



@article {2832,
	title = {The smart connective tissue of echinoderms: A materializing promise for biotech applications},
	journal = {Cahiers de Biologie Marine},
	volume = {54},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Export Date: 12 December 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2013///},
	pages = {713 - 720},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84888251812\&partnerID=40\&md5=da72fa98c41a55cd98f71fdaec4b8424},
	author = {Barbaglio, A. and Tricarico, S. and Di Benedetto, C. and Fassini, D. and Lima, A.P. and Ribeiro, A.R. and Ribeiro, C.C. and Sugni, M. and Bonasoro, F. and Wilkie, L. and Barbosa, M. and Candia Carnevali, M.D.}
}
@book {2320,
	title = {Morphology and mechanical properties of injectable ceramic microspheres},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {396-398},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAEdoi: 10.4028/0-87849-353-0.691Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Oliveira, S. M.; ESTV, Departamento de Engenharia Mec{\^a}nica, Instituto Polit{\'e}cnico de Viseu, Viseu, PortugalReferences: Barrias, C.C., Ribeiro, C.C., Lamghari, M., Miranda, C.S., Barbosa, M.A., Proliferation, activity, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells cultured on calcium titanium phosphate microspheres (2005) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 72 A (1), pp. 57-66;Barrias, C.C., Ribeiro, C.C., Barbosa, M.A., Adhesion and proliferation of human osteoblastic cells seeded on injectable hydroxyapatite microspheres (2004) Bioceramics, 16, pp. 254-262,877-880; 
Ribeiro, C.C., Barrias, C.C., Barbosa, M.A., Calcium phosphate-alginate microspheres as enzyme delivery matrices (2004) Biomaterials, 25 (18), pp. 4363-4373; 
Silva, R.V., Camilli, J.A., Bertran, C.A., Moreira, N.H., The use of hydroxyapatite and autogenous cancellous bone grafts to repair bone defects in rats (2005) International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 34 (2), pp. 178-184; 
Boyan, B.D., Lossd{\"o}rfer, S., Wang, L., Zhao, G., Lohmann, C.H., Cochran, D.L., Schwartz, Z., Osteoblasts generate an osteogenic microenvironment when grown on surfaces with rough microtopographies (2003) Eur Cell Mater, 6, pp. 22-27; 
Cardoso, O.N., Sotto Mayor, T., Pinto, A.M.F.R., Campos, J.B.L.M., Axial dispersion of particles in a slugging column - the role of the laminar wake of the bubbles (2003) Chemical Engineering Science, 58 (18), pp. 4159-4172; 
Gauthier, O., Bouler, J.M., Weiss, P., Bosco, J., Aguado, E., Daculsi, G., Short-term effects of mineral particle sizes on cellular degradation activity after implantation of injectable calcium phosphate biomateriais and the consequences for bone substitution (1999) Bone, 25 (2), pp. 71S-74S; 
Xu, H.H., Weir, M.D., Burguera, E.F., Fraser, A.M., Injectable and macroporous calcium phosphate cement scaffold (2006) Biomaterials, 27 (24), pp. 4279-4287; 
Ginebra, M.P., Rilliard, A., Fernandez, E., Elvira, C., San Roman, J., Planell, J.A., Mechanical and rheological improvement of a calcium phosphate cement by the addition of a polymeric drug (2001) J Biomed Mater Res, 57 (1), pp. 113-118
},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {691 - 694},
	abstract = {The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of starting powder granulometry and sintering conditions on the morphological structure and mechanical properties of injectable hydroxyapaptite (HAp) microspheres. The mechanical properties of the microspheres were evaluated, to investigate if their integrity could be maintained during the injection process. To obtain microspheres, HAp powders were dispersed in a sodium alginate solution and spherical particles were prepared by droplet extrusion under a co-axial air stream, coupled with ionotropic gelation in the presence of Ca                        2+. This was followed by a sintering process at various temperatures and times. The morphology of microspheres was observed under SEM, diameter measurements were performed in an optical microscope and the compression strength was evaluated using a texture analyzer. Finally, microspheres prepared using lower granulometry HAp powders and sintered at 1200{\textdegree}C for 1 hour presented the best properties and were selected as the most suitable for the envisaged application.
},
	keywords = {Air streams, Apatite, Calcium, Ceramic microspheres, Co-axial, Coagulation, Compression strengths, Diameter measurements, Gelation, Granulometry, hydroxyapatite, Injectable, Injection process, Ionotropic gelations, Mechanical properties, Microspheres, Morphological structures, Morphology and mechanical properties, Optical microscopes, Powders, SEM, Sintering, Sintering conditions, Sintering process, Sodium, Sodium alginates, Spherical particles, Starting powders, Texture analyzers},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-58849147162\&partnerID=40\&md5=5bf4364653a3ad10b5ab28c1a01568ab},
	author = {Oliveira, S.M. and Barrias, C.C. and Ribeiro, C.C. and Almeida, I.F. and Bahia, M.F. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@book {2385,
	title = {Characterization of hydroxyapatite sputtered films doped with titanium},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {330-332 I},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Ribeiro, A.R.; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: arr@ineb.up.ptReferences: Bhat, (2002) Biomaterials, , Narosa Publishing House/Kluwer Academic Publishers, India;Feddes B, Vredenberg AM. Wolke JGC, Jansen JA.: Surface and Coatings Technology 185 (2-3) (2004), p. 346Gisep, A., (2002) Injury-International Journal of the Care of the Injured, 33 (SUPPL. 2), p. 88; 
Ooms, E.M., Wolke, J.G.C., van der Waerden, J.P.C.M., (2002) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 61 (1), p. 9; 
Barrias, C.C., Ribeiro, C.C., Rodriguez, D., S{\'a} Miranda, C., Barbosa, M.A., (2005) Key Engineering Materials, 284-286, p. 689; 
Ribeiro, C.C., Barrias, C.C., Barbosa, M.A., (2004) Biomaterials, 25, p. 4363; 
van Dijk, K., Schaeken, H.G., Mar{\'e}e, C.H.M., Verhoeven, J., Wolke, J.C.G., Habraken, F.H.P.M., Jansen, J.A., (1995) Surface and Coatings Technology, 76-77, p. 206; 
Hulshoff, J.E.G., van Dijk, K., de Ruijter, J.E., (1998) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 40 (3), p. 464; 
Yang, Y.Z., Kim, K.H., Ong, J.L., (2005) Biomaterials, 26 (3), p. 327; 
Ong, J.L., Lucas, L.C., (1998) Biomaterials, 19 (4-5), p. 455; 
Thian, E.S., Huang, J., Best, S.M., Barber, Z.H., Bonfield, W., (2005) Biomaterials, 26, p. 2947
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {649 - 652},
	abstract = {In the present work, thin films of hydroxyapatite (HAp), titanium, and hydroxyapatite doped with different titanium concentrations were obtained by sputtering and characterized using several analytical techniques. These films are intended to be used as model surfaces on protein adsorption studies in order to better understand the role of titanium ions in biological processes.},
	keywords = {Adsorption, Biofilms, Doping (additives), hydroxyapatite, Hydroxyapatite sputtered films, Model surfaces, Proteins, Sputtering, Titanium, Titanium ions},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33846300257\&partnerID=40\&md5=7946215d8f37e0e216b57336b89f0f02},
	author = {Ribeiro, A.R. and Piedade, A.P. and Ribeiro, C.C. and Vieira, M.T. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@book {2414,
	title = {Calcium phosphate microspheres for localised delivery of a therapeutic enzyme},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {309-311 II},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Barrias, C.C.; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, R. Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: ccbarrias@ineb.up.ptReferences: Barrias, C.C., Ribeiro, C.C., Barbosa, M.A., (2004) Key Eng. Mater., 254-256, p. 877;Barrias, C.C., Ribeiro, C.C., Lamghari, M., Miranda, C.S., Barbosa, M.A., (2005) J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A, 72 A, p. 57; 
Scriver, S.R., (2001) The Metabolic Bases of Inherited Disease, , McGraw-Hill, New York; 
Sa Miranda, M.C., Aerts, J.M., Pinto, R., Fontes, A., (1990) Clin. Genet., 38, p. 218; 
Barrias, C.C., Ribeiro, C.C., Barbosa, M.A., (2005) Key Eng. Mater, 284-285, p. 689; 
Qi, X.Y., Grabowski, G.A., (1998) Biochem., 38, p. 11544; 
Barrias, C.C., Martins, M.A., Miranda, M.A., Barbosa, M.A., (2005) Biomaterials, 26, p. 2695
},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {903 - 906},
	abstract = {The ability of calcium titanium phosphate (CTP) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) microspheres to reversibly adsorb the enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCR) while preserving its biological activity, and efficiently deliver it to Gaucher disease (GD) fibroblasts was investigated. CTP microspheres adsorbed ca. 3.6-fold more GCR than HAp microspheres. The activity of adsorbed GCR was higher than the free enzyme in the case of CTP microspheres and lower when HAp was used. GCR release from both types of microspheres was characterized by the initial elution of a large percentage of enzyme followed by a delayed release that extended for at least 30 days. Released GCR was internalized by GD fibroblasts increasing their intracellular enzymatic activity. In cells treated with the same amount of GCR-loaded CTP microspheres or free-GCR a higher intracellular activity was detected in the former case, suggesting an improved efficacy.},
	keywords = {Adsorption, Biocompatibility, biological activity, Biomaterials, Calcium Compounds, Calcium titanium phosphate, Calcium titanium phosphate (CTP), Cells, Enzyme adsorption, Enzymes, hydroxyapatite, Microspheres},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33645396489\&partnerID=40\&md5=de3cf8530e8c690b254fed782b964340},
	author = {Barrias, C.C. and Ribeiro, C.C. and Martins, M.C.L. and Barbosa, M.A. and Rodrigues, D. and Miranda, M.C.S.}
}
@article {2418,
	title = {The uptake of titanium ions by hydroxyapatite particles - Structural changes and possible mechanisms},
	journal = {BiomaterialsBiomaterials},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 44Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BIMADdoi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.09.043PubMed ID: 16256192Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Ribeiro, C.C.; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto 4150-180, Portugal; email: cribeiro@ineb.up.ptChemicals/CAS: hydroxyapatite, 1306-06-5, 51198-94-8; titanium, 7440-32-6; Biocompatible Materials; Durapatite, 1306-06-5; Ions; Solutions; titanium phosphate, 17017-57-1; Titanium, 7440-32-6References: Fowler, B.O., Infrared studies of apatites. II Preparation of normal and isotopically substituted calcium, strontium, and barium hydroxyapatites and spectra-structure-composition correlations (1974) Inorg Chem, 13, pp. 207-214;Legeros, R.Z., Daculsi, G., Orly, I., Abergas, T., Torres, W., Solution mediated transformation of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) to apatite (1989) Scann Microsc, 3, pp. 129-138; 
Takahashi, H., Yashima, M., Kakihana, M., Yoshimura, M., Synthesis of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite by a "gel" route from the aqueous solution of citric and phosphonoacetic acids (1995) Eur J Solid State Inorg Chem, 32, pp. 829-835; 
Posner, A.S., Blumenthal, N., Betts, F., Chemistry and structure of precipitated hydroxyapatites (1984) Phosphate Minerals, pp. 330-347. , J.O. Nriagu P.B. Moore Springer New York; 
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Levin, S.M., Goldberg, M., Clinical evaluation and management of lead-exposed construction workers (2000) Am J Ind Med, 37, pp. 23-43; 
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Joris, S.J., Amberg, C.H., The nature of deficiency in non-stoichiometric hydroxyapatites II. Spectroscopic studies of calcium and strontium hydroxyapatites (1971) J Phys Chem, 75, pp. 3172-3178; 
Leung, Y., Walters, M.A., Legeros, R.Z., Second derivative infrared spectra of hydroxyapatite (1990) Spectroc Acta, 46 (10), pp. 1453-1459; 
Miller, L.M., Vaiaravamurthy, V., Chance, M.R., Mendelshon, R., Paschalis, E.P., Betts, F., In situ analysis of mineral content and crystallinity in bone using infrared micro-spectroscopy of the ν 4 PO 4 3- vibration (2001) Biochim Biophys Acta, 1527, pp. 11-19; 
Fowler, B.O., Infrared studies of apatites I. Vibrational assignments for calcium, strontium and barium hydroxyapatites utilizing isotopic substitutions (1974) Inorg Chem, 13, pp. 194-207; 
Fowler, B.O., Moreno, E.C., Brown, W.E., Infra-red spectra of hydroxyapatite, octacalcium phosphate and pyrolised calcium phosphate (1966) Arch Oral Biol, 11, pp. 477-492; 
Rey, C., Shimizu, M., Collins, B., Glimcher, M.J., Resolution enhanced Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study of the environment of phosphate ion in the early deposits of a solid phase calcium phosphate in bone and enamel and their evolution with age: Investigations in the ν 3 PO 4 3- domain (1991) Calcif Tissue Int, 49, pp. 383-388; 
Rey, C., Shimizu, M., Collins, B., Glimcher, M.J., Resolution enhanced Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study of the environment of phosphate ion in the early deposits of a solid phase calcium phosphate in bone and enamel and their evolution with age: Investigations in the ν 4 PO 4 3- domain (1990) Calcif Tissue Int, 46, pp. 384-394; 
Gadaleta, S.J., Paschalis, E.P., Betts, F., Mendelsohn, R., Boskey, A.L., Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of the solution-mediated conversion of amorphous calcium phosphate to hydroxyapatite: New correlations between X-ray diffraction and infrared data (1996) Calcif Tissue Int, 58, pp. 9-16; 
Bailey, R.T., Holt, C., Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and characterisation of biological calcium phosphates (1989) Calcified Tissues, pp. 93-120. , D.W.L. Hukins Macmillan Press Basingstoke; 
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Gibson, I.R., Rehman, I., Best, S.M., Bonfield, W., Characterization of the transformation from calcium-deficient apatite to β-tricalcium phosphate (2000) J Mater Sci: Mater Med, 12, pp. 799-804; 
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Leadley, S.R., Davis, M.C., Ribeiro, C.C., Barbosa, M.A., Paul, A.J., Watts, J.F., Investigation of the dissolution of the bioceramic hydroxyapatite in the presence of titanium ions using ToF-SIMS and XPS (1997) Biomaterials, 18, pp. 311-316; 
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},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {1749 - 1761},
	abstract = {In order to understand the effect of titanium ions on the molecular structure of hydroxyapatite (HAp), HAp powders were incubated in solutions with different titanium concentrations. After incubation, the powders obtained were analysed using different techniques, namely X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results suggest that, depending on the concentration of titanium in solution, two different mechanisms of interaction with HAp occur. For concentrations equal to or smaller than 200 ppm, the titanium uptake by the solid seems to be primarily due to incorporation in the lattice. For higher concentrations, a dissolution-precipitation process seems to occur, leading to formation of a titanium phosphate compound. {\textcopyright} 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {article, Biocompatible Materials, concentration response, differential scanning calorimetry, drug mechanism, drug structure, Durapatite, Energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydroxyapatite, Incubation, infrared spectroscopy, Ions, Lattice constants, particulate matter, powder, Precipitation (chemical), priority journal, Solutions, Spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, temperature, Titanium, Titanium ions, Titanium phosphate, X ray diffraction, X ray diffraction analysis, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction},
	isbn = {01429612 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-28744435342\&partnerID=40\&md5=d3c05375129c7b4a53ec5a0c4b4271d3},
	author = {Ribeiro, C.C. and Gibson, I. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@book {2426,
	title = {Effect of calcium phosphate addition to alginate microspheres: modulation of enzyme release kinetics and improvement of cell adhesion},
	series = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {284-286},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 4Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Barrias, C.C.; INEB - Institute de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomaterials, R. Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: ccbarrias@ineb.up.ptReferences: Graopwski, G.A., Leslie, N., Wenstrup, R., (1998) Blood Rev, 12, p. 115;Rowley, J.A., Madlambayan, G., Mooney, D.J., (1999) Biomaterials, 20, p. 45; 
Dalby, M.J., Di Silvio, L., Harper, E.J., Bonfield, W., (2002) Biomaterials, 23, p. 569
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {689 - 692},
	abstract = {In this study, the addition of calcium phosphate powders to an alginate matrix was evaluated as a strategy to modulate enzyme release-kinetics from alginate microspheres and, simultaneously, to improve cell adhesion to the polymer. Pre-adsorption of the enzyme to the ceramic powders resulted in a more adequate release pattern. The ratio of ceramic-to-polymer had a pronounced effect on osteoblast adhesion to microspheres. Cells were only able to spread on microspheres with the highest percentage of ceramic (0.4 w/w using a 1.5\% w/v alginate solution).},
	keywords = {Alginate, Bioceramics, calcium phosphate, Calcium titanium phosphate, cell adhesion, Enzyme kinetics, Enzyme release, hydroxyapatite, Microspheres, Osteoblasts},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-20744433251\&partnerID=40\&md5=30ce8fc67d1e3e37074cc056f650b798},
	author = {Barrias, C.C. and Ribeiro, C.C. and Rodrigues, D. and Miranda, M.C.S. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@article {2460,
	title = {Proliferation, activity, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells cultured on calcium titanium phosphate microspheres},
	journal = {Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part AJ. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 34Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JBMRCdoi: 10.1002/jbm.a.30217PubMed ID: 15543603Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Barrias, C.C.; INEB, Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica, Laboratorio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: ccbarrias@ineb.up.ptChemicals/CAS: alkaline phosphatase, 9001-78-9; calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5, 13767-12-9, 14358-97-5, 7758-87-4; osteocalcin, 136461-80-8; titanium, 7440-32-6; Alkaline Phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.1; Calcium, 7440-70-2; Osteocalcin, 104982-03-8; titanium phosphate, 17017-57-1; Titanium, 7440-32-6References: Senuma, Y., Franceschin, S., Hilborn, J.G., Tissieres, P., Bisson, I., Frey, P., Bioresorbable microspheres by spinning disk atomization as injectable cell carrier: From preparation to in vitro evaluation (2000) Biomaterials, 21 (11), pp. 1135-1144;Hsu, F.Y., Chueh, S.C., Wang, Y.J., Microspheres of hydroxyapatite/ reconstituted collagen as supports for osteoblast cell growth (1999) Biomaterials, 20 (20), pp. 1931-1936; 
McGlohorn, J.B., Grimes, L.W., Webster, S.S., Burg, K.J., Characterization of cellular carriers for use in injectable tissue-engineering composites (2003) J Biomed Mater Res, 66 A (3), pp. 441-449; 
Wu, T.J., Huang, H.H., Lan, C.W., Lin, C.H., Hsu, F.Y., Wang, Y.J., Studies on the microspheres comprised of reconstituted collagen and hydroxyapatite (2004) Biomaterials, 25 (4), pp. 651-658; 
Barrias, C.C., Ribeiro, C.C., Barbosa, M.A., Adhesion and proliferation of human osteoblastic cells seeded on injectable hydroxyapatite microspheres (2004) Key Eng Mater, 254-256, pp. 877-880; 
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Ribeiro, C.C., Barrias, C.C., Barbosa, M.A., A novel route for the preparation of injectable ceramic porous microspheres for bone tissue engineering (2003) Ceramics, Cells and Tissues Annual Conferences: Bioceramic Surfaces Behavior in Vitro and in Vivo, pp. 228-232. , Ravaglioli A, Krajewski A, editors. Faenza: ISTEC-CNR editions; 
Ribeiro, C.C., Barrias, C.C., Barbosa, M.A., (2004) Preparation and Characterisation of Calcium-phosphate Microspheres for Biomedical Applications, , Submitted for publication; 
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Knabe, C., Berger, G., Gildenhaar, R., Klar, F., Zreiqat, H., The modulation of osteogenesis in vitro by calcium titanium phosphate coatings (2004) Biomaterials, 25, pp. 4911-4919
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {57 - 66},
	abstract = {In this study, the behavior of bone marrow stromal cells cultured on calcium titanium phosphate (CTP) microspheres was analyzed. Cell adhesion and proliferation were estimated by the neutral red assay and by total DNA quantification. Morphology and deposition of extracellular matrix were assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and/or scanning electron microscopy. The expression of the osteoblastic phenotype was evaluated by monitoring alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin secretion. Results revealed that cells were able to attach and spread on the surface of CTP microspheres, and gradually grow into nearly confluent monolayers. Moreover, cells were able to bridge adjacent microspheres forming microsphere-cell clusters. Cells produced an abundant amount of fibrillar extracellular matrix that covered the substrate surface. Alkaline phosphatase activity peaked around days 7-14 and then decreased until day 21. Cells secreted osteocalcin, with higher levels being detected at day 14 than at day 21. Taken together, these results suggest that CTP microspheres are appropriate scaffolds for the growth and differentiation of cells along the osteoblastic lineage. {\textcopyright} 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},
	keywords = {alkaline phosphatase, animal cell, Animals, article, Bioassay, Bone, bone marrow cell, Bone Marrow Cells, bone marrow stromal cell, Bone marrow stromal cells, Calcium, Calcium Compounds, calcium phosphate, Calcium titanium phosphate, cell adhesion, Cell culture, cell differentiation, cell growth, cell lineage, cell proliferation, cell structure, Confluent monolayers, confocal laser microscopy, Confocal laser scanning microscopy, controlled study, Deposition, DNA determination, enzyme activity, Enzyme kinetics, extracellular matrix, Microscopy, Electron, microsphere, Microspheres, nonhuman, osteoblast, osteocalcin, Osteogenesis, Osteogenic differentiation, phenotype, protein expression, protein secretion, rat, Rats, Scanning electron microscopy, Stromal Cells, surface property, Tissue culture, Tissue engineering, Titanium, unclassified drug},
	isbn = {00219304 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-10444223137\&partnerID=40\&md5=ab1b84ba6dd86274c0102567dffe1418},
	author = {Barrias, C.C. and Ribeiro, C.C. and Lamghari, M. and S{\'a} Miranda, C. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@article {2474,
	title = {Calcium phosphate-alginate microspheres as enzyme delivery matrices},
	journal = {BiomaterialsBiomaterials},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 92Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BIMADdoi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.11.028PubMed ID: 15046927Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Ribeiro, C.C.; Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, INEB, Inst. de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto 4150-180, Portugal; email: cribeiro@ineb.up.ptChemicals/CAS: Alginates; alginic acid, 9005-32-7; calcium phosphate, 10103-46-5; Calcium Phosphates; Drug Carriers; Enzymes, Immobilized; Glucosylceramidase, EC 3.2.1.45; Glucuronic Acid, 576-37-4; Hexuronic Acids; PowdersReferences: Griffith, L.G., Naughton, G., Tissue engineering: Current challenges and expanding opportunities (2002) Science, 295, pp. 1009-1014;Hench, L.L., Polak, J.M., Third-generation biomedical materials (2002) Science, 295, pp. 1014-1017; 
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},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {4363 - 4373},
	abstract = {The present study concerns the preparation and initial characterisation of novel calcium titanium phosphate-alginate (CTP-alginate) and hydroxyapatite-alginate (HAp-alginate) microspheres, which are intended to be used as enzyme delivery matrices and bone regeneration templates. Microspheres were prepared using different concentrations of polymer solution (1\% and 3\%w/v) and different ceramic-to-polymer solution ratios (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4w/w). Ceramic powders were characterised using X-ray diffraction, laser granulometry, Brunauer, Emmel and Teller (BET) method for the determination of surface area, zeta potential and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Alginate was characterised using high performance size exclusion chromatography. The methodology followed in this investigation enabled the preparation of homogeneous microspheres with a uniform size. Studies on the immobilisation and release of the therapeutic enzyme glucocerebrosidase, employed in the treatment of Gaucher disease, were also performed. The enzyme was incorporated into the ceramic-alginate matrix before gel formation in two different ways: pre-adsorbed onto the ceramic particles or dispersed in the polymeric matrix. The two strategies resulted in distinct release profiles. Slow release was obtained after adsorption of the enzyme to the ceramic powders, prior to preparation of the microspheres. An initial fast release was achieved when the enzyme and the ceramic particles were dispersed in the alginate solution before producing the microspheres. The latter profile is very similar to that of alginate microspheres. The different patterns of enzyme release increase the range of possible applications of the system investigated in this work. {\textcopyright} 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Absorption, Adsorption, Alginate, Alginates, article, Biomaterials, Bone, Calcium Compounds, Calcium phosphates, Calcium titanium phosphate, calcium titanium phosphate alginate, ceramics, Drug Carriers, Drug Delivery Systems, Enzyme delivery, Enzyme-delivery, Enzymes, Enzymes, Immobilized, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Glucosylceramidase, Glucuronic Acid, Hexuronic Acids, High performance liquid chromatography, hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite alginate, laser, methodology, microsphere, Microspheres, Molecular Conformation, Particle Size, Powders, priority journal, surface property, unclassified drug, X ray diffraction},
	isbn = {01429612 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-1642331315\&partnerID=40\&md5=217590793385cbaff039a6b260d3d85c},
	author = {Ribeiro, C.C. and Barrias, C.C. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@article {2550,
	title = {Affinity of hydroxyapatite to metal cations - a study on the composition and structure of phosphates formed in the presence of titanium and aluminum},
	journal = {Key Engineering MaterialsKey Eng Mat},
	volume = {192-195},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Conference code: 57760Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: KEMAELanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Ribeiro, C.C.; INEB, Porto, PortugalReferences: Andress, D.L., Maloney, N.A., Endres, D.B., Sherrard, D.J., (1986) J. Bone Mineral Res., 1, p. 391;Posner, A.S., Blumenthal, N.C., Boskey, A.L., (1986) Kidney Int., 29, p. 17; 
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},
	month = {2001///},
	pages = {55 - 58},
	publisher = {Trans Tech Publ},
	address = {Bologna, Italy},
	abstract = {The purpose of this study was to contribute to the understanding of the effect of titanium, aluminium and titanium/aluminium on the Hap structure and to investigate if a synergistic effect between the two cations exists. The effect of the metal ion concentration was studied. The solids were analysed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FT-Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis.},
	keywords = {Aluminum, Energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Hap structure, hydroxyapatite, Positive ions, Raman spectroscopy, Structure (composition), Synergistic effect, Titanium, X ray diffraction analysis},
	isbn = {10139826 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035147724\&partnerID=40\&md5=519703da8430f82ae6ea9c07670463e7},
	author = {Ribeiro, C.C. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@article {2539,
	title = {Mineralization of regenerated cellulose hydrogels},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med.},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 20Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1023/A:1013960601330Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Granja, P.L.; INEB - Inst. de Engenharia Biomedica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Portugal and Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823-4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: pgranja@ibmc.up.ptTradenames: Cellspon, Hexabio, France; Regenerated cellulose hydrogel (CRV), Hexabio, FranceManufacturers: Cellomeda, Finland; Hexabio, FranceReferences: Abdel-Fattah, W.I., El-Sayed, A.M., Ali, F.M., Beheri, H.H., (1994) Biomaterials, 15, p. 643;Schwartz, Z., Braun, G., Kohavi, D., Brooks, B., Amir, D., Sela, J., Boyan, B., (1993) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 27, p. 1029; 
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},
	month = {2001///},
	pages = {785 - 791},
	abstract = {Due to their high water swelling, regenerated cellulose hydrogels and sponges were pre-incubated in a Ca-containing solution, and their mineralization was investigated. Results obtained demonstrate that a simple pre-incubation treatment in a Ca containing solution can induce mineralization in materials with limited or no tendency to mineralize. The minerals formed had an apatitic carbonated and poorly crystalline structure, resembling carbonated hydroxyapatite found in bone mineral. The apatitic layer formed showed a relatively accelerated growth using this technique, exhibiting nodules in their macroscopic structure, which seem to indicate lateral growth. The porous structure of regenerated cellulose sponges was also homogeneously mineralized using this technique. {\textcopyright} 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers.},
	keywords = {Apatite, article, Bone, bone mineral, Calcification (biochemistry), Calcium, Carbon, Cellulose, crystal, hydrogel, Hydrogels, hydroxyapatite, Incubation, infrared spectroscopy, mineralization, porosity, priority journal, Scanning electron microscopy, surface property, Swelling, Water},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034771780\&partnerID=40\&md5=58fcd227f17f7da6e5e0af69c7351f0a},
	author = {Granja, P.L. and Ribeiro, C.C. and De J{\'e}so, B. and Baquey, C. and Barbosa, M.A.}
}
@article {2612,
	title = {Investigation of the dissolution of the bioceramic hydroxyapatite in the presence of titanium ions using ToF-SIMS and XPS},
	journal = {BiomaterialsBIOMATERIALS},
	volume = {18},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 28Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: BIMADdoi: 10.1016/S0142-9612(96)00134-2PubMed ID: 9068892Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Davies, M.C.; Lab. Biophysics and Surface Analysis, Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United KingdomChemicals/CAS: Biocompatible Materials; Cations; Ceramics; Durapatite, 1306-06-5; Titanium, 7440-32-6References: Hench, L.L., Wilson, J., Bioceramics (1991) MRS Bull, p. 62. , September;Katz, J.L., Harper, R.A., (1990) Concise Encyclopedia of Medical and Dental Materials, p. 87. , ed. D. F. Williams, Pergamon Press, Oxford; 
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},
	month = {1997///},
	pages = {311 - 316},
	publisher = {Elsevier Science Ltd},
	abstract = {Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses have been used to investigate the dissolution of hydroxyapatite in the presence of titanium chloride suggesting the substitution of titanium ions for calcium in the hydroxyapatite structure. The surface analytical data suggest that titanium was incorporated within the solid phase as titanium phosphate. Comparison of relative ion intensities in the ToF-SIMS spectra reveals changes in the composition of the surface chemistry of hydroxyapatite. These relative ion intensities show that the maximum surface uptake of titanium occurred at a solution concentration of 500 ppm titanium chloride for a time of incubation of 30 min. These data correlate with that obtained using XPS highlighting the semi-quantitative information which ToF-SIMS can provide.Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses have been used to investigate the dissolution of hydroxyapatite in the presence of titanium chloride suggesting the substitution of titanium ions for calcium in the hydroxyapatite structure. The surface analytical data suggest that titanium was incorporated within the solid phase as titanium phosphate. Comparison of relative ion intensities in the ToF-SIMS spectra reveals changes in the composition of the surface chemistry of hydroxyapatite. These relative ion intensities show that the maximum surface uptake of titanium occurred at a solution concentration of 500 ppm titanium chloride for a time of incubation of 30 min. These data correlate with that obtained using XPS highlighting the semi-quantitative information which ToF-SIMS can provide.
},
	keywords = {article, Bioceramic hydroxyapatite, Biocompatible Materials, biomaterial, Biomaterials, Cations, ceramic prosthesis, ceramics, Composition, Dissolution, Durapatite, hydroxyapatite, information processing, mass spectrometry, Phosphates, priority journal, Radiography, Secondary ion mass spectrometry, Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion, Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission, Spectrophotometry, Substitution reactions, Surface chemistry, surface property, Surface structure, Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, Titanium, Titanium chloride, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy},
	isbn = {01429612 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031080821\&partnerID=40\&md5=9581c063071547190645f666a211bddb},
	author = {Leadley, S.R. and Davies, M.C. and Ribeiro, C.C. and Barbosa, M.A. and Paul, A.J. and Watts, J.F.}
}
@article {2629,
	title = {Modifications in the molecular structure of hydroxyapatite induced by titanium ions},
	journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in MedicineJ. MATER. SCI. MATER. MED.},
	volume = {6},
	year = {1995},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 22Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: JSMMEdoi: 10.1007/BF00134326Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Ribeiro, C.C.; Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica, Praca do Coronel Pacheco, 1, 4050 Porto, Portugal},
	month = {1995///},
	pages = {829 - 834},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall Ltd},
	abstract = {The purpose of this study was to contribute to the understanding of the effect of titanium ions released from a metallic substrate on the molecular structure of hydroxyapatite. The effects of pH, time of incubation and concentration of titanium ions were investigated. The solids were analysed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The results clearly indicate the presence of a titanium phosphate, Ti(HPO                        4)
                        2{\textperiodcentered}nH
                        2O (n = 1-3), which probably has a double layered structure. The formation of this compound is dependent on the titanium concentration and its crystallinity increases with the time of incubation.
The purpose of this study was to contribute to the understanding of the effect of titanium ions released from a metallic substrate on the molecular structure of hydroxyapatite. The effects of pH, time of incubation and concentration of titanium ions were investigated. The solids were analysed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The results clearly indicate the presence of a titanium phosphate, Ti(HPO
                        4)
                        2{\textperiodcentered}nH
                        2O (n = 1-3), which probably has a double layered structure. The formation of this compound is dependent on the titanium concentration and its crystallinity increases with the time of incubation.
},
	keywords = {Calcium Compounds, Chemical structure, Coatings, conference paper, Crystallinity, Crystallization, Dissolution, Energy dispersive x ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy, hydroxyapatite, Implants (surgical), incubation time, infrared spectroscopy, Ions, metal ion, Molecular Structure, pH, pH effects, phosphate, Phosphates, priority journal, Raman spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis, thermogravimetry, time, Titanium, Titanium compounds, X ray analysis, X ray diffraction},
	isbn = {09574530 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029583899\&partnerID=40\&md5=724de7ed1c6fddd7a7e258cd19ba3710},
	author = {Ribeiro, C.C. and Barbosa, M.A. and Machado, A.A.S.C. and Tudor, A. and Davies, M.C.}
}
