data association, Kalman filter, Mahalanobis distance, Tracking},
	isbn = {17264529 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34250711808\&partnerID=40\&md5=1c5bde5729463ffbefb5dacc6bacf9fd},
	author = {Pinho, R.R. and Tavares, J.M.R.S. and Correia, M.V.}
}
@conference {2371,
	title = {A Gait Analysis Laboratory for rehabilitation of patients with musculoskeletal impairments},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Symposium CompIMAGE 2006 - Computational Modelling of Objects Represented in Images: Fundamentals, Methods and ApplicationsProc. Int. Symp. CompIMAGE - Comput. Model. Objects Represent. Images: Fundam., Methods Appl.},
	series = {International Symposium CompIMAGE 2006 - Computational Modelling of Objects Represented in Images: Fundamentals, Methods and Applications},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Conference code: 75470Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusLanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Sousa, D. S. S.; INEGI, Instituto de Engenharia Mecǎnica e Gest{\~a}o Industrial, Porto, PortugalReferences: Baker, R., Gait analysis methods in rehabilitation (2006) Journal of Neuro Engineering and Rehabilitation, 3 (1), p. 4;Cappozzo, A., Delia Croce, U., Human movement analysis using stereophotogrammetry. Part I: Theoretical background (2005) Gait \& Posture, 21, pp. 186-196; 
Chau, T., A review of analytical techniques for gait data. Part 1: Fuzzy, statistical and fractal methods (2001) Gait \& Posture, 13 (1), pp. 49-66; 
Davis, R.B., Reflections on clinical gait analysis (1997) Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 7 (4), pp. 251-257; 
Davis III, R.B., Clinical gait analysis (1988) Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, IEEE, 7 (3), pp. 35-40; 
Figueroa, P.J., Leite, N.J., A flexible software for tracking of markers used in human motion analysis (2003) Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 72, pp. 155-165; 
Gavrila, D., The visual analysis of human movement: A survey (1999) Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 73 (1), pp. 82-98; 
Merletti, R., Parker, P., (2004) Electromyography: Physiology, engineering and noninvasive applications, , Wiley-IEEE Press; 
(1978) NASA Reference Publication, , NASA, Springfield: NASA; 
Orlin, M., McPoil, T., Plantar pressure assessment (2000) Physical therapy, 80 (4), pp. 399-409; 
Perry, J., The contribution of dynamic electromyography to gait analysis (1998) Monograph 002: Gait analysis in the science of rehabilitation. 1998, , J. DeLisa ed, Washington, DC; 
Pinho, R., Tavares, J., A Movement Tracking Management Model with Kalman Filtering, Global Optimization Techniques and Mahalanobis Distance (2005) ICCMSE 2005 - International Conference of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering; Loutraki, 21-26 October 2005, , Korinthos: Greece; 
Pinho, R., Tavares, J., Human Movement Tracking and Analysis with Kalman Filtering and Global Optimization Techniques (2005) ICCB2005 - II International Conference on Computational Bioengineering; Instituto Superior T{\'e}cnico, Lisboa, 14-16 September 2005, , Lisboa: Portugal; 
Rosenbaum, D., Becker, H., Plantar pressure distribution measurements. Technical background and clinical applications (1997) Foot and Ankle Surgery, 3 (1), pp. 1-14; 
Roy, K., Force, pressure and motion measurements in the foot: Current concepts (1988) Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery, 5, pp. 491-508; 
Schmalz, T., Blumentrit, S., Energy expenditure and biomechanical characteristics of lower limb amputee gait: The influence of prosthetic alignment and different prosthetic components (2002) Gait \& Posture, 16, pp. 255-263; 
Shabana, A., (2001) Computational Dynamics, , NY: John Wiley; 
Sisto, S. 1998. An overview of the value of information resulting from instrumented gait analysis for the physical therapist. In J. DeLisa (ed.) Monograph 002: Gait analysis in the science of rehabilitation. 1998. Washington, DC. Sutherland, D. 2001. The evolution of clinical gait analysis part 1: kinesiological EMG. Gait \& Posture 14(1): 61-70Sutherland, D., The evolution of clinical gait analysis: Part II Kinematics (2002) Gait \& Posture, 16 (2), pp. 159-179; 
Tavares, J., Bastos, L., Improvement of Modal Matching Image Objects in Dynamic Pedobarography using Optimization Techniques (2005) Electronic Letters on Computer Vision and Image Analysis, special issue on Articuled Motion \& Deformable Objects, 5, pp. 1-20; 
Tavares, J., Barbosa, J., Matching Image Objects in Dynamic Pedobarography (2000) RecPad 2000 - 11th Portuguese Conference on Pattern Recognition; Porto, 11-12 Maio 2000, , Porto, Portugal; 
Urry, S., Plantar pressure-measurement sensors (1999) Measurement Science and Technology, 10, pp. 16-32; 
Whittle, M., Clinical gait analysis: A review (1996) Human Movement Science, 15, pp. 369-387; 
Whittle, M., (2003) Gait analysis an introduction, , Oxford, Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann; 
Winter, D., (2005) Biomechanics and motor control of human movement, , Hoboken: John Wiley \& Sons
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {417 - 422},
	address = {Coimbra},
	abstract = {This paper describes the technology (software \& hardware) used in the Gait Analysis Laboratory of CRPG - Centro de Reabilita{\c c}{\~a}o Projissional de Gaia. This laboratory is mainly intended to support CRPG with quantitative data for clinical rehabilitation of patients with musculoskeletal pathologies, namely in the lower limbs. Usually, for the gait analysis is considered data obtained from several acquisition sensors, such as: image cameras, electromyographic devices, pressure devices and force plates. This paper also presents briefly how quantitative motion analysis can be used for a clinical point of view and it presents the influence of image algorithms in gait rehabilitation. {\textcopyright} 2007 Taylor \& Francis Group.},
	keywords = {Acquisition sensors, Electromyographic, Force plates, Gait analysis, Gait rehabilitations, Image algorithms, Lower limbs, Motion analysis, Patient rehabilitation, Pressure devices, Quantitative datum},
	isbn = {9780415433495 (ISBN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-60749114216\&partnerID=40\&md5=097e0d95d00419c881b3139811e93686},
	author = {Sousa, D.S.S. and Tavares, J.M.R.S. and Correia, M.V. and Barbosa, J.G. and Ch{\~a}, C.V. and Mendes, E.}
}
@article {2387,
	title = {An improved management model for tracking missing features in computer vision long image sequences},
	journal = {WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and ApplicationsWSEAS Trans. Inf. Sci. Appl.},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 6Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusLanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Pinho, R.R.; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, INEGI - Instituto de Engenharia Mec{\^a}nica e Gest{\~a}o Industrial, LOME - Lab. de {\'O}ptica e Mec{\^a}nica Experimental, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; email: rpinho@fe.up.ptReferences: Davison, A., Deutscher, J., Reid, I., "Markerless motion Capture of Complex Full-Body Movement for Character Animation" (2001) Proceedings Eurographics Workshop on Animation and Simulation, , Manchester, UK;Lakany, H., Hayes, G., Hazlewood, M., Hillman, S., "Human Walking: Tracking and Analysis" (1999) IEEE Electronic \& Communications, Colloquium on Motion Analysis and Tracking; 
Rosales, R., Sclaroff, S., "Improved Tracking of Multiple Humans with Trajectory Prediction and Occlusion Modelling" (1998) Proceedings IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Workshop on the Interpretation of Visual Motion, , Santa Barbara, USA; 
Huang, Y., Essa, I., "Tracking Multiple Objects through Occlusions" (2005) IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2005 (CVPR 2005), , San Diego, USA; 
Zhao, T.S., Nevatia, R., "Tracking Multiple Humans in Complex Situations" (2004) IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 26 (9), pp. 1208-1221; 
Pl{\"a}nkers, R., Fua, P., "Tracking and Modeling People in Video Sequences" (2001) Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 81 (3), pp. 285-302; 
Jorge, P., Abrantes, A., Marques, J., "On-line Tracking Groups of Pedestrians with Bayesian Networks" (2004) Workshop PETS, , Prague, Czech Republic; 
Wren, C., Azarbayejani, A., Darrell, T., Pentland, A., "Pfinder: Real-Time Tracking of the Human Body" (1997) IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 19 (7), pp. 780-785; 
Tavares, J., Padilha, A., "Matching Lines in Image Sequences with Geometric Constraints" (1995) 7{\textdegree} Congresso Portugu{\^e}s De Reconhecimento De Padr{\~o}es, , Aveiro, Portugal; 
Pinho, R., Tavares, J., Correia, M., "A Movement Tracking Management Model with Kalman Filtering, Global Optimization Techniques and Mahalanobis Distance" (2005) ICCMSE 2005 - International Conference on Computational Methods in Science and Engineering, , Loutraki, Greece; 
Baumol, W., (1985) Economic Theory and Operations Research, , Prentice-Hall; 
Levy, H., (1994) Capital Investment and Financial Decisions, , Prentice-Hall; 
Pinho, R., Tavares, J., Correia, M., "Human Movement Tracking and Analysis with Kalman Filtering and Global Optimization Techniques" (2005) II International Conference On Computational Bioengineering, , Lisbon, Portugal; 
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {196 - 202},
	abstract = {In this paper we present a management model to deal with the problem of tracking missing features during long image sequences using Computational Vision. Some usual difficulties related with missing features are that they may be temporarily occluded or might even have disappeared definitively, and the computational cost involved should always be reduced to the strictly necessary. The proposed Net Present Value (NPV) model, based on the economic Theory of Capital, considers the tracking of each missing feature as an investment. Thus, using the NPV criterion, with adequate receipt and outlay functions, each occluded feature may be kept on tracking or it may be excluded of the tracking process depending on its historical behavior. This approach may be applied to any tracking system as long as the tracking results may be evaluated in each temporal step, and it can deal with the appearance, occlusion and disappearance of features especially useful for tracking in long image sequences. Experimental results, both on synthetic and real image sequences, which validate our model, will be also presented.},
	keywords = {Automatic target recognition, Computer vision, Feature extraction, Long image sequences, Management, Mathematical models, Missing features, Motion estimation, Net Present Value (NPV), Occlusion, Tracking},
	isbn = {17900832 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34250734547\&partnerID=40\&md5=591b93181afd5b31c2211f092b2cefb0},
	author = {Pinho, R.R. and Tavares, J.M.R.S. and Correia, M.V.}
}
@article {2378,
	title = {Laser surface treatment of hydroxyapatite for enhanced tissue integration: Surface characterization and osteoblastic interaction studies},
	journal = {Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part AJ. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JBMRCdoi: 10.1002/jbm.a.31073PubMed ID: 17252543Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Teixeira, S.; Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal; email: smsilva@ineb.up.ptChemicals/CAS: hydroxyapatite, 1306-06-5, 51198-94-8; Ceramics; Durapatite, 1306-06-5Manufacturers: Plasma BiotalReferences: Teixeira S, Queiroz AC, Monteiro FJ, Ferraz MP, Vilar R, Eugenio S. Osteoblast proliferation and morphology analysis on laser modified hydroxyapatite surfaces: Preliminary results. Bioceramics 2006;18 (Parts 1, 2):309-311, 105-108Fernandez-Pradas, J.M., Cleries, L., Martinez, E., Sardin, G., Esteve, J., Morenza, J.L., Influence of thickness on the properties of hydroxyapatite coatings deposited by KrF laser ablation (2001) Biomaterials, 22, pp. 2171-2175;Fernandez-Pradas, J.M., Cleries, L., Serra, P., Sardin, G., Morenza, J.L., Evolution of the deposition rate during pulsed laser deposition of hydroxyapatite coatings and its relation with target morphology (2001) Appl Phys A: Mater Sci Process, 72, pp. 613-618; 
Foltyn, S.R., Dye, R., Ott, K.C., Peterson, E., Hubbard, K.M., Hutchinson, W., Muenchausen, R.E., Wu, X.D., Target modification in the excimer laser deposition of YBa 2Cu 3O 7-x thin films (1991) Appl Phys Lett, 59, pp. 594-596; 
Khor, K.A., Vreeling, A., Dong, Z.L., Cheang, P., Laser treatment of plasma sprayed HA coatings (1999) Mater Sci Eng A: Struct Mater Prop Microstruct Process, 266 (1-2), pp. 1-7; 
Ricci, J.L., Alexander, H., Laser microtexturing of implant surfaces for enhanced tissue integration (2001) Key Engineering Mater, pp. 198-199,179-202; 
Galli, C., Guizzardi, S., Passeri, G., Martini, D., Tinti, A., Mauro, G., Macaluso, G.M., Comparison of human mandibular osteoblasts grown on two commercially available titanium implant surfaces (2005) J Periodontol, 76, pp. 364-372; 
Oliveira, V., Conde, O., Vilar, R., UV laser micromachining of ceramic materials: Formation of columnar topographies (2001) Adv Eng Mater, 3 (1-2), pp. 75-81; 
Serra, P., FernandezPradas, J., Sardin, G., Morenza, J.L., Interaction effects of an excimer laser beam with hydroxyapatite targets (1997) Appl Surf Sci, 110, pp. 384-388; 
Serra, P., Morenza, J.L., Fluence dependence of hydroxyapatite laser ablation plumes (1998) Thin Solid Films, 335 (1-2), pp. 43-48; 
Duncan, A.C., Weisbuch, F., Rouais, F., Lazare, S., Baquey, C., Laser microfabricated model surfaces for controlled cell growth (2002) Biosens Bioelectron, 17, pp. 413-426; 
Walboomers, X.F., Croes, H.J.E., Ginsel, L.A., Jansen, J.A., Contact guidance of rat fibroblasts on various implant materials (1999) J Biomed Mater Res, 47, pp. 204-212; 
Carvalho, P., Manzanares, M.C., Franch, J., Belmonte, A.M., Lafuente, M.P., Serra, I., Fernandez-Pradas, J.M., Morenza, J.L., Osteointegration of calcium phosphate coatings obtained by pulsed laser deposition (2003) J Dent Res, 82, p. 573; 
Ahmad, M., McCarthy, M., Gronowicz, G., An in vitro model for mineralization of human osteoblast-like cells on implant materials (1999) Biomaterials, 20, pp. 211-220; 
Matsuura, T., Hosokawa, R., Okamoto, K., Kimoto, T., Akagawa, Y., Diverse mechanisms of osteoblast spreading on hydroxyapatite and titanium (2000) Biomaterials, 21, pp. 1121-1127; 
Torricelli, P., Fini, M., Giavaresi, G., Borsari, V., Carpi, A., Nicolini, A., Giardino, R., Comparative interspecies investigation on osteoblast cultures: Data on cell viability and synthetic activity (2003) Biomed Pharmacother, 57, pp. 57-62; 
Boyan, B.D., Lossdoerfer, S., Wang, L., Zhao, G., Lohmann, C.H., Cochran, D.L., Schwartz, Z., Osteoblasts generate an osteogenic microenvironment when grown on surfaces with rough microtopographies (2003) Eur Cell Mater, 6, pp. 22-27; 
Anselme, K., Bigerelle, M., Topography effects of pure titanium substrates on human osteoblast long-term adhesion (2005) Acta Biomater, 1, pp. 211-222; 
Anselme, K., Linez, P., Bigerelle, M., Le Maguer, D., Le Maguer, A., Hardouin, P., Hildebrand, H.F., Leroy, J.M., The relative influence of the topography and chemistry of TiAl 6V 4 surfaces on osteoblastic cell behaviour (2000) Biomaterials, 21, pp. 1567-1577; 
Anselme, K., Noel, B., Hardouin, P., Human osteoblast adhesion on titanium alloy, stainless steel, glass and plastic substrates with same surface topography (1999) J Mater Sci: Mater Med, 10, pp. 815-819; 
Cleries L, Fernandez-Pradas JM, Morenza JL. Bone growth on and resorption of calcium phosphate coatings obtained by pulsed laser deposition. J Biomed Mater Res 2000;49:43. Erratum 2001;57:473Deligianni, D.D., Katsala, N., Ladas, S., Sotiropoulou, D., Amedee, J., Missirlis, Y.F., Effect of surface roughness of the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V on human bone marrow cell response and on protein adsorption (2001) Biomaterials, 22, pp. 1241-1251; 
dos Santos, E.A., Farina, M., Soares, G.A., Specific proliferation rates of human osteoblasts on calcium phosphate surfaces with variable concentrations of α-TCP (2007) Mater Sci Eng, 27, pp. 61-66; 
Hao, L., Lawrence, J., Laser surface treatment of magnesia partially stabilized zirconia for enhanced human skin fibroblast cell response (2004) J Laser Appl, 16, pp. 55-64; 
Kieswetter, K., Schwartz, Z., Dean, D.D., Boyan, B.D., The role of implant surface characteristics in the healing of bone (1996) Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 7, pp. 329-345; 
Salda{\~n}a, L., Gonz{\'n}lez-Carrasco, J.L., Rodriguez, M., Munuera, L., Vilaboa, N., Osteoblast response to plasma-spray porous Ti 6AL 4V coating on substrates of identical alloy (2006) J Biomed Mater Res A, 77, pp. 608-617; 
Lincks, J., Boyan, B.D., Blanchard, C.R., Lohmann, C.H., Liu, Y., Cochran, D.L., Dean, D.D., Schwartz, Z., Response of MG63 osteoblast-like cells to titanium and titanium alloy is dependent on surface roughness and composition (1998) Biomaterials, 19, pp. 2219-2232; 
Martin, J.Y., Dean, D.D., Cochran, D.L., Simpson, J., Boyan, B.D., Schwartz, Z., Proliferation, differentiation, and protein synthesis of human osteoblast-like cells (MG63) cultured on previously used titanium surfaces (1996) Clin Oral Implants Res, 7, pp. 27-37; 
Noth, U., Hendrich, C., Merklein, F., Altvater, T., Rader, C.P., Schutze, N., Eulert, J., Thull, R., Standardised testing of bone-implant surfaces using an osteoblast cell culture system. II. Titanium surfaces of varying degrees of roughness (1999) Biomedizinische Technik, 44 (1-2), pp. 6-11; 
Ponsonnet, L., Reybier, K., Jaffrezic, N., Comte, V., Lagneau, C., Lissac, M., Martelet, C., Relationship between surface properties (roughness, wettability) of titanium and titanium alloys and cell behaviour (2003) Mater Sci Eng C: Biomimetic Supramolecular Syst, 23, pp. 551-560; 
Ramires, P.A., Romito, A., Cosentino, F., Milella, E., The influence of titania/hydroxyapatite composite coatings on in vitro osteoblasts behaviour (2001) Biomaterials, 22, pp. 1467-1474; 
Redey, S.A., Nardin, M., Bernache-Assolant, D., Rey, C., Delannoy, P., Sedel, L., Marie, P.J., Behavior of human osteoblastic cells on stoichiometric hydroxyapatite and type A carbonate apatite: Role of surface energy (2000) J Biomed Mater Res, 50, pp. 353-364; 
Rosa, A.L., Beloti, M.M., van Noort, R., Osteoblastic differentiation of cultured rat bone marrow cells on hydroxyapatite with different surface topography (2003) Dent Mater, 19, pp. 768-772; 
Schmidt, C., Ignatius, A.A., Claes, L.E., Proliferation and differentiation parameters of human osteoblasts on titanium and steel surfaces (2001) J Biomed Mater Res, 54, pp. 209-215; 
Schwartz, Z., Kieswetter, K., Dean, D.D., Boyan, B.D., Underlying mechanisms at the bone-surface interface during regeneration (1997) J Periodontal Res, 32, pp. 166-171; 
Schwartz, Z., Martin, J.Y., Dean, D.D., Simpson, J., Cochran, D.L., Boyan, B.D., Effect of titanium surface roughness on chondrocyte proliferation, matrix production, and differentiation depends on the state of cell maturation (1996) J Biomed Mater Res, 30, pp. 145-155; 
Wang, J., de Boer, J., de Groot, K., Preparation and characterization of electrodeposited calcium phosphate/chitosan coating on Ti 6Al 4V plates (2004) J Dent Res, 83, pp. 296-301; 
Xavier, S.P., Carvalho, P.S.P., Beloti, M.M., Rosa, A.L., Response of rat bone marrow cells to commercially pure titanium submitted to different surface treatments (2003) J Dent, 31, pp. 173-180
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {920 - 929},
	abstract = {Biocompatibility has long been associated with surface microtopography, microtexture, and microchemistry. The surface topography eventually affects the nature and the intensity of the interactions that occur at biomaterial- biological interface (cell adhesion, mobility, spreading, and proliferation). Therefore, it is necessary to produce and work with controlled microtopographical surfaces that present reproducible microdomains of a dimension similar to that of the biological elements of interest (in this case, osteoblasts). There are a number of substrates that already have been studied in terms of surface topography; however, few studies are related to hydroxyapatite (HA) substrates. As it is well established, HA is a well-known ceramic that is extremely used in medical applications, namely implants and coatings. In this work, the surface topography of dense HA substrates was altered by using KFr excimer laser. The surface was characterized by atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements, while the cell distribution and morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results revealed that the surface is characterized by a homogeneous columnar structure with high specific area. Moreover, cells were able to attach and spread on the surface of the samples, and gradually grow into nearly confluent monolayers. {\textcopyright} 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	keywords = {article, Atomic force microscopy, Biocompatibility, biomaterial, cell adhesion, Cell Communication, Cell Line, Tumor, cell motility, cell proliferation, cell spreading, cellular distribution, ceramic prosthesis, ceramics, chemistry, confocal laser microscopy, controlled study, Durapatite, Excimer laser, Excimer lasers, human, human cell, Humans, hydroxyapatite, laser, Lasers, material coating, Microchemistry, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Microtexture, monolayer culture, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, reproducibility, Scanning electron microscopy, Surface microtopography, Surface modification, Surface Properties, surface property, Surface topography, Surface treatment, Tissue engineering},
	isbn = {15493296 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34249742544\&partnerID=40\&md5=b6cb0aaa7b8e4a267b97d91d7171862f},
	author = {Teixeira, S. and Monteiro, F.J. and Ferraz, M.P. and Vilar, R. and Eug{\'e}nio, S.}
}
@book {2383,
	title = {Mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and morphological analysis on interconnected macroporous structures},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {330-332 II},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 2Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Teixeira, S.; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Rua do Campo Alegre,823, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal; email: smsilva@ineb.up.ptReferences: Mastrogiacomo, M., (2006) Biomaterials, 27, p. 3230;Queiroz, A.C., Teixeira, S., Monteiro, F.J., Santos, J.D., (2004) Materials, pp. 455,358. , Science Forum; 
Queiroz, A.C., Teixeira, S., Monteiro, F.J., Santos, J.D., (2004) Key Engineering Materials, pp. 254,997; 
Moroni, L., (2006) Biomaterials, 27, p. 4911
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {1129 - 1132},
	abstract = {Calcium phosphate ceramics are widely used as bone substitutes since they are biocompatible and bioactive. Given that their chemical composition is close to natural bone, calcium phosphate ceramics are promising bone substitute materials in orthopaedics, maxillofacial surgery and dentistry. Hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) are the most commonly used calcium phosphates, because their calcium/phosphorus (Ca/P) ratios are close to that of natural bone and they are relatively stable in physiological environment. Furthermore, other critical parameters must be accomplished when designing a biomaterial for bone regeneration, namely: pore size, shape and interconnectivity [1]. Porosity is one of the most important factors since it influences the adhesion, migration nutrient supply and ultimately, proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, HA scaffolds with controlled porosity were obtained and their capacity to support human and rat mesenchymal stem cells attachment and proliferation was evaluated.},
	keywords = {Biomaterials, Calcium Compounds, cell adhesion, cytology, hydroxyapatite, Macroporous ceramics, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, orthopedics, Phase composition, Physiological models, porosity, Tricalcium phosphate (TCP)},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33846317063\&partnerID=40\&md5=ba9f628d2ad403a6ab70a617a1c9b273},
	author = {Teixeira, S. and Fernandes, H.M. and De Boer, J. and Ferraz, M.P. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@book {2412,
	title = {                    31P MAS-NMR studies of CaO-P
                    2O
                    5 glass ceramics
},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {309-311 I},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Dias, A.G.; Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica (INEB), Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: agdias@fe.up.ptReferences: J{\"a}ger, C., Hartmann, P., Witter, R., Braun, M., (2000) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 263, p. 61;Hartmann, P., Vogel, J., Schnabel, B., (1994) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 176, p. 157; 
Dias, A.G., Lopes, M.A., Gibson, I.R., Santos, J.D., (2003) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 330, p. 81; 
Dias, A.G., Skakle, J.M.S., Gibson, I.R., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., (2005) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 351, p. 810; 
Brow, R.K., (2000) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 263, p. 1; 
Hayakawa, S., Tsuru, S., Iida, H., Ohtsuki, C., Osaka, A., (1996) Phys. Chem. Glasses, 37, p. 188; 
Brown, R.K., Tallant, D.R., Warren, W.L., McIntyre, A., Day, D.E., (1997) Phys. Chem. Glasses, 38, p. 300; 
Kirkpatrick, R.J., Brown, R.K., (1995) Sol. Stat. Nucl. Mag. Resonance, 5, p. 9
},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {301 - 304},
	abstract = {This work reports the structure of two glass ceramics prepared in the calcium phosphate system, MK5B and MT13B, using                        31P MAS-NMR technique. The results obtained showed that the network of MK5B consisted mainly of Q
                        1 and Q
                        2 groups. Besides these two groups, MT13B material also present Q
                        3 units. The Q
                        n groups detected in both glass ceramics seem to be correlated to the crystalline phases present in their microstructure.
},
	keywords = {Biomaterials, calcium phosphate, Crystalline materials, Crystalline phases, Glass ceramics, Lime, MAS-NMR technique, Microstructure, NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33645382187\&partnerID=40\&md5=353cae72417fac19dba1115041250e95},
	author = {Dias, A.G. and Lopes, M.A. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Santos, J.D. and Osaka{\textquoteright}, A.}
}
@article {2394,
	title = {An improved management model for tracking multiple features in long image sequences},
	journal = {WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and ApplicationsWSEAS Trans. Inf. Sci. Appl.},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusLanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Pinho, R.R.; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, INEGI - Instituto de Engenharia Mec{\^a}nica e Gest{\~a}o Industrial, LOME - Lab. de {\'O}ptica e Mec{\^a}nica Experimental, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; email: rpinho@fe.up.ptReferences: Davison, A., Deutscher, J., Reid, I., "Markerless motion Capture of Complex Full-Body Movement for Character Animation" (2001) Proceedings Eurographics Workshop on Animation and Simulation, , Manchester;Lakany, H., Hayes, G., Hazlewood, M., Hillman, S., "Human Walking: Tracking and Analysis" (1999) IEEE Electronic \& Communications, Colloquium on Motion Analysis and Tracking; 
Rosales, R., Sclaroff, S., "Improved Tracking of Multiple Humans with Trajectory Prediction and Occlusion Modelling" (1998) Proceedings IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop on the Interpretation of Visual Motion, , Santa Barbara; 
Huang, Y., Essa, I., "Tracking Multiple Objects through Occlusions" (2005) IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2005 (CVPR 2005), , San Diego, USA; 
Zhao, T., Nevatia, R., "Tracking Multiple Humans in Complex Situations" (2004) IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 26, pp. 1208-1221; 
Pl{\"a}nkers, R., Fua, P., "Tracking and Modeling People in Video Sequences" (2001) Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 81, pp. 285-302; 
Jorge, P., Abrantes, A., Marques, J., "On-line Tracking Groups of Pedestrians with Bayesian Networks" (2004) Workshop PETS, , Prague, Czech Republic; 
Wren, C., Azarbayejani, A., Darrell, T., Pentland, A., "Pfinder: Real-Time Tracking of the Human Body" (1997) IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 19, pp. 780-785; 
Tavares, J., Padilha, A., "Matching Lines in Image Sequences with Geometric Constraints" (1995) 7{\textdegree} Congresso Portugu{\^e}s De Reconhecimento De Padr{\~o}es, , Portugal; 
Pinho, R., Tavares, J., Correia, M., "A Movement Tracking Management Model with Kalman Filtering, Global Optimization Techniques and Mahalanobis Distance" (2005) ICCMSE 2005 - International Conference on Computational Methods in Science and Engineering, , Loutraki, Greece; 
Baumol, W., (1985) Economic Theory and Operations Research, , Prentice-Hall; 
Levy, H., (1994) Capital Investment and Financial Decisions, , Prentice-Hall; 
Pinho, R., Tavares, J., Correia, M., "Human Movement Tracking and Analysis with Kalman Filtering and Global Optimization Techniques" (2005) II International Conference on Computational Bioengineering, , Lisbon, Portugal; 
},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {2165 - 2170},
	abstract = {In this paper we present a management model to deal with the problem of tracking a large number of features during long image sequences. Some usual difficulties are related to this problem: features may be temporarily occluded or might even have disappeared definitively; the computational cost involved should always be reduced to the strictly necessary. The proposed Net Present Value (NPV) model, based on the economic Theory of Capital, considers the tracking of each missing feature as an investment. Thus, using the NPV criterion, with adequate receipt and outlay functions, each occluded feature may be kept on tracking or it may be excluded of the tracking process depending on its historical behavior. This methodology may be applied to any tracking system as long as the tracking results may be evaluated in each temporal step. Experimental results, both on synthetic and real image sequences, which validate our model, will be also presented.},
	keywords = {Computer vision, Costs, Feature extraction, Image sequences, Imaging systems, Management, Management model, Motion estimation, Net Present Value (NPV), Occlusion, Tracking, Tracking (position), Tracking multiple features},
	isbn = {17900832 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33749057299\&partnerID=40\&md5=9dfc702e9143511b35fb1b664f20d9e3},
	author = {Pinho, R.R. and Tavares, J.M.R.S. and Correia, M.V.}
}
@article {2422,
	title = {In vivo performance of biodegradable calcium phosphate glass ceramics using the rabbit model: Histological and SEM observation},
	journal = {Journal of Biomaterials ApplicationsJ. Biomater. Appl.},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 10Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JBAPEdoi: 10.1177/0885328206052466Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica (INEB), Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: jdsantos@fe.up.ptChemicals/CAS: calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5, 13767-12-9, 14358-97-5, 7758-87-4; Bone Substitutes; calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5; Calcium Phosphates; CeramicsReferences: Parikh, S.N., Bone Graft Substitutes in Modern Orthopedics (2002) Orthopedics, 25 (11), pp. 1301-1309;Tomford, W.W., Bone Allografts: Past, Present and Future (2000) Cell and Tissue Banking, 1, pp. 105-109; 
Betz, R.R., Limitations of Autograft and Allograft: New Synthetic Solutions (2002) Orthopedics, 25 (5), pp. S561-S570; 
Lane, J.M., Tomin, E., Bostrom, M.P.G., Biosynthetic Bone Grafting, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (1999) Supplement S, 367, pp. S107-S117; 
Gazdag, A.R., Lane, J.M., Glaser, D., Forster, R.A., Alternatives to Autogenous Bone Graft: Efficacy and Indications (1995) Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 3 (1); 
Vaccaro, A.R., The Role of the Osteoconductive Scaffold in Synthetic Bone Grafts (2002) Orthopedics, 25 (5), pp. S571-S578; 
Damien, C.J., Parsons, J.R., Bone-Graft and Bone-Graft Substitutes - A Review of Current Technology and Applications (1991) Journal of Applied Biomaterials, 2 (3), pp. 187-208; 
Porter, A.E., Patel, N., Skepper, J.N., Best, S.M., Bonfield, W., Comparison of in vivo Dissolution Processes in Hydroxyapatite and Silicon-substituted Hydroxyapatite Bioceramics (2003) Biomaterials, 24 (25), pp. 4609-4620; 
Raynaud, S., Champion, E., Lafon, J.P., Bernache-Assollant, D., Calcium Phosphate Apatites with Variable Ca/P Atomic Ratio III Mechanical Properties and Degradation in Solution of Hot Pressed Ceramics (2002) Biomaterials 23, 4, pp. 1081-1089; 
Klein, C., Wolke, J.G.C., Deblieckhogervorst, J.M.A., Degroot, K., Features of Calcium-Phosphate Plasma-Sprayed Coatings - An in-vitro Study (1994) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 28 (8), pp. 961-967; 
Brow, R.K., Review: The Structure of Simple Phosphate Glasses (2000) Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 263 (1-4), pp. 1-28; 
Shelby, J.E., (1997) Introduction to Glass Science and Technology, , The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK; 
Fini, M., Giardino, R., In vitro and in vivo Tests for the Biological Evaluation of Candidate Orthopedic Materials: Benefits and Limits (2003) Journal of Applied Biomaterials \& Biomechanics, 1, pp. 155-163; 
Ratner, B.D., Hoffman, A.S., Schoen, F.J., Lemons, F.J., (1996) Biomaterials Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine, , Academic Press; 
Dias, A.G., Lopes, M.A., Gibson, I.R., Santos, J.D., In vitro Degradation Studies of Calcium Phosphate Glass Ceramics Prepared by Controlled Crystallization (2003) Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 330 (1-3), pp. 81-89; 
Dias, A.G., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Protein Adsorption Effect on in vitro Acellular Biodegradation of CaO-P 2O 5 Glass Ceramics (2004) Advanced Materials Forum, 455-456, pp. 398-401; 
Dias, A.G., Skakle, J.M.S., Gibson, I.R., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., In situ Thermal and Structural Characterization of Bioactive Calcium Phosphate Glass Ceramics Containing TiO 2 and MgO Oxides: HT-XRD Studies (2005) Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 351, pp. 810-817; 
Dias, A.G., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, T., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Osaka, A., Crystallisation Studies of Biodegradable CaO-P 2O 5 Glass with MgO and TiO 2 for Bone Regeneration Applications (2004) Glass Technology, 45 (2), pp. 78-79; 
Gross, U., Muller-Mai, C., Voigt, C., Mesgarian, M., Berger, G., Ploska, U., Tissue Response in the Femur of Rabbits after Implantation of a New Calcium Titanium Phosphate Composition (2000) Key Engineering Materials, 192, pp. 383-386; 
Kitsugi, T., Yamamuro, T., Nakamura, T., Masanori, O., Transmission Electron Microscopy Observations at the Interface of Bone and Four Types of Calcium Phosphate Ceramics with Different Calcium/ Phosphorous Molar Ratios (1995) Biomaterials, 16 (14), pp. 1101-1107; 
Chun, S., Jeong, J.H., Kim, K-H., Kim, S., Biodegradation Study of Amorphous and Crystalline Calcium Metaphosphate in the SBF and Tris-buffer Solution (2000) Key Engineering Materials, 192, pp. 131-134; 
Chun, S., Na, S.W., Lee, J.H., Chung, J.P., Ryu, I.C., Kim, S.Y., Biodegradation Study of Potassium Calcium Metaphosphate in the SBF and Tris-buffer Solution (2002) Key Engineering Materials, 218, pp. 149-152; 
Lin, F.H., Liao, C.J., Chen, K.S., Sun, J.S., Liu, H.C., Degradation Behaviour of a New Bioceramic: Ca 2P 2O 7 with Addition of Na 4P 2O 7 {\textperiodcentered} 10H 2O (1997) Biomaterials, 18 (13), pp. 915-921; 
Koerten, H.K., van der Meulen, J., Degradation of Calcium Phosphate Ceramics (1999) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 44 (1), pp. 78-86; 
Kwon, S.H., Jun, Y.K., Hong, S.H., Kim, H.E., Synthesis and Dissolution Behavior of Beta-TCP and HA/Beta-TCP Composite Powders (2003) Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 23 (7), pp. 1039-1045; 
Lu, J.X., Gallur, A., Flautre, B., Anselme, K., Descamps, M., Thierry, B., Comparative Study of Tissue Reactions to Calcium Phosphate Ceramics among Cancellous, Cortical, and Medullar Bone Sites in Rabbits (1998) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 42 (3), pp. 357-367; 
Yuan, H.P., De Bruijn, J.D., Li, Y.B., Feng, J.Q., Yang, Z.J., De Groot, K., Zhang, X.D., Bone Formation Induced by Calcium Phosphate Ceramics in Soft Tissue of Dogs: A Comparative Study Between Porous α-TCP and Β-TCP (2001) Journal of Materials Science-Materials in Medicine, 12 (1), pp. 7-13; 
Jiaxi, L., Michel, D., Jacques, D., Gilles, K., Pierre, H., Jacques, L., The Biodegradation Mechanism of Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials in Bone Journal of Biomedical Materials Research (Applied Biomaterials), 63, pp. 408-412; 
Legeros, R.Z., Biodegradation and Bioresorption of Calcium Phosphate Ceramics (1993) Clinic Materials, 14, pp. 65-88; 
Yli-Urpo, H., Vallittu, P.K., Narhi, T.O., Forsback, A.P., Vakiparta, M., Release of Silica, Calcium, Phosphorus, and Fluoride from Glass Ionomer Cement Containing Bioactive Glass (2004) Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 19 (1), pp. 5-20; 
John, A., Varma, H.K., Kumari, T.V., Surface Reactivity of Calcium Phosphate based Ceramics in a Cell Culture System (2003) Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 18 (1), pp. 63-78; 
Dias, A.G., Lopes, M.A., Gibson, I.R., Skakle, J.M.S., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Santos, J.D., Studies of Calcium Phosphate Glass Ceramic Containing TiO 2 and MgO Ions: Dissolution Behavior, , vitro (submitted)
},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {253 - 266},
	abstract = {Two MK5 (45CaO-45P                        2O
                        5-5MGO-5K
                        2O, in mol\% and MT13 (45CaO-37P
                        2O
                        5-5MgO-13TiO 
                        2, in mol\%) glasses are prepared in the meta- and pyrophosphate regions and crystallized to obtain MK5B and MT13B, respectively. MK5B was obtained by controlled crystallization, and MT13B by powder sintering. As a result of these heat treatment processes, the crystalline phases precipitated in the glassy matrix are KCa(PO
                        3)
                        3, β-Ca(PO
                        3)
                        2, β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 and Ca
                        4P
                        6O
                        19 phases for MK5B and CaTi
                        4(PO
                        4)
                        6, TiP
                        2O
                        7, α- and β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 phases for MT13B. To assess the in vivo biological behavior of these glass ceramics, a mixed granulometry in the range 250-355 μm and 355-425 μm with a ratio of 1/1 was implanted for 2, 4, and 12 weeks in the tibiae of Japanese white rabbits. The results showed that the in vivo behavior was strongly affected by their solubility. All implanted materials, MK5B and MT13B, and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) as control material, showed signs of degradation in vivo. However, the levels of degradation were quite different throughout the implantation periods. The highest degradation was observed for MK5B glass ceramic and the lowest for MT13B with β-TCP in-between. All implanted materials allow for new bone formation in the bone defect area. At the longest implantation period (12 weeks), the MT13B and β-TCP materials were almost completely surrounded by new bone tissue, whereas MK5B showed some unfilled spaces. This behavior is discussed in terms of the high degradation observed in previous studies. {\textcopyright} 2006 SAGE Publications.
},
	keywords = {Absorbable Implants, animal, Animals, article, Biodegradable glass ceramics, biodegradable implant, Biodegradation, bone prosthesis, Bone Substitutes, bone tissue, Calcium Compounds, calcium phosphate, Calcium phosphates, ceramics, chemistry, disease model, Disease Models, Animal, glass, Glass ceramics, histology, Imaging techniques, In vivo testing, materials testing, Optical microscopy, Pathology, rabbit, Rabbits, Scanning electron microscopy, tibia fracture, Tibial Fractures, Tissue, treatment outcome, X ray diffraction analysis},
	isbn = {08853282 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-31644441745\&partnerID=40\&md5=68f1ef16695697c5125c50fd348eccb0},
	author = {Dias, A.G. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Afonso, A. and Tsuru, K. and Osaka, A. and Hayakawa, S. and Takashima, S. and Kurabayashi, Y.}
}
@article {2408,
	title = {Leptin effect on RANKL and OPG expression in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts},
	journal = {Journal of Cellular BiochemistryJ. Cell. Biochem.},
	volume = {98},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 17Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JCEBDdoi: 10.1002/jcb.20853PubMed ID: 16479591Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Lamghari, M.; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal; email: lamghari@ineb.up.ptChemicals/CAS: osteoclast differentiation factor, 200145-93-3; osteoprotegerin, 205944-50-9; Alkaline Phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.1; Carrier Proteins; Glycoproteins; leptin receptor; Leptin; Membrane Glycoproteins; Osteoprotegerin; RANK Ligand; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; RNA, Messenger; Tnfrsf11a protein, mouse; Tnfrsf11b protein, mouse; Tnfsf11 protein, mouseReferences: Burguera, B., Hofbauer, L.C., Thomas, T., Gori, F., Evans, G.L., Khosla, S., Riggs, B.L., Turner, R.T., Leptin reduces ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats (2001) Endocrinology, 142, pp. 3546-3553;Cornish, J., Callon, K.E., Bava, U., Lin, C., Naot, D., Hill, B.L., Grey, A.B., Reid, I.R., Leptin directly regulates bone cell function in vitro and reduces bone fragility in vivo (2002) J Endocrinol, 175, pp. 405-415; 
Ducy, P., Amling, M., Takeda, S., Priemel, M., Schilling, A.F., Beil, F.T., Shen, J., Karsenty, G., Leptin inhibits bone formation through a hypothalamic relay: A central control of bone mass (2000) Cell, 100, pp. 197-207; 
Elefteriou, F., Ahn, J.D., Takeda, S., Starbuck, M., Yang, X., Liu, X., Kondo, H., Karsenty, G., Leptin regulation of bone resorption by the sympathetic nervous system and CART (2005) Nature, 434, pp. 514-520; 
Elmquist, J.K., Hypothalamic pathways underlying the endocrine, autonomic, and behavioral effects of leptin (2001) Physiol Behav, 74, pp. 703-708; 
Gordeladze, J.O., Drevon, C.A., Syversen, U., Reseland, J.E., Leptin stimulates human osteoblastic cell proliferation, de novo collagen synthesis, and mineralization: Impact on differentiation markers, apoptosis, and osteoclastic signaling (2002) J Cell Biochem, 85, pp. 825-836; 
Holloway, W.R., Collier, F.M., Aitken, C.J., Myers, D.E., Hodge, J.M., Malakellis, M., Gough, T.J., Nicholson, G.C., Leptin inhibits osteoclast generation (2002) J Bone Miner Res, 17, pp. 200-209; 
Horwood, N.J., Elliott, J., Martin, T.J., Gillespie, M.T., Osteotropic agents regulate the expression of osteoclast differentiation factor and osteoprotegerin in osteoblastic stromal cells (1998) Endocrinology, 139, pp. 4743-4746; 
Kanematsu, M., Yoshimura, K., Takaoki, M., Sato, A., Vector-averaged gravity regulates gene expression of receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) ligand and osteoprotegerin in bone marrow stromal cells via cyclic AMP/protein kinase A pathway (2002) Bone, 30, pp. 553-558; 
Lacely, D.L., Timms, E., Tan, H.L., Dunstan, C.R., Burgess, T., Elliott, R., Colombero, A., Boyle, W.J., Osteoproteferin ligand is a cytokine that regulates osteoclast differentiation and activation (1998) Cell, 93, pp. 165-167; 
Lee, S.K., Lorenzo, J.A., Parathyroid hormone stimulates TRANCE and inhibits osteoprotegerin messenger ribonucleic acid expression in murine bone marrow cultures: Correlation with osteoclast-like cell formation (1999) Endocrinology, 140, pp. 3552-3561; 
Lee, S.K., Lorenzo, J.A., Regulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and osteoprotegerin mRNA expression by parathyroid hormone is predominantly mediated by the protein kinase a pathway in murine bone marrow cultures (2002) Bone, 31, pp. 252-259; 
Lee, Y.J., Park, J.H., Ju, S.K., You, K.H., Ko, J.S., Kim, H.M., Leptin receptor isoform expression in rat osteoblasts and their functional analysis (2002) FEBS Lett, 528, pp. 43-47; 
Liu, J., Yang, H., Liu, W., Cao, X., Feng, X., Sp1 and Sp3 regulate the basal transcription of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand gene in osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells (2005) J Cell Biochem, 96 (4), pp. 716-727; 
Martin, A., De Vittoris, R., David, V., Moraes, R., B{\'e}geot, M., Lafage-Proust, M.H., Alexandre, C., Thomas, T., Leptin modulates both r{\'e}sorption and formation while preventing disuse-induced bone loss in tail-suspended female rats (2005) Endocrinology, 146, pp. 3652-3659; 
Nagai, M., Sato, N., Reciprocal gene expression of osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor and osteoclast differentiation factor regulates osteoclast formation (1999) Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 257, pp. 719-723; 
Nakajima, R., Inada, H., Koike, T., Yamano, T., Effects of leptin to cultured growth plate chondrocytes (2003) Horm Res, 60 (2), pp. 91-98; 
Parhami, F., Tintut, Y., Ballard, A., Fogelman, A.M., Demer, L.L., Leptin enhances the calcification of vascular cells: Artery wall as a target of leptin (2001) Circ Res, 88 (9), pp. 954-960; 
Reseland, J.E., Syversen, U., Bakke, I., Ovigstad, G., Eide, L.G., Hjertner, O., Gordeladze, J.O., Drevon, C.A., Leptin is expressed in and secreted from primary cultures of human osteoblasts and promotes bone mineralization (2001) J Bone Miner Res, 16, pp. 1426-11414; 
Rubin, J., Ackert-Bicknell, C., Zhu, L., Fan, X., Murphy, T., Nanes, M., Marcus, R., Rosen, C., Insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I) regulates osteoprotegerin (OPG) and RANK ligand (RANKL) in vitro and osteoprotogerin in vivo (2002) J Clin Endocrinal Metab, 87, pp. 4273-4279; 
Rubin, J., Murphy, T., Fan, X., Goldschmidt, M., Taylor, W., Mechanical strain inhibits RANKL expression through activation of ERK1/2 in bone marrow stromal cells (2002) J Bone Miner Res, 17, pp. 1452-1460; 
Simonet, W.S., Lacey, D.L., Dunstan, C.R., Kelley, M., Chang, M.S., Luthy, R., Nguyen, H.Q., Boyle, W.J., Osteoprotegerin: A novel secreted protein involved in the regulation of bone density (1997) Cell, 89, pp. 309-319; 
Steppan, C.M., Crawford, T., Chidsey-Frink, K.L., Ke, H.Z., Swick, A.G., Leptin is a potent stimulator of bone growth in ob/ob mice (2000) Regul Pept, 92, pp. 73-78; 
Suda, T., Ueno, Y., Fujii, K., Shinki, T., Vitamin D and bone (2003) J Cell Biochem, 88, pp. 259-266; 
Thomas, T., Gori, F., Khosla, S., Jensen, M.D., Burguera, B., Riggs, B.L., Leptin acts on human marrow stromal cells to enhance differentiation to osteoblasts and to inhibit differentiation to adipocytes (1999) Endocrinology, 140, pp. 1630-1638; 
Udagawa, N., Takahashi, N., Yasuda, H., Mizuno, A., Itoh, K., Ueno, Y., Shinki, T., Suda, T., Osteoprotegerin produced by osteoblasts is an important regulator in osteoclast development and function (2000) Endocrinology, 141, pp. 3478-3484; 
Wamoto, I., Fujino, T., Douchi, T., The leptin receptor in human osteoblasts and the direct effect of leptin on bone metabolism (2004) Gynecol Endocrinol, 19, pp. 97-104; 
Yasuda, H., Shima, N., Nakagawa, N., Yamaguchi, K., Kinosaki, M., Mochizuki, S., Tomoyasu, A., Suda, T., Osteoclast differentiation factor is a ligand for osteoprotegerin/ osteoclastogenesis-inhibitory factor and is identical to TRANCE/RANKL (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95, pp. 3597-3602
},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {1123 - 1129},
	abstract = {Recent studies have suggested that leptin hormone may play a pivotal role on bone remodeling through a direct effect by modulating positively the OPG/RANKL balance. Here, we investigate the effect of leptin hormone on RANKL and OPG expression in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts using RT-PCR and ELISA measurements. We have at first identified the expression of Ob-Rb and Ob-Ra leptin receptor isoforms in MC3T3-E1 and observed that these cells respond to mrleptin treatments. We then investigated the effect of mrleptin on RANKL and OPG expression. We show that mrleptin dose-dependently regulated the expression of RANKL mRNA with complete inhibition observed at concentrations higher than 12 ng/ml. This effect was confirmed with sRANKL protein measurements. However, the exposure of MC3T3-E1 to mrleptin had no effect on OPG mRNA. Taken together, these results suggest that leptin modulates positively OPG/RANKL balance by inhibiting the expression of RANKL gene. {\textcopyright} 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, animal cell, Animals, article, bone remodeling, Carrier Proteins, Cell Line, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, gene expression, gene expression regulation, Glycoproteins, hormone action, leptin, leptin receptor, leptin receptor a, leptin receptor b, MC3T3-E1, Membrane Glycoproteins, messenger RNA, Mice, mouse, nonhuman, Ob-Ra, Ob-Rb, OPG, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, osteoclast differentiation factor, Osteoprotegerin, priority journal, protein expression, RANK Ligand, RANKL, Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B, Receptors, Cell Surface, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, RNA extraction, RNA, Messenger, unclassified drug},
	isbn = {07302312 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33746452603\&partnerID=40\&md5=f5eb37e7159ced26f3b7e756d59bc1bb},
	author = {Lamghari, M. and Tavares, L. and Camboa, N. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@book {2413,
	title = {Osteoblast proliferation and morphology analysis on laser modified hydroxyapatite surfaces: Preliminary results},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {309-311 I},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Teixeira, S.; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomaterlais, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal; email: smsilva@ineb.up.ptReferences: Duncan, A.C., Laser microfabricated model surfaces for controlled cell growth (2002) Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 17, pp. 413-426;Walboomers, X.F., Contact guidance of rat fibroblasts on various implant materials (1999) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 47, pp. 204-212; 
Queiroz, A.C., Laser surface modifications of hydroxyapatite and glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 4607-4614; 
Ahmad, M., McCarthy, M.B., Gronowicz, G., An in vitro model for mineralization of human osteoblasts-like cells on implant materials (1999) Biomaterials, 20, pp. 211-220
},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {105 - 108},
	abstract = {Biocompatibility has long been associated with surface microtopography, microtexture and microchemistry. The surface topography ultimately affects the nature and the strength of the interactions that occur at biomaterial-biological environment (cell adhesion, mobility, spreading and proliferation). Thus, it is necessary to produce and work with controlled microtopographical surfaces that present reproducible microdomains of a dimension similar to that of the biological elements of interest (for instance, cells). [1] There are a number of substrates that already have been studied (such as silicone, polystyrene, poly-L-lactic acid and titanium coated polystyrene) in terms of surface topography. [2] However, few studies are related to hydroxyapatite substrates. As it is well established, hydroxyapatite is a well known ceramic that is extremely used in medical applications, namely implants and coatings. In this work, the surface topography of dense hydroxyapatite substrates was altered by using KFr excimer laser. Excimer lasers produce high-intensity, pulsed ultraviolet radiation and are especially well suited for materials processing due to their large beam cross-section area, which permits using mask projection technologies to process relatively large areas in a single step.[3].},
	keywords = {Bone, cell adhesion, Cells, Ceramic materials, Excimer laser, Excimer lasers, hydroxyapatite, Microtexture, Microtopography, morphology, Strength of materials, Surface modification, Surface topography, Surface treatment},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33645413875\&partnerID=40\&md5=0234521c5cb850a0ff51ca4c64c39074},
	author = {Teixeira, S. and Queiroz, A.C. and Monteiro, F.J. and Ferraz, M.P. and Vilar, R. and Eug{\'e}nio, S.}
}
@article {2393,
	title = {Time-lapse analysis of stem-cell divisions in the Arabidopsis thaliana root meristem},
	journal = {Plant JournalPlant J.},
	volume = {48},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 33Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: PLJUEdoi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.02892.xPubMed ID: 17087761Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Scheres, B.; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; email: b.scheres@bio.uu.nlReferences: Aida, M., Beis, D., Heidstra, R., Willemsen, V., Blilou, I., Galinha, C., Nussaume, L., Scheres, B., The PLETHORA genes mediate patterning of the Arabidopsis root stem cell niche (2004) Cell, 119, pp. 109-120;Baskin, T.I., On the constancy of cell-division rate in the root meristem (2000) Plant Mol. Biol., 43, pp. 545-554; 
Van Den Berg, C., Willemsen, V., Hendriks, G., Weisbeek, P., Scheres, B., Short-range control of cell differentiation in the Arabidopsis root meristem (1997) Nature, 390, pp. 287-289; 
Van Den Berg, C., Hage, W., Weisbeek, P., Scheres, B., Laser ablation in Arabidopsis roots: A tool to study cell-to-cell communication (1998) NATO ASI Ser., H104, pp. 237-250; 
Boisnard-Lorig, C., Colon-Carmona, A., Bauch, M., Hodge, S., Doerner, P., Bancharel, E., Dumas, C., Berger, F., Dynamic analyses of the expression of the HISTONE::YFP fusion protein in Arabidopsis show that syncytial endosperm is divided in mitotic domains (2001) Plant Cell, 13, pp. 495-509; 
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},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {619 - 627},
	abstract = {In the Arabidopsis root, asymmetric stem-cell divisions produce daughters that form the different root cell types. Here we report the establishment of a confocal tracking system that allows the analysis of numbers and orientations of cell divisions in root stem cells. The system provides direct evidence that stem cells have lower division rates than cells in the proximal meristem. It also allows tracking of cell division timing, which we have used to analyse the synchronization of root cap divisions. Finally, it gives new insights into lateral root cap formation: epidermal stem-cell daughters can rotate the orientation of the division plane like the stem cell. {\textcopyright} 2006 The Authors.},
	keywords = {Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis thaliana, article, cell cycle, Cell Division, Cells, cytology, Development, Growth, Growth kinetics, Image analysis, meristem, Photoperiod, photoperiodicity, Plant, plant root, Plant roots, Plants, Plants (botany), Real-time, stem cell, Stem cells, Stem-cell daughters, time, Time Factors},
	isbn = {09607412 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33750557662\&partnerID=40\&md5=84fa447f2b750bbd4f5de3d4d7978a4d},
	author = {Campilho, A. and Garcia, B. and Toorn, H.V.D. and Wijk, H.V. and Campilho, A. and Scheres, B.}
}
@article {2453,
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	year = {2005},
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},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {153 - 162},
	abstract = {Bone grafts are nowadays the subject of extensive research worldwide, aimed at overcoming limitations associated with the use of autografts or bone banks to fill bone defects. Additionally, the use of osteogenic substances opens new perspectives in the treatment of fractures, pseudarthroses and vertebral arthrodeses. Due to the large amount of information available in the area of bone grafts, this paper aims not only to revise general concepts but also to summarize what has been published recently in the area of bone substitutes for bone regeneration. {\textcopyright}ArquiMed, 2006.},
	keywords = {Autografts, biomaterial, bone defect, bone demineralization, bone development, Bone graft, Bone growth factors, Bone morphogenetic protein, bone prosthesis, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, cortical bone, fibroblast growth factor, fracture, health care facility, health status, human, hydroxyapatite, platelet derived growth factor, pseudarthrosis, publication, review, somatomedin C derivative, spondylarthritis, transforming growth factor},
	isbn = {08713413 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33748855173\&partnerID=40\&md5=494dbb696981df5711e7dda7d1393224},
	author = {Gutierres, M. and Ascens{\~a}o Lopes, M. and Sooraj Hussain, N. and Trigo Cabral, A. and Almeida, L. and Domingos Santos, J.}
}
@article {2445,
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	year = {2005},
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Trystram, D., Scheduling parallel applications using malleable tasks on clusters (2001) 15th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {1440 - 1448},
	abstract = {The aim of data and task parallel scheduling for dense linear algebra kernels is to minimize the processing time of an application composed by several linear algebra kernels. The scheduling strategy presented here combines the task parallelism used when scheduling independent tasks and the data parallelism used for linear algebra kernels. This problem has been studied for scheduling independent tasks on homogeneous machines. Here it is proposed a methodology for heterogeneous clusters and it is shown that significant improvements can be achieved with this strategy.},
	keywords = {Computational complexity, Computer simulation, Heterogeneous clusters, Linear algebra, Mathematical models, Optimization, Parallel algorithms, Parallel processing systems, Parallel tasks, Static scheduling},
	isbn = {11092750 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-24644509861\&partnerID=40\&md5=d5dd6aa387a7cabccd8935372bdb5a12},
	author = {Morais, C. and Barbosa, J. and Tadeu, P.}
}
@book {2437,
	title = {In vitro biodegradability of chitosan-organosiloxane hybrid membrane},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {284-286},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 2Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Tsuru, K.; Faculty of Engineering, Biomaterial Laboratory, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; email: kanji@cc.okayama-u.ac.jpReferences: Chandy, T., Sharma, P.C., (1990) Biomat Art Cells Art Org, 18, pp. 1-24;Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., (2001) J Ceram Soc Japan, 109, pp. 403-408; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 4765-4773; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2004) Key Engineering Materials, 254-256, pp. 857-860; 
Shirosaki, Y., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, M.H., (2005) Biomaterials, 26, pp. 485-493; 
S. Prochazkova, K. M. V{\r a}rum, K. {\O}stgaard, Carbohydrate Polymers, 38 (1999), p. 115-122Brinker, J.C., Scherer, G.W., (1989) Sol-Gel Science, The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing, , Academic Press, San Diego
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {823 - 826},
	abstract = {Chitosan-silicate hybrid membranes were prepared using γ- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM) through a sol-gel process. The amino groups of chitosan chains were reacted with the epoxy groups of GPSM and GPSM have a function as the agent to cross-link the chitosan chains. The cross-linking degree of the hybrid membranes was determined by ninhydrin assay. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and                        29Si cross-polarization (CP) magic-angle spinning (MAS)-NMR spectroscopy were used to assess the structure of the hybrid membranes. The biodegradability of the hybrid membranes in phosphate-buffered saline solution or lysozyme solution was investigated as a function of the GPSM concentration.
},
	keywords = {biodegradability, Biological membranes, chitosan, Chitosan chains, Chitosan inorganic hybrid membranes, Chitosan-lnorganlc hybrid, Crosslinking, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, R- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane GPSM, Reaction kinetics, Silicates, Sol-gel process},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34249091650\&partnerID=40\&md5=51e1b69bd7dc1b4c23b022e4ec338e8a},
	author = {Tsuru, K. and Shirosaki, Y. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Fernandas, M.H.}
}
@article {2459,
	title = {In vitro cytocompatibility of MG63 cells on chitosan-organosiloxane hybrid membranes},
	journal = {BiomaterialsBiomaterials},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 55Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BIMADdoi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.02.056PubMed ID: 15276356Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Hayakawa, S.; Biomaterial Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama Univ., 3-1-1 T., Okayama-shi, Japan; email: satoshi@cc.okayama-u.ac.jpChemicals/CAS: calcium chloride, 10043-52-4; Alkaline Phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.1; Biocompatible Materials; Calcium, 7440-70-2; Chitosan, 9012-76-4; Cross-Linking Reagents; gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2530-83-8; Membranes, Artificial; Neoplasm Proteins; SilanesManufacturers: Chisso, Japan; Kasei, JapanReferences: Park, J.B., Lakes, R.S., (1992) Biomaterials An Introduction, pp. 223-234. , New York: Plenum Press;Wise, D.L., (2000) Biomaterials and Bioengineering Handbook, pp. 556-559. , New York: Marcel Dekker; 
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Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Osaka, A., Novel approach to fabricate porous gelatin-siloxane hybrids for bone tissue engineering (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 4765-4773; 
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Bilezikian, J.P., Raisz, L.G., Rodan, G.A., (2002) Principles of Bone Biology, p. 1325. , New York: Academic Press
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {485 - 493},
	abstract = {Chitosan-silicate hybrids were synthesized using γ- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM) as the agent for cross-linking the chitosan chains. CaCl                        2 was introduced in the hybrids in expectation that it would improve cell adhesion and differentiation of the hybrid surfaces. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and 
                        29Si CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy were used to analyze the structures of the hybrids. Cytocompatibility of the hybrids was investigated in terms of proliferation of an osteoblastic cell line, MG63. The adhesion and proliferation of the osteoblastic cells cultured on the surface of a chitosan-GPSM hybrid without calcium were similar to those on a control culture plate, and were better than those on a chitosan membrane. The ALP activity of the cells cultured on this hybrid was higher than that on the chitosan membrane. Contrary to expectations, the incorporation of calcium ions into the hybrids did not improve cell attachment and proliferation on their surfaces. {\textcopyright} 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, article, artificial membrane, Biocompatibility, Biocompatible Materials, Bone Neoplasms, Calcium, calcium chloride, cell adhesion, Cell attachments, Cell culture, cell differentiation, Cell Division, Cell Line, Tumor, chitosan, chitosan derivative, controlled study, cross linking, Cross-Linking Reagents, Crosslinking, Cytocompatibility, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, human, human cell, Humans, hybrid, infrared spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, materials testing, Membranes, Artificial, MG63 osteoblastic cells, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Neoplasm Proteins, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Organic-inorganic hybrid, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, Osteosarcoma, priority journal, Silanes, Silicates, siloxane, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, structure analysis, surface property, Synthesis (chemical), wettability, γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM)},
	isbn = {01429612 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3242791810\&partnerID=40\&md5=a22c21444fa3d2843a8783bb42f6ebc1},
	author = {Shirosaki, Y. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Fernandes, M.H.}
}
@article {2448,
	title = {In vitro studies of calcium phosphate glass ceramics with different solubility with the use of human bone marrow cells},
	journal = {Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part AJ. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A},
	volume = {74},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JBMRCdoi: 10.1002/jbm.a.30357PubMed ID: 15988737Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Fernandes, M.H.; FMDUP-Faculdade de Medicina Dent{\'a}ria da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200 Porto, Portugal; email: mhrf@portugalmail.ptChemicals/CAS: alkaline phosphatase, 9001-78-9; calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5, 13767-12-9, 14358-97-5, 7758-87-4; polystyrene, 9003-53-6; titanium dioxide, 1317-70-0, 1317-80-2, 13463-67-7, 51745-87-0; Alkaline Phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.1; calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5; Calcium Phosphates; Ceramics; Glass ceramics, 85422-94-2References: Yaszemski, M.J., Payne, R.G., Hayes, W.C., Langer, R., Mikos, A.C., Evolution of bone transplantation: Molecular, cellular and tissue strategies to engineer human bone (1996) Biomaterials, 17, pp. 175-185;Rueger, J.M., Bone replacement materials-state of the art and the way ahead (1998) Orthopade, 27, pp. 72-79; 
Tadic, D., Epple, M., A thorough physicochemical characterization of 14 calcium phosphate-based bone substitution materials in comparison to natural bone (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 987-994; 
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Lettuec, J.C., Cl{\'e}ment, D., Lesprit, E., Faber, J., The use of calcium phosphates, their biological properties (2000) Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol, 10, pp. 223-229; 
Dorozhkin, S.V., Epple, M., Biological and medical significance of calcium phosphates (2002) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 41, pp. 3130-3146; 
Dias, A.G., Lopes, M.A., Gibson, I.R., Santos, J.D., In vitro degradation studies of calcium phosphate glass ceramics prepared by controlled crystallization (2003) J Non-Cryst Solids, 330, pp. 81-89; 
Fini, M., Giardino, R., In vitro and in vivo tests for the biological evaluation of candidate orthopedic materials: Benefits and limits (2003) J Appl Biomater Biomech, 1, pp. 155-163; 
Hunt, J.A., McLaughlin, P.J., Flanagan, B.F., Review-Techniques to investigate cellular and molecular interaction in the host response to implanted biomaterials (1997) Biomaterials, 18, pp. 1449-1459; 
Dias, A.G., Tsuru, K., Hayakawa, S., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Osaka, A., Crystallization studies of biodegradable CaO-P 2O 5 glass with MgO and TiO 2 for bone regeneration applications (2004) Glass Technol, 45; 
Anselme, K., Osteoblast adhesion on biomaterials (2000) Biomaterials, 21, pp. 667-681; 
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Sun, J.S., Tsuang, Y.H., Liao, C.J., Liu, H.C., Hang, Y.S., Lin, F.H., The effects of calcium phosphate particles on the growth of osteoblasts (1997) J Biomed Mater Res, 37, pp. 324-334; 
Sun, J.S., Whs, C., Chen, L.T., Huang, Y.C., Juang, L.W., Lin, F.H., The influence on gene-expression profiling of osteoblasts behavior following treatment with the ionic products of sintered β-dicalcium pyrophosphate dissolution (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 607-616; 
Coelho, M.J., Fernandes, M.H., Human bone cell cultures in biocompatibility testing. Part II: Effect of ascorbic acid b-glycerophosphate and dexamethasone on osteoblastic differentiation (2000) Biomaterials, 21, pp. 1095-1102; 
Morais, S., Dias, N., Sousa, J.P., Fernandes, M.H., Carvalho, G.S., In vitro osteoblastic differentiation of human bone marrow cells in the presence of metal ions (1999) J Biomed Mater Res, 44, pp. 176-190; 
Coelho, M.J., Cabral, A.T., Fernandes, M.H., Human bone cell cultures in biocompatibility testing. Part I: Osteoblastic differentiation of serially passaged human bone marrow cells cultured in alpha-MEM and in DMEM (2000) Biomaterials, pp. 211087-211094; 
Dias, A.G., Lopes, A.G., Santos, J.D., Fernandes, N.H., The influence of pre-incubation treatment in the in vitro biological performance of degradable CaO-P 2O 5 glass ceramics (2005) Key Eng Mater, 284-286, pp. 565-568; 
Bitar, M., Salih, V., Mudera, V., Knowles, J.C., Lewis, M.P., Soluble phosphate glasses: In vitro studies using human cells of hard and soft tissue origin (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 2283-2292; 
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Dias, A.G., Skakle, J.M.S., Gibson, I.R., Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., In situ thermal and structural characterization of bioactive calcium phosphate glass ceramics containing TiO 2 and MgO oxides: HT-XRD studies (2005) J Non-Cryst Solids, , Forthcoming; 
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Hill, P.A., Orth, M., Bone remodeling - Review (1998) Br J Orthod, 25, pp. 101-107
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {347 - 355},
	abstract = {Two glass ceramics in the CaO-P                        2O
                        5-MgO system with the incorporation of K
                        2O or TiO
                        2 oxides were prepared with the goal of using them as potential bone graft substitutes. The incorporation of TiO
                        2 and K
                        2O led to the preparation of specific crystalline phases in the structure of the glass ceramics, which show different degrees of biodegradation. In fact, the 45CaO-45P
                        2O 
                        5-5MgO-5K
                        2O has been previously demonstrated to be much more soluble in aqueous solutions than the 45CaO-37P
                        2O 
                        5-5MgO-13TiO
                        2 glass ceramic. The in vitro biological activity of the two calcium phosphate glass ceramics was studied with the use of human bone marrow osteoblast cell cultures maintained for 28 days, and seeded materials were assessed for cell proliferation and function. The Ti-containing glass ceramic showed a stable surface throughout the culture time, on macroscopic and SEM observation. Osteoblast cells proliferated gradually, especially during the third week, with a high alkaline phosphatase activity and formation of a mineralized matrix. On SEM observation, attached cells appeared with a spreadpolygonal morphology typical of the osteoblast cells, with extensive cell-to-cell contact. Cell behavior on the seeded material was similar to that found on cultures performed on tissue-culture-grade polystyrene; except for the presence of lower cell numbers during the first 2 weeks. By contrast, the K-containing glass ceramic showed a highly instable surface with dissolution/precipitation processes occurring throughout the culture time. Few cells adhered to the material surface, and subsequent proliferation was also hindered, especially from the first week onwards. Cell numbers were significantly lower than those observed in the Ti-containing glass ceramic during most of the incubation time. Results suggest that the different in vitro biological behavior of these two glass ceramics is mainly due to the significant differences in the surface degradation rate, which is directly correlated to the chemical composition of the mother glass. {\textcopyright} 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, aqueous solution, article, Biodegradation, Bone, Bone graft, bone marrow cell, Bone Marrow Cells, bone mineralization, bone prosthesis, Calcium Compounds, calcium phosphate, Calcium phosphate glass ceramic, Calcium phosphate glass ceramics, Calcium phosphates, cell contact, Cell culture, cell proliferation, Cells, ceramics, chemical composition, controlled study, crystal structure, Dissolution, enzyme activity, extracellular matrix, glass, Glass ceramics, human, Human bone marrow cells, human cell, Humans, in vitro study, In vitro testing, Magnesia, magnesium derivative, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, osteoblast, Osteoblasts, polystyrene, Precipitation (chemical), Scanning electron microscopy, Solubility, Spectrum Analysis, Surface treatment, Titanium dioxide},
	isbn = {00219304 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-23844483883\&partnerID=40\&md5=722984f31e5a2ccf0f02a5bf5f182aaf},
	author = {Dias, A.G. and Lopes, M.A. and Trigo Cabral, A.T. and Santos, J.D. and Fernandes, M.H.}
}
@article {2483,
	title = {Crystallisation studies of biodegradable CaO-P                    2O
                    5 glass with MgO and TiO
                    2 for bone regeneration applications
},
	journal = {Glass TechnologyGlass Technol},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: GLSTALanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; INEB, Inst. de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: jdsantos@fe.up.ptReferences: Siligardi, C., D{\textquoteright}Arrigo, M.C., Leonelli, C., Sintering behavior of glass ceramics frits (2000) Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., pp. 88-92;Clarck, T.J., Reed, J.S., Kinetic processes involved in the sintering and crystallization of glass powders (1986) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 69 (11), pp. 837-846; 
Karmakar, B., Kundu, P., Jana, S., Dwivedi, R.N., Crystallization kinetics and mechanism of low-expansion lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramics by dilatometry (2002) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 85 (10), pp. 2572-2577; 
Zhang, Y., Santos, J.D., Crystallization and microstructure analysis of calcium phosphate-based glass ceramics for biomedical applications (2000) J. Non-cryst. Solids, 272 (1), pp. 14-21; 
Ryu, H.-S., Youn, H.-J., Chang, B.-S., Lee, C.-K., Chung, S.-S., An improvement in sintering property of β-tricalcium phosphate by addition of calcium pyrophosphate (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 909-914; 
Kitsugi, T., Yamamuro, T., Nakamura, T., Ota, M., Transmission electron microscopy observations at the interface of bone and four types of calcium phosphate ceramics with different calcium/phosphorous molar ratios (1995) Biomaterials, 16, pp. 1101-1107
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {78 - 79},
	abstract = {CaO-P                        2O
                        5 glass ceramics with small additions of MgO and TiO
                        2 were prepared in the ortho and pyrophosphate regions by powder sintering and crystallisation through heat treatment at different temperatures determined from differential thermal analysis (DTA). The glass ceramics were analysed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and it was observed that α- and β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 were the first phases to precipitate in the parent glass matrix at a temperature of 681{\textdegree}C, followed by CaTi
                        4(PO
                        4)
                        6 and TiP 
                        2O
                        7 at temperatures between 703 and 725{\textdegree}C. The β-Ca
                        2P
                        2O
                        7 and CaTi
                        4(PO 
                        4)
                        6 phases are usually considered as biocompatible and bioactive and, therefore, these glass ceramics seem to show good potential for bone regeneration applications.
},
	keywords = {Biodegradation, Bone Regeneration, Crystallization, Differential thermal analysis, Diffractometers, Glass ceramics, Glass matrix, Glass transition, Laser diffraction, Lime, Magnesia, methanol, Monochromators, Precipitation (chemical), Temperature scanning, Titanium dioxide, X ray powder diffraction},
	isbn = {00171050 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3042549927\&partnerID=40\&md5=62f3cbbb74e944ac2e066db7432db201},
	author = {Dias, A.G. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Osaka, A.}
}
@article {2482,
	title = {Fabrication of alternating polycation and albumin multilayer coating onto stainless steel by electrostatic layer-by-layer adsorption},
	journal = {Colloids and Surfaces B: BiointerfacesColloids Surf. B Biointerfaces},
	volume = {34},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 17Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: CSBBEdoi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2003.12.015PubMed ID: 15261073Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Ji, J.; Department of Polymer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; email: jianji@mail.hz.zj.cnChemicals/CAS: iodine 125, 14158-31-7, 22822-81-7; polyethyleneimine, 74913-72-7; stainless steel, 12597-68-1; Albumins; Lipid Bilayers; Polyamines; polycations; Polyethyleneimine, 9002-98-6; Stainless Steel, 12597-68-1References: Thomann, U.I., Uggowitzer, P.J., (2000) Wear, 239, p. 48;Cheatham, J., (2001) Prog. Pediat. Cardiol., 14, p. 95; 
Donachie, M., (1998) Adv. Mater. Process, 154, p. 63; 
Bertrand, P., (2000) Macromol. Rapid Commun., 21, p. 319; 
Ulman, A., (1996) Chem. Rev., 96, p. 1533; 
Sano, M., Lvov, Y., Kunitake, T., (1996) Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., 26, p. 153; 
Laschewsky, A., (1997) Eur. Chem. Chronicle (ECC), 2, p. 13; 
Decher, G., (1997) Science, 277, p. 1232; 
Yoo, D., Seimei, S., Michael, F.R., (1998) Macromolecules, 31, p. 4309; 
Picart, C., Lavalle, Ph., Hubert, P., Cuisinier, F.J.G., Decher, G., Schaaf, P., Voegel, J.-C., (2001) Langmuir, 17, p. 7414; 
Houska, M., Brynda, E., (1997) J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 188, p. 243; 
Brynda, E., Houska, M., (1996) J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 183, p. 18; 
Lu, C.H., Luo, C.Q., Cao, W.X., (2002) Colloids Surf. B: Biointerf., 25, p. 19; 
Keogh, R.J., Eaton, J.W., (1994) J. Lab. Clin. Med., 124, p. 537; 
Munro, M.S., (1981) Trans. Am. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs, 27, p. 499; 
Brynda, E., Houska, M., (2000) Protein Architecture: Interfacing Molecular Assemblies and Immobilization, pp. 251-285. , Y. Lvov, H. Moehwald (Eds.), Marcel Dekker, New York; 
Keogh, J.R., Velander, F.F., Eaton, W., (1992) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 26, p. 441; 
Ji, J., Feng, L., Barbosa, M.A., (2001) Biomaterials, 22, p. 3015; 
Lopez, G.P., Ratner, B.D., Tidwell, C.D., Haycox, C.L., Rapoza, R.J., Horbett, T.A., (1992) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 26, p. 415; 
Horbett, T.A., Techniques for protein adsorption studies (1986) Techniques of Biocompatibility Tests, 2, pp. 183-214. , D.F. Williams (Ed.), CRC Press, Harcover; 
Cheng, Z., Cheng, L., Dong, S., Yang, X., (2001) J. Electrochem. Soc., 148, p. 227; 
Lima, J., (2001) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 55, p. 45; 
Iodine-125, a Guide to Radioiodination Techniques (1993) Amersham Life Sci., p. 64; 
Takahara, A., Jo, N.J., Kajiyama, T., (1989) J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed., 1, p. 17; 
Haynes, C.A., Norde, W., (1994) Colloids Surf. B: Biointerf., 2, p. 517; 
Ladam, G., Gergely, C., Senger, B., Decher, G., Voegel, J.C., Schaaf, P., Cuisinier, F.J.G., (2000) Biomacromolecules, 1, p. 674; 
Ladam, G., Schaaf, P., Cuisinier, F.J.G., Decher, G., Voegel, J.C., (2001) Langmuir, 17, p. 878; 
Bertrand, P., Jonas, A., Laschewsky, A., Legras, R., (2000) Macromol. Rapid Commun., 21, p. 319
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {185 - 190},
	abstract = {Multilayer films consisting of polyethylenimine (PEI) and albumin were successfully prepared on biomedical 316L stainless steel surface via electrostatic self-assembly of the PEI and albumin. The process of electrostatic self-assembly of PEI/albumin was monitored by                        125I radiolabeling, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The EIS data revealed that the multilayer coating was stable in Tris-HCl (pH 7.35) buffer solution for 21 days. 
                        125I radiolabeling experiments indicated that less than 10\% albumin was eluted by PBS in 45 days. Static platelet adhesion experiments indicated that the PEI/albumin deposited on stainless steel could resist platelet adhesion effectively. Such an easy processing and shape-independent method may have good potential for surface modification of cardiovascular devices. {\textcopyright} 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
},
	keywords = {Adhesion, Adsorption, Albumin, Albumins, article, Atomic force microscopy, Cardiovascular devices, Chemical modification, Coatings, Electric Impedance, Electric Potential, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, electrochemistry, Electrons, Electrostatics, film coating, iodine 125, isotope labeling, Layer-by-layer, Lipid Bilayers, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Multilayers, Nonthrombogenic, pH effects, Platelet Adhesiveness, Polyamines, polycation, Polycations, Polyethyleneimine, priority journal, Proteins, Self assembly, Spectroscopy, Spectrum Analysis, Stainless steel, Surface modification, Surface Properties, surface property, Surface treatment, thrombocyte adhesion},
	isbn = {09277765 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-1642271404\&partnerID=40\&md5=29885596e6efdc7afcc5b2fdd57317be},
	author = {Ji, J. and Tan, Q. and Fan, D.-Z. and Sun, F.-Y. and Barbosa, M.A. and Shen, J.}
}
@article {2500,
	title = {Fabrication of alternating polycation and albumin multilayer coating by electrostatic layer-by-layer adsorption},
	journal = {Journal of Materials ScienceJ Mater Sci},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JMTSAdoi: 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000008087.71937.71Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Ji, J.; Department of Polymer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; email: jianji@mail.hz.zj.cnReferences: Bertrand, P., Jonas, A., Laschewsky, A., (2000) Macr. Rap. Comm., 21, p. 319;Ulman, A., (1996) Chem. Rev., 96, p. 1533; 
Sano, M., Lvov, Y., Kunitake, T., (1996) Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., 26, p. 153; 
Houska, M., Brynda, E., (1997) J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 188, p. 243; 
Brynda, E., Houska, M., (1996) J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 183, p. 18; 
Keogh, R.J., Eaton, J.W., (1994) J. Lab. Clin. Med., 124, p. 537; 
Keogh, J.R., Velander, F.F., Eaton, W., (1992) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 26, p. 441; 
Ji, J., Feng, L.X., Barbosa, M.A., (2001) Biomaterials, 22, p. 3015; 
Cheng, Z., Cheng, L., Dong, S., Yang, X., (2001) J. Electrochem. Soc., 148, pp. E227
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {349 - 351},
	abstract = {The construction of albumin multilayers via the electrostatic self-assembly (ESA) method was explored. Based on the results, it was possible to develop a fast, easy processing and shape-independent method for nonthrombogenic coating.},
	keywords = {Adhesion, Adsorption, Albumin, Biocompatibility, Biological materials, Biopolymers, Blood, Charge transfer, Chemical bonds, Covalent binding, Desorption, Electron transfer, Electron transfer resistance, Electrostatic layer by layer adsorption, Electrostatics, Multilayers, polycation, Positive ions, Spectroscopic analysis, Static platelet adhesion},
	isbn = {00222461 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0842312335\&partnerID=40\&md5=90716a579ba430045f75ca682551d418},
	author = {Ji, J. and Tan, Q. and Fan, D.-Z. and Sun, Y.-F. and Barbosa, M.A. and Shen, J.}
}
@book {2489,
	title = {In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Osteoblastic Cells Cultured on Chitosan-Organosiloxane Hybrid Membrane},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {254-256},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Conference code: 62053Cited By (since 1996): 2Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Shirosaki, Y.; Biomaterial Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama-shi 700-8530, JapanReferences: Chandy, T., Sharma, P.C., (1990) Biomat Art Cells Art Org, 18, pp. 1-24;Jameela, S.R., Jayakrishnan, A., (1995) Biomaterials, 16, pp. 769-775; 
Nishi, C., Nakajima, N., Ikada, Y., (1995) J Biomed Mater Res., 29, pp. 829-834; 
Ren, L., Tsuru, K., Hayajkawa, S., Osaka, A., (2002) Biomaterials, 23, pp. 4765-4773
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {857 - 860},
	address = {Porto},
	abstract = {Chitosan-silicate hybrids were synthesized using γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM) as the agent to cross-link the chitosan chains. Fourier-transform infrared (PT-IR) spectroscopy was used to analyze the structures of the hybrids. The swelling ability and the cytocompatibility of the hybrids were investigated as a function of the GPSM concentration. The swelling of the hybrids was suppressed by addition of GPSM. MG63 human osteoblastic cells were cultured on the hybrids. The adhesion and proliferation of the MG63 cells cultured on the chitosan-GPSM hybrid surface were improved comparing to that on chitosan membrane, regardless the GPSM concentration.},
	keywords = {Biocompatibility, Biological membranes, biosynthesis, Cell culture, Cells, chitosan, Chitosan-inorganic hybrid, Crosslinking, Cytocompatibility, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Organic polymers, Osteoblastic cell (MG63), Structural analysis, Synthetic polymers, Tissue, Tissue engineering, γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPSM)},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0346885502\&partnerID=40\&md5=80d45c86bb14c57c3b1a6b94b435e45d},
	author = {Shirosaki, Y. and Tsuru, K. and Hayakawa, S. and Osaka, A. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D. and Fernandes, M.H.},
	editor = {Barbosa M.A. and Monteiro F.J. and Correia R. and Leon B.}
}
@book {2497,
	title = {Porous Hydroxyapatite and Glass Reinforced Hydroxyapatite for Controlled Release of Sodium Ampicillin},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {254-256},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Conference code: 62053Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Queiroz, A.C.; Inst. de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: aqueiroz@ineb.up.ptReferences: Krejci, C.B., Bissada, N.F., Farah, C., Greenwell, H., (1987) J Periodontol, 58, pp. 521-528;Seymour, R.A., Heasman, P.A., MacGregor, I.D.M., The pathogenesis of periodontal disease (1992) Drugs, Diseases, and the Periodontium, pp. 1-10. , MacGregor IDM, editor. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 
Steinberg, D., Friedman, M., Soskolne, A., Sela, M.N., (1990) J Periodontol, 61, pp. 393-398; 
Santos, J.D., Silva, P.L., Knowles, J.C., Talal, S., Monteiro, F.J., (1996) J Mater Sci: Mater Med, 7, pp. 187-189; 
Ferraz, M.P., Monteiro, F.J., Santos, J.D., (1999) J Biomed Mat Res, 45, pp. 376-383; 
Queiroz, A.C., Teixeira, S., Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., Key Engineering Materials, , submitted; 
Nishihara, K., (1993) Clin Materials, 12, pp. 159-167; 
Queiroz, A.C., Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., Gibson, I.R., Knowles, J.C., (2001) Biomaterials, 22, pp. 1393-1400
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {997 - 1000},
	address = {Porto},
	abstract = {Porous hydroxyapatite (HA) and glass reinforced hydroxyapatite (GRHA) with adequate macro and microporous structure were developed, aiming at being used as drug delivery carrier of antibiotics, for the in situ treatment of periodontitis. Materials were characterised by XRD and FTIR, presenting no changes from similar dense materials. Mercury intrusion porosimetry revealed micropores of less than 1 μm, accounting for 15\% of the total porosity. Compression tests have shown close values for HA and GRHA, with the former showing slightly higher values of strength. Ampicillin adsorption was more effective on porous than on dense HA, and was similar for HA and GRHA.},
	keywords = {Adsorption, Antibiotics, Coatings, Dense materials, Diseases, Drug delivery, Drug dosage, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, glass, Glass reinforced hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite, Mercury (metal), Porous, Porous materials, Scanning electron microscopy, Sodium, Strength of materials, Ultraviolet spectroscopy, X ray diffraction analysis},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0347516111\&partnerID=40\&md5=a85b6393d2a4a2d3ee4b384bf4c3de78},
	author = {Queiroz, A.C. and Teixeira, S. and Santos, J.D. and Monteiro, F.J.},
	editor = {Barbosa M.A. and Monteiro F.J. and Correia R. and Leon B.}
}
@book {2477,
	title = {Production of porous hydroxyapatite with potential for controlled drug delivery},
	series = {Materials Science ForumMater Sci Forum},
	volume = {455-456},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Conference code: 63332Cited By (since 1996): 7Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: MSFOELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Queiroz, A.C.; INEB, Inst. de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, R do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: aqueiroz@ineb.up.ptReferences: Krejci, C.B., Bissada, N.F., Farah, C., Greenwell, H., (1987) J. Periodontology, 58, p. 521;Seymour, R.A., Heasman, P.A., MacGregor, I.D.M., The pathogenesis of periodontal disease (1992) Drugs, Diseases, and the Periodontium, , Oxford University Press; 
(1996) Journal of Periodontology, 67, p. 831; 
Soskolne, W.A., Heasman, H.A., Stabholz, A., Smart, G.J., Palmer, M., Flashner, M., Newman, H.N., (1997) Journal of Periodontology, 68, p. 32; 
Da Silva, M.H.P., Lemos, A.F., Gibson, I.R., Ferreira, J.M.F., Santos, J.D., (2002) J. of Non-crystaline Solids, 304, p. 286; 
Chang, B., Lee, C., Hong, K., Youn, H., Ryu, H., Chung, S., Park, K., (2000) Biomat., 21, p. 1291; 
Ewers, R., Simons, B., (1992) Biomaterials - Hard Tissue Repair and Replacement, , Elsevier Sc; 
Ohgushi, H., Okumura, M., Yoshikawa, T., Inoue, K., Senpuku, N., Tamai, S., Shors, E.C., (1992) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 26, p. 885; 
Barinov, S.M., Baschenko, Y.V., (1992) Bioceramics and the Human Body, , Elsevier Sc; 
Hing, K.A., Best, S.M., Tanner, K.E., Bonfield, W., Revell, P.A., (1997) J. Mater. Sc.: Materials in Medicine, 8, p. 731; 
Queiroz, A.C., Teixeira, S., Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., (2003) Bioceramics, , accepted for; 
Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., Gibson, I.R., Knowles, J.C., (2001) Biomaterial, 22, p. 1393
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {358 - 360},
	address = {Caparica},
	abstract = {Porous hydroxyapatite was prepared in order to be used as a drug carrier and promote bone ingrowth. For this purpose, the microstructure should have interconnective pores and micro as well as macro porosity, for bone cell adhesion and bone ingrowth. The porous hydroxyapatite prepared by the burn-out method exhibits all these features. For measuring porosity, SEM analysis, mercury intrusion porosimetry and BET were used. FT-IR and XRD analysis revealed that only hydroxyapatite phase was present, being this result similar to the one found for dense samples. The morphology obtained appears to be well adapted to bone growth and drug adsorption.},
	keywords = {Adsorption, Antibiotics, Bioceramics, Controlled drug delivery, Drug Carriers, Drug delivery, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydroxyapatite, morphology, Polyurethanes, porosity, Porous, Porous materials, Scanning electron microscopy, X ray diffraction analysis},
	isbn = {02555476 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-17044442244\&partnerID=40\&md5=7baa6f22534360d57deb7862546fb275},
	author = {Queiroz, A.C. and Teixeira, S. and Santos, J.D. and Monteiro, F.J.},
	editor = {Martins R. and Fortunato E. and Ferreira I. and Dias C.}
}
@conference {2469,
	title = {Scheduling parallel tasks on heterogeneous clusters},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and SystemsProc. IASTED INt. Conf. Parall. Distrib. Comput. Syst.},
	series = {Proceedings of the 16th IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Conference code: 64182Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusArt. No.: 439-085Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Barbosa, J.; Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Inst. de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Porto, Portugal; email: jbarbosa@fe.up.ptReferences: Amoura, A.K., Bampis, E., K{\"o}nig, J.-C., Scheduling algorithms for parallel gaussian elimination with communication costs (1998) IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 9 (7), pp. 679-686. , July;Barbosa, J., Padilha, A.J., Algorithm-dependent method to determine the optimal number of computers in parallel virtual machines (1998) VECPAR{\textquoteright}98, 1573. , Springer-Verlag LNCS; 
Barbosa, J., Tavares, J., Padilha, A., A group block distribution strategy for a heterogeneous ma chine (2002) Applied Informatics, pp. 378-383. , M. H. Hamza, editor. IASTED, ACTA Press, February; 
Barbosa, J., Tavares, J., Padilha, A.J., Linear algebra algorithms in a heterogeneous cluster of personal computers (2000) Proceedings of 9th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop, pp. 147-159. , IEEE CS Press, May; 
Berman, F., Wolski, R., Figueira, S., Schopf, J., Shao, G., Application-level scheduling on distributed heterogeneous networks (1996) Supercomputing, 96; 
Blazewicz, J., Dell{\textquoteright}Olmo, P., Drozdowski, M., Maczka, P., Scheduling multiprocessor tasks on parallel processors with limited availability (2003) European Journal of Operational Research, (149), pp. 377-389; 
Boudet, V., Rastello, F., Robert, Y., A proposal for a heterogeneous cluster ScaLAPACK(dense linear solvers) (1999) Proceedings of PDPTA, , CSREA Press; 
Boulet, P., Dongarra, J., Rastello, F., Robert, Y., Vivien, F., Algorithmic issues on heterogeneous computing platforms (1999) Parallel Processing Letters, 9 (2), pp. 197-213; 
Choi, J., Dongarra, J., Ostrouchov, L.S., Petitet, A.P., Walker, D.W., Whaley, R.C., The design and implementation of the ScaLAPACK LU, QR, and CHOLESKY factorization routines (1996) Scientific Programming, 5, pp. 173-184; 
Geijn, R., Watts, J., Summa: Scalable universal matrix multiplication algorithm (1995) Technical Report, CS-95-286. , University of Tennessee, Knoxville; 
Hopper, E., Turton, B.C.H., An empirical investigation of meta-heuristic and heuristic algorithms for a 2d packing problem (2001) European Journal of Operational Research, 128, pp. 34-57; 
Jansen, K., Scheduling malleable parallel tasks: An asymptotic fully polynomial time approximation scheme (2004) Algorithmica, 39, pp. 59-81; 
Lep{\`e}re, R., Mouni{\'e}, G., Trystram, D., An approximation algorithm for scheduling trees of malleable tasks (2002) European Journal of Operational Research, (142), pp. 242-249; 
Oh-Heum, Chwa, K.-Y., Scheduling parallel tasks with individual deadlines (1999) Theoretical Computer Science, 215, pp. 209-223; 
Shirazi, B., Wang, M., Pathak, G., Analysis and evaluation of heuristic methods for static task scheduling (1990) Journal of Parallel and Distributing Computing, 10, pp. 222-232; 
Topcuoglu, H., Hariri, S., Wu, M.-Y., Performance-effective and low-complexity task scheduling for heterogeneous computing (2002) IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 13 (3), pp. 260-274. , March; 
Trystram, D., Scheduling parallel applications using malleable tasks on clusters (2001) 15th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium
Sponsors: Int. Association of Sci. and Technol. for Dev., IASTED; World Modelling and Simulation Forum (WMSF)},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {449 - 454},
	address = {Cambridge, MA},
	abstract = {Parallel tasks, also called malleable tasks, are tasks that can be executed on any number of processors with its execution time being a function of the number of processors alloted to it. The scheduling of independent parallel tasks on homogeneous machines is a problem that has been extensively studied. For heterogeneous machines, with a diverse CPU capacity, new challenges arise, namely the selection of the set of CPUs that optimizes the processing time of a given task. This paper presents a methodology to determine the best allotment for each task that minimizes its processing time on a given heterogeneous machine. The aim is to improve the global processing time of a complex algorithm composed by several linear algebra kernels, by scheduling a number of parallel tasks in the heterogeneous machine. The results presented compare this approach to the simpler data parallel execution of each task on the heterogeneous cluster, i.e. executing one task at a time using the data parallel programming model.},
	keywords = {Computational complexity, Computer programming, CPU capacity, Data handling, Directed acyclic graphs (DAG), Graph theory, Heterogeneous clusters, Linear algebra, Parallel algorithms, Parallel processing systems, Parallel/malleable tasks, Program processors, Scheduling},
	isbn = {10272658 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11844282098\&partnerID=40\&md5=c196fdfb0cc8b4c8a37688dd289071ca},
	author = {Barbosa, J. and Morais, C. and Monteiro, A.P.},
	editor = {Gonzalez T.}
}
@article {2508,
	title = {Constructing thromboresistant surface on biomedical stainless steel via layer-by-layer deposition anticoagulant},
	journal = {BiomaterialsBiomaterials},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 67Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BIMADdoi: 10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00363-6PubMed ID: 12951013Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Ji, J.; Department of Polymer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; email: jianji@mail.hz.zj.cnChemicals/CAS: heparin, 37187-54-5, 8057-48-5, 8065-01-8, 9005-48-5; polyethyleneimine, 74913-72-7; stainless steel, 12597-68-1; trometamol, 1185-53-1, 77-86-1; Anticoagulants; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Heparin, 9005-49-6; Polyethyleneimine, 9002-98-6; Stainless Steel, 12597-68-1Manufacturers: AldrichReferences: Bertrand, P., Jonas, A., Laschewsky, A., Legras, R., Ultrathin polymer coating by complexation of polyelectrolytes at interfaces: Suitable materials, structure and properties (2000) Macromol Rapid Commun, 21, pp. 319-348;Ulman, A., Formation and structure of self-assembled monolayers (1996) Chem Rev, 96, pp. 1533-1554; 
Sano, M., Lvov, Y., Kunitake, T., (1996) Annu Rev Mater Sci, 26, pp. 153-187; 
Laschewsky, A., (1997) Eur Chem Chron ECC, 2, pp. 13-24; 
Picart, C., Lavalle, Ph., Hubert, P., Cuisnier, Fj., Decher, G., Schaaf, P., Voegel, J.C., Buildup mechanism for poly (L-lysine)/hyaluronic acid films onto a solid surface (2001) Langmuir, 17, pp. 7414-7424; 
Houska, M., Brynda, E., Interactions of proteins with polyelectrolytes at solid/liquid interfaces: Sequential adsorption of albumin and heparin (1997) J Colloid Interface Sci, 188, pp. 243-250; 
Brynda, E., Houska, M., Multiple alternating molecular layers of albumin and heparin on solid surfaces (1996) J Colloid Interface Sci, 183, pp. 18-25; 
Thomann, U.I., Uggowitzer, P.J., Wear-corrosion behavior of biocompatible austenitic stainless steels (2000) Wear, 239, pp. 48-58; 
Cheatham, J., Improved stents for pediatric applications (2001) Prog Pediatr Cardiol, 14, pp. 95-115; 
Donachie, M., Biomedical alloys (1998) Adv Mater Process, 154, pp. 63-65; 
Decher, G., Fuzzy nanoassemblies: Toward layered polymeric multicomposites (1997) Science, 277, pp. 1232-1237; 
Raposo, M., Pontes, R.S., Mattoso, L.H.C., Oliveira, O.N., Kinetics of adsorption of poly (o-methoxyaniline) self-assembled films (1997) Macromolecules, 30, pp. 6095-6101; 
Vov, Y.L., Rusling, J., Thomsen, D.L., Papadimitrakopoulos, F., Kawakami, T., Kunitake, T., High-speed multilayer film assembly by alternate adsorption of silica nanoparticles and linear polycation (1998) Chem Commun, 11, pp. 1229-1230; 
Lowack, K., Helm, C.A., Controlling the self-assembly process of polyelectrolyte multilayers (1998) Macromolecules, 31, pp. 823-833; 
Cheng, Z., Cheng, L., Dong, S., Yang, X., Formation and characterization of heteropolyacid/polycation multilayer films on gold electrode (2001) J Electrochem Soc, 148, p. 227
},
	month = {2003///},
	pages = {4699 - 4705},
	abstract = {Multilayer films consisting of polyethylenimine (PEI) and heparin were successfully prepared on biomedical 316L stainless steel surface via electrostatic self-assembly (ESA) of the PEI and heparin. The process of ESA of PEI/heparin was monitored by static contact angle, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), reflection adsorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data. The contact angle and EIS data revealed that the multilayer coating was stable in Tris-HCl (pH 7.35) buffer solution for 21 days. The static platelet adhesion and static clotting time experiments indicated that the PEI/heparin-deposited stainless steel could resist the platelet adhesion and prolong the static clotting time effectively. Such an easy processing and shape-independent method may have good potential for surface modification of cardiovascular devices. {\textcopyright} 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {316L stainless steel, Adhesion, Adsorption, anticoagulant agent, Anticoagulants, aqueous solution, article, Biocompatibility, biomaterial, Biomaterials, blood clotting time, Blood Platelets, Blood-compatibility, buffer, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, coating, Coatings, Contact angle, controlled study, Deposition, device, electricity, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, electrochemistry, Electrostatics, heparin, human, human cell, Humans, implant, Layer-by-layer, material coating, materials testing, Multilayers, Organic polymers, pH, Platelet Adhesiveness, Polyethyleneimine, priority journal, reflection adsorption spectroscopy, Self assembly, Spectroscopy, Stainless steel, Surface Properties, surface property, Surfaces, thrombocyte adhesion, Thromboresistant surfaces, trometamol, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy},
	isbn = {01429612 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0041386468\&partnerID=40\&md5=a68c77a7525bca1760cc298a394c713f},
	author = {Tan, Q. and Ji, J. and Barbosa, M.A. and Fonseca, C. and Shen, J.}
}
@article {2520,
	title = {Surface engineering of poly(DL-lactide) via electrostatic self-assembly of extracellular matrix-like molecules},
	journal = {BiomacromoleculesBiomacromolecules},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 48Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BOMAFdoi: 10.1021/bm025773pPubMed ID: 12625735Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Ji, J.; Department of Polymer Science/Eng., Zhejing University, Hangzhou 310027, China; email: jianji@mail.hz.zj.cnChemicals/CAS: gelatin, 9000-70-8; polyethyleneimine, 74913-72-7; polylactide, 26680-10-4; poly(lactide), 26969-66-4; PolyestersTradenames: AXIOVERT 200, Zeiss; ESCA LAB 200A, VG; Radiance 2100, Biorad; Shimadzu UV-1201, Shimadzu; SPA 400, Seiko; Vectro 22, BrukerManufacturers: Biorad; Bruker; Seiko; Shimadzu; VG; ZeissReferences: Sittinger, M., Perka, C., Schutz, O., Haupl, T., Burmester, G.R.Z., (1999) Rheumatol., 58, pp. 130-135;Kim, B.S., Mooney, D.J., (1998) Trends Biotechnol., 16, p. 224; 
Bertrand, P., Jonas, A., Laschewsky, A., Legras, R., (2000) Macromol. Rapid Commun., 21, p. 319; 
Ulman, A., (1996) Chem. Rev., 96, p. 1533; 
Sano, M., Lvov, Y., Kunitake, T., (1996) Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., 26, pp. 153-187; 
Laschewsky, A., (1997) Eur. Chem. Chronicle ECC, 2, pp. 13-24; 
Chluba, J., Voegel, J.C., Decher, G., Erbacher, P., Schaaf, P., Ogier, J., (2001) Biomacromolecules., 2, pp. 800-805; 
Iler, R., (1966) J. Colloid Interface Sci., 21, p. 569; 
Fromhertz, P., (1980) Electron Microscopy at Molecular Dimension, p. 338. , Baumeister, W., Ed.; Springer-Verlag: Berlin; 
Lee, H., Kepley, L., Hong, H.-G., Mallouk, T., (1988) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 110, p. 618; 
Decher, G., Hong, J.-D., (1991) Ber. Bunsen-Ges., 95, p. 1430; 
Decher, G., (1997) Science, 227, p. 1232; 
Lvov, Y., Decher, G., Mohwald, H., (1993) Langmuir, 9, p. 481; 
Lvov, Y., Haas, H., Decher, G., Mohwald, H., Mikhailov, A., Mtchedlishvily, B., Morgunova, E., Vainshtein, B., (1994) Langmuir, 10, p. 4232; 
Kleinfeld, E., Ferguson, G., (1994) Science, 265, p. 370; 
Hong, J.-D., Lowack, K., Schmitt, J., Decher, G., (1993) Prog. Colloid Polym. Sci., 93, p. 98; 
Schmitt, J., Grunewald, T., Krajer, K., Pershan, P., Decher, G., Loshe, M., (1993) Macromolecules, 26, p. 7058; 
Korneev, D., Lvov, Y., Decher, G., Schmitt, J., Yarodaikin, S., (1995) Physica B, 214, p. 954; 
Iodine-125, a Guide to Radioiodination Techniques (1993), p. 64. , Amersham Life ScienceHwan, M.K., Sang, B.H., Moon, S.K., Jong, S.K., Goo, T.O., Dong, H.H., (1996) J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods, 36, pp. 163-169; 
Adamson, A.W., Gast, A.P., (1997) Physical Chemsitry of Surfaces, pp. 27-28. , John Wiley \& Sons: New York; 
Klagsbrum, M., (1979) Methods Enzymol., 58, p. 560; 
Blum, R.N., Wright, R.A., (1992) J. Gen. Intern. Med., 7, pp. 140-144; 
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Zund, G., Ye, Q., Hoerstrup, S.P., Schoeberlein, A., Schmid, A.C., Grunenfelder, J., Vogt, P., Turina, M., (1999) Eur. J. Cardio-thoracic Surg., 15, pp. 519-524; 
Risbud, M.V., Bhonde, M.R., Bhonde, R.R., (2001) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 57, pp. 300-305; 
Strand, B.L., Ryan, T.L., In{\textquoteright}t Veld, P., Kulseng, B., Rokstad, A.M., Skjak-Brek, G., Espevik, T., (2001) Cell Transplant., 10, pp. 263-275; 
De Ceuninck, F., Gaufillier, S., Bonnaud, A., Sabatini, M., Lesur, C., Pastoureau, P., (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 285, pp. 926-931; 
Bancel, S., Hu, W.S., (1996) Biotechnol. Prog., 12, pp. 398-402; 
Davids, S., (1993) Test Procedures for the Blood Compatibility of Biomaterials, pp. 287-330. , Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht
},
	month = {2003///},
	pages = {378 - 386},
	abstract = {We report the development of new biomacromolecule coatings on biodegradable biomaterials based on electrostatic assembly of extracellular matrix-like molecules. Poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) was employed to engineer poly(DL-lactide) (PDL-LA) substrate to obtain a stable positively charged surface. An extracellular matrix- (ECM-) like biomacromolecule, gelatin, was selected as the polyelectrolyte to deposit on the activated PDL-LA substrate via the electrostatic assemble technique. The extracellular matrix-like multilayer on the PDL-LA substrate was investigated by attenuated total reflection (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectrscopy (XPS), contact angle, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The gradual buildup of the protein layer was investigated by UV-vis spectra, and it was further given a quantitative analysis of the protein layer on the PDL-LA substrate via the radioiodination technique. The stability of the protein layer under aqueous condition was also tested by the radiolabeling method. Chondrocyte was selected as the model system for testing the cell behavior and morphology on modified PDL-LA substrates. The chondrocyte test about cell attachment, proliferation, cell activity and cell morphology by SEM, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) investigation on extracellular matrix-like multilayer modified PDL-LA substrate was shown to promote chondrocyte attachment and growth. Comparing conventional coating methods, polyelectrolyte multiplayers are easy and stable to prepare. It may be a good choice for the modification of 3-D scaffolds used in tissue engineering. These very flexible systems allow broad medical applications for drug delivery and tissue engineering.},
	keywords = {animal cell, Animalia, Animals, article, Atomic force microscopy, biodegradability, biomaterial, cartilage cell, cell activity, cell adhesion, cell function, cell growth, cell proliferation, cell structure, Cells, Cultured, Chondrocytes, confocal laser microscopy, controlled study, Electron Probe Microanalysis, Electrostatics, extracellular matrix, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gelatin, macromolecule, Macromolecules, Microscopy, Atomic Force, nonhuman, polyelectrolyte, Polyesters, Polyethyleneimine, Polyethylenes, polylactide, priority journal, protein analysis, protein stability, quantitative analysis, Rabbits, radioiodination, Scanning electron microscopy, Self assembly, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Surface charge, Surface engineering, Surface Properties, Tissue engineering, Ultraviolet spectroscopy, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy},
	isbn = {15257797 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0038071804\&partnerID=40\&md5=dc56622e3535f161005efe1ae86f4d23},
	author = {Zhu, H. and Ji, J. and Tan, Q. and Barbosa, M.A. and Shen, J.}
}
@book {2522,
	title = {Production of porous biomaterials based on glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite composites},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {230-232},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Conference code: 60281Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Prado da Silva, M.H.; Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomaterials, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, PT-4150-180 Porto, PortugalReferences: Lemos, A.F., Ferreira, J.M.F., (2000) Materials Science and Engineering, 11, pp. 35-40;Saggio-Woyansky, J., Scott, C.E., Minnear, W.P., (1992) Amer. Cer. Society Bulletin, 71 (11), pp. 1674-1682; 
Lopes, M.A., Santos, J.D., Monteiro, F.J., Ohtsuki, C., Osaka, A., Kaneko, S., Inouue, H., (2001) J. Biom. Mater. Res., 54, pp. 463-469; 
Knowles, J.C., Santos, J.D., Hastings, G.W., (2000) Sintered Hydroxyapatite Composition and Method for the Preparation thereof, , Patent number WO0068164
},
	month = {2002///},
	pages = {483 - 486},
	address = {Coimbra},
	abstract = {In this study, porous GR-HA composites were produced using a calcium-phosphate glass with the composition, in mol\%, 75P                        2O
                        5-15CaO-10CaF
                        2. The composites were obtained by wet mixing 4.0\% (w/w) of the glasses with hydroxyapatite (HA) powder (batch P120) (Plasma Biotal; Tideswell, U.K.), pressing and sintering. Two different organic additives were used as pore formers: potato starch and almond crust. This processing route was effective in producing a homogeneous microstructure of equiaxed grains. The bulk density of the samples decreased with the volume fraction increase in the content of pore formers. Scanning electron microscopy and mercury porosimetry analyses showed to be complementary techniques in characterising the pore size and distribution.
},
	keywords = {Biomaterials, Composite materials, glass, Glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite composites, GR-HA Composites, hydroxyapatite, Macroporous Bioceramics, Mercury (metal), Microstructure, Organic Additives, Pore size, Porous materials, Powders, Pressing (forming), Scanning electron microscopy, Sintering, Starch},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036432238\&partnerID=40\&md5=9af5590c70f4defe5e87b9a72042e11b},
	author = {Prado da Silva, M.H. and Lemos, A.F. and Ferreira, J.M.F. and Lopes, M.A. and Santos, J.D.},
	editor = {Vieira T.}
}
@article {2622,
	title = {Effects of Co-Cr corrosion products and corresponding separate metal ions on human osteoblast-like cell cultures},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. MATER. SCI. MATER. MED.},
	volume = {7},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 22Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Tomas, H.; Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, C1, Piso 5, 1700 Lisboa, PortugalReferences: Pohler, O.E.M., (1983) Biomaterials in Reconstructive Surgery, p. 158. , C. V. Mosby, St. Louis;Black, J., Oppenheiner, P., Morris, R.O.M., Peduto, A.M., Clark, C.C., (1987) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 21, p. 1213; 
Sunderman Jr., F.W., Hopfer, S.M., Swift, T., Rezuke, W.N., Ziebka, L., Highman, P., Edwards, B., Gossling, H.R., (1989) J. Orthop. Res., 7, p. 307; 
Traisnel, M., Maguer, D., Hildebrand, H.F., (1990) Clin. Mater., 5, p. 309; 
Moore Jr., R.M., Hamburger, S., Jeng, L.J., Hamilton, P.M., (1991) J. Appl. Biomater., 2, p. 127; 
Henning, E.F., Raithel, H.J., Schaller, K.H., D{\`o}hler, J.R., (1992) J. Trace Elem. Electrolytes Health Dis., 6, p. 239; 
Brown, S.A., Zhang, K., Merritt, K., Payer, J.H., (1993) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 27, p. 1007; 
Albore-Saavedra, J., Vuitch, F., Delgado, R., Wiley, E., Hagler, H., (1994) Amer. Surg. Pathol., 18, p. 83; 
Buechel, F.F., Drucker, D., Jasty, M., Jiranek, W., Harris, W., (1994) Clin. Orthop. Related Res., 298, p. 202; 
De Bruijn, J.D., (1993), p. 9. , PhD thesis, LeidenNasser, S., Campbell, P.A., Kilgus, D., Kossovsky, N., Amstutz, H.C., (1990) Clin. Orthop., 261, p. 171; 
Revell, P.A., Weightman, B., Freeman, M.A.R., Roberts, B.V., (1978) Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg., 91, p. 167; 
Vilamitjana-Amedee, J., Bareille, R., Rouais, F., Caplan, A.I., Harmand, M.F., (1993) In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol., 29 A, p. 699; 
Bizios, R., (1994) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 43, p. 582; 
Pizzoferrato, A., Ciapetti, G., Stea, S., Cenni, E., Arciola, C.R., Granchi, D., Savarino, L., (1994) Clin. Mater., 15, p. 173; 
Tom{\'a}s, H., Freire, A.P., Abrantes, L.M., (1994) J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 5, p. 446; 
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., Randall, R.J., (1951) J. Biol. Chem., 193, p. 256; 
Maniatopoulos, C., Sodek, J., Melcher, A.H., (1988) Cell Tissue Res., 254, p. 317; 
Berridge, M.V., Tan, A.S., (1993) Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 303, p. 474; 
Ciapetti, G., Cenni, E., Pratelli, L., Pizzoferrato, A., (1993) Biomaterials, 14, p. 359; 
Martin, A., Clynes, M., (1993) Cytotechnology, 11, p. 49; 
Carvalho, G.S., Castanheira, M., Diogo, I., Abreu, A.M., Sousa, J.P., Loon, J.A., Van Blitterswijk, C.A., J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., , in press; 
Gotoh, Y., Hiraiwa, K., Nagayama, M., (1990) Bone and Mineral, 8, p. 239; 
Bellows, C.G., Aubin, J.E., Heersche, J.N.M., (1991) Bone and Mineral, 14, p. 27
},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {291 - 296},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall Ltd},
	abstract = {The cytocompatibility of the degradation products of a Co-Cr orthopaedic alloy was investigated with particular focus on the dose-effect of an electrochemically dissolved alloy extract and of the corresponding separate metal ions on human osteogenic bone marrow derived cells. The extract solution contained 15ppm of Co and 8ppm of Cr as analysed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Stock salt solutions of CoCl                        2{\textperiodcentered}6H
                        2O, CrCl
                        3{\textperiodcentered}6H
                        2O and Na
                        2CrO
                        4 at corresponding concentrations were also prepared. Several dilutions of the above metallic solutions were tested for a period of 21 days on cells (third subculture) cultured in α-minimal essential medium containing foetal bovine serum and supplemented with antibiotics, dexamethasone ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate. The osteoblast response to the presence of metal ions was evaluated by several biochemical parameters: cell viability (MTT reduction by intracellular enzymes), alkaline phosphatase activity (an osteoblast marker) and protein production (both intracellular and extracellular). Co-Cr corrosion products showed opposite effects to their respective metal salts only on day 1. With time the different metal solutions presented a similar pattern of inhibition. These results suggest that impaired bone formation in vitro can occur in the presence of Co-Cr corrosion products.
The cytocompatibility of the degradation products of a Co-Cr orthopaedic alloy was investigated with particular focus on the dose-effect of an electrochemically dissolved alloy extract and of the corresponding separate metal ions on human osteogenic bone marrow derived cells. The extract solution contained 15 ppm of Co and 8 ppm of Cr as analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Stock salt solutions of COCl
                        2{\textperiodcentered}6H
                        2O, CrCl
                        3{\textperiodcentered}6H
                        2O and Na
                        2CrO
                        4 at corresponding concentrations were also prepared. Several dilutions of the above metallic solutions were tested for a period of 21 days on cells (third subculture) cultured in α-minimal essential medium containing foetal bovine serum and supplemented with antibiotics, dexamethasone ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate. The osteoblast response to the presence of metal ions was evaluated by several biochemical parameters: cell viability (MTT reduction by intracellular enzymes), alkaline phosphatase activity (an osteoblast marker) and protein production (both intracellular and extracellular). Co-Cr corrosion products showed opposite effects to their respective metal salts only on day 1. With time the different metal solutions presented a similar pattern of inhibition. These results suggest that impaired bone formation in vitro can occur in the presence of Co-Cr corrosion products.
},
	keywords = {Absorption spectroscopy, article, Atomic spectroscopy, Biocompatibility, Bone, Cell culture, Chromium alloys, Cobalt alloys, Corrosion, Corrosion resistance, Cytocompatibility, Enzyme inhibition, human, human cell, Human osteoblasts, Implants (surgical), Orthopaedic alloys, ossification, osteoblast, priority journal, surface property},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030150670\&partnerID=40\&md5=6d706a5f65ac90b430afd6df01a10fd7},
	author = {Tom{\'a}s, H. and Carvalho, G.S. and Fernandes, M.H. and Freire, A.P. and Abrantes, L.M.}
}
@article {2624,
	title = {Reinforcement of hydroxyapatite by adding P                    2O
                    5-CaO glasses with Na
                    2O, K
                    2O and MgO
},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. MATER. SCI. MATER. MED.},
	volume = {7},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 49Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Santos, J.D.; Dept. of Metallurgical Engineering, FEUP, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 4099 Porto Codex, PortugalChemicals/CAS: hydroxyapatite, 1306-06-5, 51198-94-8; magnesium oxide, 1309-48-4, 1317-74-4References: Barney, V.C., Levin, M.P., Adams, D.F., (1986) J. Perio Dont., 57, p. 764;Legeros, R.Z., (1988) Adv. Dent. Res., 2, p. 164; 
Aoki, H., (1991) Science and Medical Applications of Hydroxyapatite, p. 165. , Takayama Press System Center, JAAS, Tokyo; 
Ducheyne, P., (1987) J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Appl. Biomater., 21, p. 219; 
Heughbaert, J.C., Bonel, G., (1986) Biological and Biomechanical Performance of Biomaterials, p. 9. , edited by P. Christel, A. Meunier and A. J. C. Lee Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam; 
Ellis, L.G., Nelson, D.G.A., Featherstone, J.D.B., (1988) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 22, p. 541; 
Raemdonck, W.V., Ducheyne, P., Meester, P.D., (1984) Metal and Ceramic Biomaterials, p. 143. , edited by P. Ducheyne and G. W. Hashi CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL; 
Shors, E.C., Holmes, R.E., (1993) An Introduction to Bioceramics, p. 181. , edited by L. L. Hench and J. Wilson World Scientific, Hong Kong; 
Rey, C., (1990) Biomaterials, 11, p. 14; 
Evans, G., Behiri, J., Currey, J., Bonfield, W., (1990) J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 1, p. 38; 
Rey, C., Fr{\`e}che, M., Heughebaert, M., Heughebaert, J.C., Lacout, J.L., Vignoles, M., Bioceramics 4, London, 1991, p. 57. , edited by W. Bonfield, G. W. Hastings and K. E. Tanner (Butterworth-Heinemann, London); 
With, G., Van Dijk, H., Hattu, N., Prijs, K., (1981) J. Mater. Sci., 16, p. 1592; 
Akao, M., Aoki, H., Kato, K., (1981) J. Mater. Sci., 16, p. 809; 
Santos, J., Knowles, J., Reis, R., Monteiro, F., Hastings, G., (1994) Biomaterials, 15, p. 5; 
Soltesz, U., Richter, H., Kienzler, R., (1987) High Technology Ceramics, p. 110. , Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V., Amsterdam; 
(1971) Determination Micrographique de la Grosseur du Grain Ferritique ou Aust{\'e}nitique des Aciers; 
Daculsi, G., LeGeros, R.G., Nery, E., Lynch, K., Kerebel, B., (1989) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 23, p. 883
},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {187 - 189},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall Ltd},
	abstract = {Commercial hydroxyapatite was reinforced by adding small amounts (2 and 4 wt\%) of P                        2O
                        5-based glasses during its sintering process. The composites prepared had a chemical composition closely related to the mineral part of bone tissues in terms of trace elements usually detected, such as Na, K and Mg. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed that the glass reinforced-HA composites were composed of a HA matrix and variable amounts of tricalcium phosphate phase, depending on sintering temperature and glass composition. These composites were shown to have much higher biaxial bending strength than sintered HA, 107 MPa for Ha/2\% of 35P
                        2O
                        5-35CAO-10Na
                        2O-10K
                        2O-10MgO glass composite and 28 MPa for sintered HA. The presence of β-tricalcium phosphate in the microstructure of the composites is an important factor in the reinforcement process.
Commercial hydroxyapatite was reinforced by adding small amounts (2 and 4 wt\%) of P
                        2O
                        5-based glasses during its sintering process. The composites prepared had a chemical composition closely related to the mineral part of bone tissues in terms of trace elements usually detected, such as Na, K and Mg. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed that the glass reinforced-HA composites were composed of a HA matrix and variable amounts of tricalcium phosphate phase, depending on sintering temperature and glass composition. These composites were shown to have much higher biaxial bending strength than sintered HA, 107 MPa for Ha/2\% of 35P
                        2O
                        5-35CaO-10Na
                        2O-10K
                        2O-10MgO glass composite and 28 MPa for sintered HA. The presence of β-tricalcium phosphate in the microstructure of the composites is an important factor in the reinforcement process.
},
	keywords = {article, Bending strength, Bone, chemical composition, Composite materials, Composition, Composition effects, glass, Glass composition, Glass reinforced hydroxapatite composite, hydroxyapatite, implant, Magnesium Oxide, metal oxide, Microstructure, molecular dynamics, Phosphates, potassium derivative, priority journal, Sintering, Sintering temperature, sodium derivative, Thermal effects, Trace Elements, Tricalcium phosphate phase, X ray diffraction},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030108677\&partnerID=40\&md5=e9c978c3e018a1dd2db9b534ef00ea1b},
	author = {Santos, J.D. and Silva, P.L. and Knowles, J.C. and Talal, S. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
@article {2620,
	title = {Sintering effects in a glass reinforced hydroxyapatite},
	journal = {BiomaterialsBIOMATERIALS},
	volume = {17},
	year = {1996},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 39Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BIMADdoi: 10.1016/0142-9612(96)87287-5PubMed ID: 8830972Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Knowles, J.C.; Eastman Dental Institute, Queen Mary and Westfield College, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United KingdomChemicals/CAS: Durapatite, 1306-06-5References: Currey, J.D., (1984) The Mechanical Adaptations of Bones, , Princeton University Press;Brown, W.E., Chow, L., Chemical composition of bone mineral (1976) Ann Res Mater Sci, 6, pp. 213-226; 
Glimcher, M.J., Recent studies of the mineral phase in bone and its possible linkage to the organic matrix by protein bound phosphate conds (1984) Phil Trans R Soc Land, B304, pp. 479-508; 
Cook, S.D., Thomas, K.A., Kay, J.F., Jarcho, M., Hydroxyapatite-coated porous titanium for use as an orthopaedic biologic attachment system (1980) Clin Orthop, 230, pp. 303-312; 
Patka, P., Den Otter, G., De Groot, K., Driessen, A.A., Reconstruction of large bone defects with calcium phosphate ceramics. An experimental study (1985) Neth J Surg, 37, p. 38; 
Wolford, L.M., Wardrop, R.W., Hartog, J.M., Coralline porous hydroxyapatite as a bone graft substitute in orthognathic surgery (1987) J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 45, pp. 1034-1042; 
Santos, J.D., Morrey, S., Hastings, G.W., Monteiro, F.J., The production and characterisation of a hydroxyapatite ceramic material (1991) Bioceramics, Vol 4. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, 4, pp. 71-78. , Bonfield W, Hastings GW, Tanner KE, eds. London: Butterworth Heinemann; 
D{\"o}rre, E., Dawihl, W., Ceramic hip endoprostheses (1980) Mechanical Properties of Biomaterials, pp. 113-127. , Hastings GW, Williams DF, eds. New York: Wiley; 
Murray, M.G.S., Ponton, C.B., Marquis, P.M., Emulsion processing of hydroxyapatite (1992) Bioceramics, Vol 4. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, 4, pp. 15-22. , Kyoto: Kobunshi Kankokai; 
Puajindanetr, S., Best, S.M., Bonfield, W., Characterisation and sintering of precipitated hydroxyapatite (1994) Br Ceram Trans, 93 (3), pp. 96-99; 
Knowles, J.C., Bonfield, W., Development of a glass reinforced hydroxyapatite with enhanced mechanical properties. The effect of glass composition on mechanical properties and its relationship to phase changes (1993) J Biomed Mater Res, 27, pp. 159-1598; 
Santos, J.D., Knowles, J.C., Reis, R.L., Monteiro, F.J., Hastings, G.W., Microstructural characterisation of glass reinforced hydroxyapatite composites (1994) Biomaterials, 15 (1), pp. 5-10; 
Knowles, J.C., Development of hydroxyapatite with enhanced mechanical properties: Effect of high glass additions on mechanical properties and phase stability of sintered hydroxyapatite (1994) Br Ceram Trans, 93 (3), pp. 100-103; 
Ruys, A.J., Wei, M., Sorrell, C.C., Dickson, M.R., Brandwood, A., Milthorpe, B.K., Sintering effects on the strength of hydroxyapatite (1995) Biomaterials, 16, pp. 409-415; 
Santos, J.D., Reis, R.L., Monteiro, F.J., Knowles, J.C., Hastings, G.W., Liquid phase sintering of hydroxyapatite by phosphate and silicate glass additions. Structure and properties of the composites (1995) J Mater Sci Mater Med, , to be published; 
Soltesz, U., Ritcher, H., Keinzler, R., (1987) High Tech Ceramics, p. 110. , Vincenzini P, ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 
Laugier, M.T., New formula for indentation toughness in ceramics (1987) J Mater Sci Lett, 6, pp. 355-356; 
Knowles, J.C., Abrahams, I., Bonfield, W., Effect of reinforcing glass composition on phase transformation and crystallographic parameters in hydroxyapatite (1993) Bioceramics, 6, pp. 191-196. , Ducheyne P, Christiansen D, eds. Butterworth-Heinemann
},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {1437 - 1442},
	publisher = {Elsevier Science Ltd},
	abstract = {Glass was incorporated into hydroxyapatite (HA) to act as a sintering aid in order to improve the mechanical properties. The glass was added at 2 and 4 wt\% and the powders compacted uniaxially. The compacts were sintered at a variety of temperatures (1200, 1250, 1300 and 1350{\textdegree}C) and the effects of the glass addition and the firing temperature were studied to determine their effects on the sintering process. It was found that the glass promoted some phase changes, related to the amount of glass added to the composite. At 1200 and 1250{\textdegree}C, some β-tricaicium phosphate (TCP) was found with the residual being HA. However, at 1300 and 1350{\textdegree}C, both β- and α-TCP were formed. The 4 wt\% addition, as expected, promoted higher levels of secondary phases in the composite. The flexural bend strength (FBS) showed high values and also significant differences dependent on the amount of glass added. A 2 wt\% addition gave a gradual increase in FBS with temperature. With a 4 wt\% addition there was an increase in FBS, but above 1300{\textdegree}C there was a rapid decrease. These effects were mirrored in the linear shrinkage. Both the linear shrinkage and the FBS results were attributed to both the phase changes occurring and also change in grain size with increasing firing temperature.Glass was incorporated into hydroxyapatite (HA) to act as a sintering aid in order to improve the mechanical properties. The glass was added at 2 and 4 wt\% and the powders compacted uniaxially. The compacts were sintered at a variety of temperatures (1200, 1250, 1300 and 1350{\textdegree}C) and the effects of the glass addition and the firing temperature were studied to determine their effects on the sintering process. It was found that the glass promoted some phase changes, related to the amount of glass added to the composite. At 1200 and 1250{\textdegree}C, some β- tricalcium phosphate (TCP) was found with the residual being HA. However, at 1300 and 1350{\textdegree}C, both β- and α-TCP were formed. The 4 wt\% addition, as expected, promoted higher levels of secondary phases in the composite. The flexural bend strength (FBS) showed high values and also significant differences dependent on the amount of glass added. A 2 wt\% addition gave a gradual increase in FBS with temperature. With a 4 wt\% addition there was an increase in FBS, but above 1300{\textdegree}C there was a rapid decrease. These effects were mirrored in the linear shrinkage. Both the linear shrinkage and the FBS results were attributed to both the phase changes occurring and also change in grain size with increasing firing temperature.
},
	keywords = {article, Bending strength, Biomaterials, calcium phosphate, Chemistry, Physical, Durapatite, glass, Glass reinforced hydroxyapatite, Grain growth, hydroxyapatite, priority journal, Sintering, Sintering aid, temperature, tensile strength, Tricalcium phosphate, X-Ray Diffraction},
	isbn = {01429612 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030199532\&partnerID=40\&md5=e2e97bf466dcee25ee1b5c2c14022ecd},
	author = {Knowles, J.C. and Talal, S. and Santos, J.D.}
}
@article {2629,
	title = {Modifications in the molecular structure of hydroxyapatite induced by titanium ions},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. MATER. SCI. MATER. MED.},
	volume = {6},
	year = {1995},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 22Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1007/BF00134326Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Ribeiro, C.C.; Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica, Praca do Coronel Pacheco, 1, 4050 Porto, Portugal},
	month = {1995///},
	pages = {829 - 834},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall Ltd},
	abstract = {The purpose of this study was to contribute to the understanding of the effect of titanium ions released from a metallic substrate on the molecular structure of hydroxyapatite. The effects of pH, time of incubation and concentration of titanium ions were investigated. The solids were analysed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The results clearly indicate the presence of a titanium phosphate, Ti(HPO                        4)
                        2{\textperiodcentered}nH
                        2O (n = 1-3), which probably has a double layered structure. The formation of this compound is dependent on the titanium concentration and its crystallinity increases with the time of incubation.
The purpose of this study was to contribute to the understanding of the effect of titanium ions released from a metallic substrate on the molecular structure of hydroxyapatite. The effects of pH, time of incubation and concentration of titanium ions were investigated. The solids were analysed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The results clearly indicate the presence of a titanium phosphate, Ti(HPO
                        4)
                        2{\textperiodcentered}nH
                        2O (n = 1-3), which probably has a double layered structure. The formation of this compound is dependent on the titanium concentration and its crystallinity increases with the time of incubation.
},
	keywords = {Calcium Compounds, Chemical structure, Coatings, conference paper, Crystallinity, Crystallization, Dissolution, Energy dispersive x ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy, hydroxyapatite, Implants (surgical), incubation time, infrared spectroscopy, Ions, metal ion, Molecular Structure, pH, pH effects, phosphate, Phosphates, priority journal, Raman spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis, thermogravimetry, time, Titanium, Titanium compounds, X ray analysis, X ray diffraction},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029583899\&partnerID=40\&md5=724de7ed1c6fddd7a7e258cd19ba3710},
	author = {Ribeiro, C.C. and Barbosa, M.A. and Machado, A.A.S.C. and Tudor, A. and Davies, M.C.}
}
@article {2636,
	title = {Stainless steel corrosion products cause alterations on mouse spleen cellular populations},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. MATER. SCI. MATER. MED.},
	volume = {6},
	year = {1995},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 19Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1007/BF00121249Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Tracana, R.B.; Natl. Inst. Biomedical Engineering, INEB, Praca Coronel Pacheco 1, 4000 Porto, Portugal},
	month = {1995///},
	pages = {56 - 61},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall Ltd},
	abstract = {Stainless steel is a metallic biomaterial commonly used in orthopaedic surgery. In this study we looked at the effects of stainless steel corrosion products on spleen, in order to evaluate their potential immunotoxicological effects. For this purpose stainless steel, type AISI 316L, was electrochemically dissolved in a physiological salt solution. The final solution, containing 490 μg/ml Fe, 224 μg/ml Cr and 150 μg/ml Ni, was injected subcutaneously in mice. After several periods of time (4, 10 and 14 days) spleens were removed and analysed for: (a) their contents in Fe, Cr and Ni, (b) histological alterations, (c) enumeration of cellular populations. Results showed that stainless steel corrosion products accumulated in spleen, caused histological alterations, and induced changes in cellular populations. When compared to chromium and nickel, iron was the metal ion preferentially accumulated in spleen. The increase of the multinucleated giant cell population was accompanied by depletion of lymphocyte populations. This study indicates that stainless steel corrosion products can spread systemically and accumulate in spleen inducing histological and cellular alterations which may give rise to immunotoxicological consequences.Stainless steel is a metallic biomaterial commonly used in orthopaedic surgery. In this study we looked at the effects of stainless steel corrosion products on spleen, in order to evaluate their potential immunotoxicological effects. For this purpose stainless steel, type AISI 316L, was electrochemically dissolved in a physiological salt solution. The final solution, containing 490 μg/ml Fe, 224 μg/ml Cr and 150 μg/ml Ni, was injected subcutaneously in mice. After several periods of time (4, 10 and 14 days) spleens were removed and analysed for: (a) their contents in Fe, Cr and Ni, (b) histological alterations, (c) enumeration of cellular populations. Results showed that stainless steel corrosion products accumulated in spleen, caused histological alterations, and induced changes in cellular populations. When compared to chromium and nickel, iron was the metal ion preferentially accumulated in spleen. The increase of the multinucleated giant cell population was accompanied by depletion of lymphocyte populations. This study indicates that stainless steel corrosion products can spread systematically and accumulate in spleen inducing histological and cellular alterations which may give rise to immunotoxicological consequences.
},
	keywords = {animal cell, animal experiment, animal tissue, Animalia, article, Biocompatibility, biomaterial, cell population, Cells, Chromium, Chronoamperometry, controlled study, Corrosion, Corrosion products, Dissolution, electrochemistry, giant cell, histology, immunology, immunotoxicity, Immunotoxicological effects, Ions, Iron, Lymphocyte, lymphocyte subpopulation, male, mouse, Nickel, nonhuman, orthopedic surgery, priority journal, sodium chloride, Spleen, spleen cell, Stainless steel, Steel corrosion, subcutaneous drug administration, toxicity},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0028883275\&partnerID=40\&md5=0d4737517419b9f7ccafa996ef5e1bb1},
	author = {Tracana, R.B. and Pereira, M.L. and Abreu, A.M. and Sousa, J.P. and Carvalho, G.S.}
}
@article {2638,
	title = {Mouse inflammatory response to stainless steel corrosion products},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. MATER. SCI. MATER. MED.},
	volume = {5},
	year = {1994},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 15Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1007/BF00120337Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Tracana, R.B.; Nat. Inst. Biomedical Engineering, Praca Coronel Pacheco 14000 Porto, Portugal},
	month = {1994///},
	pages = {596 - 600},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall Ltd},
	abstract = {Corrosion occurs regularly following long-term implantation of stainless steel. Little is known about the inflammatory and immunological potential of stainless steel corrosion products. AISI 316L stainless steel was anodically dissolved in a physiologically solution, HBSS, through a chronoamperometric process by imposing an external constant current of 0.5 mA. The solution, containing 245 μg of Fe, 112 μg of Cr, 75 μg of Ni and 13 μg of Mo, was injected in the peritoneal cavity of male C57BL/6 mice. Five animals were used per survival period of time: 4, 16, 24, and 48 h, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks. Three control mice per survival period of time were injected with HBSS. For each assay, peritoneal samples were analysed not only for the total number of cells but also for the percentages of macrophages, lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, which were estimated by differential counting on Wright-stained cytocentrifuge preparations. Our follow-up study showed that stainless steel corrosion products induced an acute inflammatory response for a period of one week as demonstrated by the influx of PMN cells and macrophages. In contrast neither a chronic inflammation nor an immune response was observed indicating that the stainless steel solution caused a minor tissue response.A follow-up study of the changes to mouse peritoneal cell populations, succeeding intraperitoneal injection of stainless steel corrosion products, in order to assess the inflammatory response to such metals was presented. AISI stainless steel was anodically dissolved in a physiologically solution, Hank{\textquoteright}s balanced salt solution (HBSS), which was injected in the peritoneal cavity of male mice. Five animals were designated per survival time interval of 4, 16, 24, and 48 h, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks. Three control mice per survival period of time were treated with HBSS. For each assay, peritoneal samples were tested for total number of cells and percentages of macrophages, lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells. The follow-up study revealed that stainless steel corrosion products induced an acute inflammatory response for a duration of one week as shown by the influx of PMN cells and macrophages. In contrast, neither a chronic inflammation nor an immune response was noted suggesting that stainless steel solution caused a minor tissue response.
},
	keywords = {animal cell, animal experiment, Animalia, article, Assays, Cell Count, Cells, Chromium, Chronoamperometry, controlled study, Corrosion, Dissolution, follow up, immune response, immunology, Inflammation, Inflammatory response, Iron, Lymphocyte, Lymphocytes, macrophage, Macrophages, male, metal implantation, Mice (animal), molybdenum, mouse, Nickel, nonhuman, Peritoneal cavity, Polymorphonuclear, polymorphonuclear cell, priority journal, Stainless steel, time, Tissue, Wright stained cytocentrifuge},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0028500732\&partnerID=40\&md5=f1f2116e247beed68534321b6ad1f423},
	author = {Tracana, R.B. and Sousa, J.P. and Carvalho, G.S.}
}
