



@article {2228,
	title = {Isotropic micropatterned silica coatings on zirconia induce guided cell growth for dental implants},
	journal = {Dental MaterialsDent. Mater.},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2011},
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},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {581 - 589},
	abstract = {Titanium implants are the gold standard in dentistry; however, problems such as gingival tarnishing and peri-implantitis have been reported. For zirconia to become a competitive alternative dental implant material, surface modification techniques that induce guided tissue growth must be developed. Objectives: To develop alternative surface modification techniques to promote guided tissue regeneration on zirconia materials, for applications in dental implantology. Methods: A methodology that combined soft lithography and sol-gel chemistry was used to obtain isotropic micropatterned silica coatings on yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates. The materials were characterized via chemical, structural, surface morphology approaches. In vitro biological behavior was evaluated in terms of early adhesion and viability/metabolic activity of human osteoblast-like cells. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA/Tukey HSD post hoc test. Results: Isotropic micropatterned silica coatings on yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates were obtained using a combined approach based on sol-gel technology and soft lithography. Micropatterned silica surfaces exhibited a biocompatible behavior, and modulated cell responses (i.e. inducing early alignment of osteoblast-like cells). After 7 d of culture, the cells fully covered the top surfaces of pillar microstructured silica films. Significance: The micropatterned silica films on zirconia showed a biocompatible response, and were capable of inducing guided osteoblastic cell adhesion, spreading and propagation. The results herein presented suggest that surface-modified ceramic implants via soft lithography and sol-gel chemistry could potentially be used to guide periodontal tissue regeneration, thus promoting tight tissue apposition, and avoiding gingival retraction and peri-implantitis. {\textcopyright} 2011 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Adhesion, article, Biological behavior, biomaterial, biomedical and dental materials, cell adhesion, Cell culture, Cell Line, cell proliferation, Cell response, cell survival, Ceramic implants, ceramics, chemistry, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Coatings, confocal microscopy, crystallography, Dental implant materials, Dental implantology, Dental Implants, Dental Materials, Dental prostheses, diagnostic agent, dyes, reagents, indicators, markers and buffers, Gels, Gold standards, Growth kinetics, Guided tissue regeneration, Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal, heat, Hot Temperature, human, Human osteoblast-like cells, Humans, In-vitro, Indicators and Reagents, Lithography, materials testing, Micropatterned, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, osteoblast, Osteoblast-like cells, Osteoblastic cell adhesion, Osteoblasts, oxazine derivative, Oxazines, Peri-implantitis, Periodontal tissue, periodontics, phase transition, physiology, Raman spectrometry, resazurin, Scanning electron microscopy, Silica, Silica coatings, Silica film, Silica surface, silicon dioxide, Soft lithography, Sol-gel, Sol-gel chemistry, Sol-gel process, Sol-gel technology, Sol-gels, Sols, Spectrum Analysis, Raman, Stabilized zirconia, Statistical analysis, Surface modification techniques, Surface morphology, Surface Properties, surface property, Surface-modified, Surfaces, time, Time Factors, Tissue, Tissue growth, Titanium, Titanium implants, tooth implantation, Top surface, X ray diffraction, X-Ray Diffraction, xanthene derivative, Xanthenes, yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia, Yttria stabilized zirconia, yttrium, Yttrium alloys, Zirconia, Zirconia materials, zirconium},
	isbn = {01095641 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79955638770\&partnerID=40\&md5=31e0130d40aa381f08a781115b43fe2e},
	author = {Pelaez-Vargas, A. and Gallego-Perez, D. and Magallanes-Perdomo, M. and Fernandes, M.H. and Hansford, D.J. and De Aza, A.H. and Pena, P. and Monteiro, F.J.}
}
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Moraru, L., Cimponeriu, L., Tong, S., Thakor, N., Bezerianos, A., Characterization of heart rate variability changes following asphyxia in rats (2004) Methods Inf Med, 43 (1), pp. 118-121; 
Oppenheimer, L.W., Lewinsky, R.M., Power spectral analysis of fetal heart rate (1994) Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol, 8 (3), pp. 643-661; 
Parati, G., Mancia, G., Di Rienzo, M., Castiglioni, P., Taylor, J.A., Studinger, P., Point: Counterpoint: Cardiovascular variability is/is not an index of autonomic control of circulation (2006) J Appl Physiol, 101 (2), pp. 676-682; 
Pincus, S., Viscarello, R., Approximate Entropy: A regularity measure for fetal heart rate analysis (1992) Obstet Gynecol, 79, pp. 249-255; 
Pincus, S., Aproximate entropy (ApEn) as a complexity measure (1995) Chaos, 5, pp. 110-117; 
Pincus, S.M., Gevers, E.F., Robinson, I.C.A.F., VanDenBerg, G., Roelfsema, F., Hartman, M.L., Females secrete growth hormone with more process irregularity than males in both humans and rats (1996) Am J Physiol-Endocrinol Metab, 270 (1), pp. E107-E115; 
Richman, J.S., Moorman, J.R., Physiological time-series analysis using approximate entropy and sample entropy (2000) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 278, pp. H2039-H2049; 
Sanyal, S.N., Ono, K., Derangement of autonomic nerve control in rat with right ventricular failure (2002) Pathophysiology, 8 (3), pp. 197-203; 
Signorini, M.G., Magenes, G., Cerrutti, S., Arduini, D., Linear and nonlinear parameters for the analysis of fetal heart rate signal from cardiotacographic recordings (2003) IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 50, pp. 365-373; 
(1996), Task force, Heart rate variability - standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use Circulation 93 1043-65 Task force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and ElectrophysiologyTaylor, J.A., Studinger, P., Cardiovascular variability is/is not an index of autonomic control of circulation (2006) J Appl Physiol, 101 (2), pp. 690-691; 
Welch, P.D., The use of Fast Fourier Transform for the estimation of power spectra: a method based on time averaging over short, modified periodograms (1967) IEEE Trans Audio Electroacous, AU-15 (2), pp. 70-73; 
Yum, M.K., Park, E.Y., Kim, C.R., Hwang, J.H., Alterations in irregular and fractal heart rate behavior in growth restricted fetuses (2001) Eur J Obstet Gynecol, 94, pp. 51-58
},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {746 - 752},
	abstract = {Monocrotaline (MCT) is commonly used to experimentally induce pulmonary hypertension (PH), which might lead to chronic heart failure. In this study, linear and non-linear heart rate (HR) dynamics were weekly assessed in MCT-treated and non-treated Wistar rats.The HR of 10 adult Wistar rats injected with MCT (MCT group) and of 10 similar rats injected with vehicle (non-MCT group), anesthetized with Ketamine, was weekly recorded during 4 weeks. The first four segments of 1-min length of each HR recording were analysed using linear, time and frequency domains, and approximate (ApEn) and sample (SampEn) entropy indices, considering recently proposed values for the threshold parameter of ApEn and SampEn. Statistical analysis was performed using 95\% confidence intervals and statistical tests.Along the study period, an overall weekly maintenance of HR indices, or a decrease, namely in weeks 1-2, was manifest, in the MCT group, except for LF and LF/HF, in week 1, denoting a short-term increase in sympathetic activity without any other changes. On the other hand, a maintenance of HR indices, or an increase, namely on week 4, was observed in the non-MCT group, except for LF/HF, denoting a long-term increase of the overall activity of HR control systems, with a parasympathetic like dominance.Studies on long-term HR dynamics should be performed in very carefully controlled experimental settings, as significant weekly changes may occur, both among anesthetized MCT-treated and non-treated rats. {\textcopyright} 2010 IPEM.},
	keywords = {adrenergic activity, Amines, animal experiment, animal model, Animals, article, cholinergic activity, Chronic heart failures, Confidence interval, controlled study, Disease Models, Animal, Electrocardiography, entropy, Female, Frequency domain analysis, Frequency domains, Heart, heart electrophysiology, Heart rate, Heart rate variability, Heart rate variability (HRV), Heart rates, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Injections, Subcutaneous, Ketamine, Maintenance, Monocrotaline, Non-linear, nonhuman, priority journal, Pulmonary hypertension, rat, Rat model, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Statistical analysis, statistical parameters, Sympathetic activities, Threshold parameters, Time and frequency domain analysis, Time domain analysis, Time Factors, Wistar rat, Wistar rats},
	isbn = {13504533 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77955279673\&partnerID=40\&md5=5fa2879d821f37e48f50a723fa1cb225},
	author = {Gon{\c c}alves, H. and Henriques-Coelho, T. and Bernardes, J. and Rocha, A.P. and Brand{\~a}o-Nogueira, A. and Leite-Moreira, A.}
}
@article {2271,
	title = {Assessment of Disagreement: A New Information-Based Approach},
	journal = {Annals of EpidemiologyAnn. Epidemiol.},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 2Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: ANNPEdoi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.02.011Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Costa-Santos, C.; Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hern{\^a}ni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; email: csantos@med.up.ptReferences: Bland, M., (2000) An introduction to medical statistics, , Oxford University Press, Oxford;Costa Santos, C., Costa Pereira, A., Bernardes, J., Agreement studies in obstetrics and gynecology: inappropriateness, controversies and consequences (2005) Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 112, pp. 667-669; 
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Luiz, R.R., Szklo, M., More than one statistical strategy to assess agreement of quantitative measurements may usefully be reported (2005) J Clin Epidemiol, 58, pp. 215-216; 
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Steiner, D.L., Norman, G.R., (2003) Health measurements scales. A practical guide to their development and use, , Oxford University Press, Oxford; 
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Luiz, R.R., Costa, A.J., Kale, P.L., Werneck, G.L., Assessment of agreement of a quantitative variable: a new graphical approach (2003) J Clin Epidemiol, 56, pp. 963-967; 
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Bland, J.M., Altaman, D.G., Measuring agreement in method comparison studies (1999) Stat Methods Med Res, 8, pp. 135-160
},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {554 - 561},
	abstract = {Purpose: Disagreement on the interpretation of diagnostic tests and clinical decisions remains an important problem in medicine. As no strategy to assess agreement seems to be fail-safe to compare the degree of agreement, or disagreement, we propose a new information-based approach to assess disagreement. Methods: The sum over all logarithms of possible outcomes of a variable is a valid measure of the amount of information contained in the variable. The proposed measure is based on the amount of information contained in the differences between two observations. This measure is normalized and satisfies the flowing properties: it is a metric, scaled invariant and it has differential weighting. Results: Two real examples and a simulation were used to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed measure to compare the degree of disagreement. Conclusions: Used as complement to the existing methods, we believe our approach can be useful to compare the degree of disagreement among different populations. {\textcopyright} 2010 Elsevier Inc.},
	keywords = {analysis of variance, Apgar score, article, Blood Pressure Determination, blood pressure measurement, correlation coefficient, human, Humans, information science, Information Theory, intermethod comparison, mathematical computing, measurement error, medical research, metric system, Models, Statistical, observer variation, priority journal, probability, process model, reliability, Reproducibility of Results, scale up, standard, Statistical analysis, statistical model, statistics, Statistics as Topic, systolic blood pressure, validity, variance},
	isbn = {10472797 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953667921\&partnerID=40\&md5=2c69deee8cc7bb3a02019dfa464095a1},
	author = {Costa-Santos, C. and Antunes, L. and Souto, A. and Bernardes, J.}
}
@book {2331,
	title = {The influence of the risk functional in data classification with MLPs},
	series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.},
	volume = {5163 LNCS},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Conference code: 73798Cited By (since 1996): 2Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: Scopusdoi: 10.1007/978-3-540-87536-9_20Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Silva, L. M.; INEB -Instituto de Engenharia Biom{\'e}dica, Divis{\~a}o de Sinal e Imagem, Campus FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200 - 465 Porto, Portugal; email: lmsilva@fe.up.ptReferences: Silva, L.M., Alexandre, L.A., Marques de S{\'a}, J.: Data classification with multilayer perceptrons using a generalized error function. Neural Networks (2008) doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2008.04,004Erdogmus, D., Principe, J.C., Generalized information potential criterion for adaptive system training (2002) IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 13 (5), pp. 1035-1044;Erdogmus, D., Principe, J.C., An Error-Entropy Minimization Algorithm for Supervised Training of Nonlinear Adaptive Systems (2002) IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 50 (7), pp. 1780-1786; 
Santos, J.M., Alexandre, L.A., Marques de S{\'a}, J., The Error Entropy Minimization Algorithm for Neural Network Classification (2004) Int. Conf. on Recent Advances in Soft Computing, , Nottingham, United Kingdom; 
Duda, R., Hart, P., Stork, D., (2001) Pattern Classification, , Wiley-Interscience, Chichester; 
Newman, D., Hettich, S., Blake, C., Merz, C., (1998) UCI repository of machine learning databases; 
Baum, E.B., Haussler, D., What size net gives valid generalization? (1990) Neural Computation, 1 (1), pp. 151-160; 
Santos, J.M., Marques de S{\'a}, J., Alexandre, L.A., Neural Networks Trained with the EEM Algorithm: Tuning the Smoothing Parameter (2005) WSEAS Transactions on Systems, 4 (4), pp. 295-300; 
Marques de S{\'a}, J., (2007) Using SPSS, STATISTICA, MATLAB and R, , 2nd edn. Springer, Heidelberg; 
Embrechts, M.J., Szymanski, B., Sternickel, M., Introduction to Scientific Data Mining: Direct Kernel Methods and Applications (2004) Computationally Intelligent Hybrid Systems, pp. 317-363. , ch. 10, pp, Wiley Interscience, Chichester; 
Bennett, K.P., Embrechts, M.J., An Optimization Perspective on Kernel Partial Least Squares Regression (2003) Models and Applications. NATO Science Series, 3, pp. 227-249. , Advances in Learning Theory: Methods, 190, pp, IOS Press, Amsterdam; 
Suykens, J.A.K., Vandewalle, J., Least squares support vector machine classifiers (1999) Neural Processing Letters, 9 (3), pp. 293-300; 
Suykens, J.A.K., Gestel, T.V., Brabanter, J.D., Moor, B.D., Vandewalle, J., (2003) Least Squares Support Vector Machines, , World Scientific Pub. Co, Singapore; 
Keerthi, S.S., Shevade, S.K., SMO algorithm for least squares SVM formulations (2003) Neural Computation, 15, pp. 487-507; 
Cristianini, N., Shawe-Taylor, J., (2000) Support Vector Machines and Other KernelBased Learning Methods, , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; 
Vapnik, V., (1998) Statistical Learning Theory, , Wiley-Interscience, Chichester; 
Sch{\"o}lkopf, B., Smola, A.J., (2002) Learning with Kernels, , MIT Press, Cambridge
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {185 - 194},
	address = {Prague},
	abstract = {We investigate the capability of multilayer perceptrons using specific risk functionals attaining the minimum probability of error (optimal performance) achievable by the class of mappings implemented by the multilayer perceptron (MLP). For that purpose we have carried out a large set of experiments using different risk functionals and datasets. The experiments were rigorously controlled so that any performance difference could only be attributed to the different risk functional being used. Statistical analysis was also conducted in a careful way. From the several conclusions that can be drawn from our experimental results it is worth to emphasize that a risk functional based on a specially tuned exponentially weighted distance attained the best performance in a large variety of datasets. As to the issue of attaining the minimum probability of error we also carried out classification experiments using non-MLP classifiers that implement complex mappings and are known to provide the best results until this date. These experiments have provided evidence that at least in many cases, by using an adequate risk functional, it will be possible to reach the optimal performance. {\textcopyright} Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2008.},
	keywords = {Backpropagation, Complex mapping, Data classification, Data sets, Electric loads, Experiments, Functionals, Minimum probability of error, MLP classifiers, Multi layer perceptron, Multi-layer perceptrons, Multilayer neural networks, Multilayers, Optimal performance, Pattern recognition systems, Probability density function, risks, Statistical analysis, Weighted distance},
	isbn = {03029743 (ISSN); 3540875352 (ISBN); 9783540875352 (ISBN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-58849129862\&partnerID=40\&md5=d9d0d90a540a21b191eebbf1956ed6e9},
	author = {Silva, L.M. and Embrechts, M. and Santos, J.M. and De S{\'a}, J.M.}
}
@article {2339,
	title = {Linear and nonlinear heart-rate analysis in a rat model of acute anoxia},
	journal = {Physiological MeasurementPhysiol. Meas.},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 6Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: PMEAEdoi: 10.1088/0967-3334/29/9/010PubMed ID: 18784391Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Gon{\c c}alves, H.; Departamento de Matem{\'a}tica Aplicada, Faculdade de Ci{\^e}ncias, Universidade Do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; email: hernani.goncalves@fc.up.ptReferences: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician-Gynecologists, Number 70, December 2005 (2005) Obstet. Gynecol., 106, pp. 1453-1460;Ayres-De-Campos, D., Bernardes, J., Garrido, A., Marques-De-S{\'a}, J., Pereira-Leite, L., SisPorto 2.0: A program for automated analysis of cardiotocograms (2000) J. Mat. Fet. Med., 9 (5), pp. 311-318; 
Ayres-De-Campos, D., Santos, C., Bernardes, J., Prediction of neonatal state by computer analysis of fetal heart rate tracings: The antepartum arm of the SisPorto{\textregistered} validation study (2005) Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol., 118 (1), pp. 52-60; 
Beckers, F., Verheyden, B., Aubert, A.E., Aging and nonlinear heart rate control in a healthy population (2006) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 290 (6), pp. 2560-H2570; 
Beckers, F., Verheyden, B., Ramaekers, D., Swinghedauw, B., Aubert, A.E., Effects of autonomic blockade on non-linear cardiovascular variability indices in rats (2006) Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 33 (5-6), pp. 431-439; 
Bernardes, J., Ayres-De-Campos, D., Costa-Pereira, A., Pereira-Leite, L., Garrido, A., Objective computerized fetal heart rate analysis (1998) Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet., 62 (2), pp. 141-147; 
Bernardes, J., Moura, C., Marques-De-S{\'a}, J.P., Pereira-Leite, L., The Porto system for automated cardiotocographic signal analysis (1991) J. Perinat. Med., 19, pp. 61-65; 
Cerutti, C., Gustin, M.P., Paultre, C.Z., Lo, M., Julien, C., Vincent, M., Sassard, J., Autonomic nervous-system and cardiovascular variability in rats-a spectral-analysis approach (1991) Am. J. Physiol., 261, pp. 1292-H1299; 
Chaffin, D.G., Barnard, J.M., Phernetton, T., Reed, K.L., Decreased approximate entropy of heart rate variability in the hypoxic ovine fetus (1998) J. Matern. Fetal Invest., 8, pp. 23-26; 
Dudewicz, E., Mishra, S., (1988) Modern Mathematical Statistics; 
Felgueiras, C., Marques-De-S{\'a}, J.P., Bernardes, J., Gama, S., Fractal characterisation of fetal heart rate sequences (1998) Biomedical Eng., 36, pp. 197-201; 
Gon{\c c}alves, H., Bernardes, J., Rocha, A.P., Ayres-De-Campos, D., Linear and nonlinear analysis of heart rate patterns associated with fetal behavioral states in the antepartum period (2007) Early Human Develop., 83 (9), pp. 585-591; 
Gon{\c c}alves, H., Rocha, A.P., Ayres-De-Campos, D., Bernardes, J., Internal versus external intrapartum foetal heart rate monitoring: The effect on linear and nonlinear parameters (2006) Physiol. Meas., 27 (3), pp. 307-319; 
Gon{\c c}alves, H., Rocha, A.P., Ayres-De-Campos, D., Bernardes, J., Linear and nonlinear fetal heart rate analysis of normal and acidemic fetuses in the minutes preceding delivery (2006) Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., 44 (10), pp. 847-855; 
Hayes, M., (1996) Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modelling; 
Henriques-Coelho, T., Correia-Pinto, J., Roncon-Albuquerque, R., Baptista, M.J., Lourenco, A.P., Oliveira, S.M., Brandao-Nogueira, A., Leite-Moreira, A.F., Endogenous production of ghrelin and beneficial effects of its exogenous administration in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension (2004) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 287 (6), pp. 2885-H2890; 
Kuwahara, M., Yayou, K., Ishii, K., Hashimoto, S., Tsubone, H., Sugano, S., Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability as a new method for assessing autonomic activity in the rat (1994) J. Electrocardiology, 27 (4), pp. 333-337; 
Li, X., Tang, D., Zhou, S., Zhou, G., Wang, C., Zhuang, Y., Wu, G., Shen, L., Redistribution of power spectrum of heart rate variability during acute umbilical artery embolism and hypoxemia in late-gestation fetal sheep (2004) Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol., 114 (2), pp. 137-143; 
Louren{\c c}o, A.P., Roncon-Albuquerque, R., Bras-Silva, C., Faria, B., Wieland, J., Henriques-Coelho, T., Correia-Pinto, J., Leite-Moreira, A.F., Myocardial dysfunction and neurohumoral activation without remodeling in left ventricle of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats (2006) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 291 (4), pp. 1587-H1594; 
Magenes, G., Signorini, M.G., Arduini, D., Classification of cardiotocographic records by neural networks (2000) IJCNN 2000: Proc. IEEE-INNS-ENNS Int. Joint Conf. on Neural Network, 3, pp. 637-641; 
Martinez, W.L., Martinez, A.R., (2002) Computational Statistics Handbook with MATLAB; 
Moraru, L., Cimponeriu, L., Tong, S., Thakor, N., Bezerianos, A., Characterization of heart rate variability changes following asphyxia in rats (2004) Methods Inf. Med., 43 (1), pp. 118-121; 
Moraru, L., Tong, S., Malhotra, A., Geocadin, R., Thakor, N., Bezerianos, A., Investigation of the effects of ischemic preconditioning on the HRV response to transient global ischemia using linear and nonlinear methods (2005) Med. Eng. Phys., 27 (6), pp. 465-473; 
Murasato, Y., Hirakawa, H., Harada, Y., Nakamura, T., Hayashida, Y., Effects of systemic hypoxia on R-r interval and blood pressure variabilities in conscious rats (1998) Am. J. Physiol., 275, pp. 797-H804; 
Niklasson, U., Wiklund, U., Bjerle, P., Olofsson, B.O., Heart-rate variation-what are we measuring? (1993) Clin. Physiol., 13 (1), pp. 71-79; 
Pincus, S., Aproximate entropy (ApEn) as a complexity measure (1995) Chaos, 5 (1), pp. 110-117; 
Pincus, S.M., Gevers, E.F., Robinson, I.C.A.F., Vandenberg, G., Roelfsema, F., Hartman, M.L., Veldhuis, J.D., Females secrete growth hormone with more process irregularity than males in both humans and rats (1996) Am. J. Physiol., 270, pp. 107-E115; 
Pincus, S., Viscarello, R., Approximate Entropy: A regularity measure for fetal heart rate analysis (1992) Obstet. Gynecol., 79, pp. 249-255; 
Richman, J.S., Moorman, J.R., Physiological time-series analysis using approximate entropy and sample entropy (2000) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 278, pp. 2039-H2049; 
Signorini, M.G., Magenes, G., Cerrutti, S., Arduini, D., Linear and nonlinear parameters for the analysis of fetal heart rate signal from cardiotacographic recordings (2003) IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 50 (3), pp. 365-373; 
Siira, S.M., Ojala, T.H., Vahlberg, T.J., Jalonen, J.O., Valimaki, I.A., Rosen, K.G., Ekholm, E.M., Marked fetal acidosis and specific changes in power spectrum analysis of fetal heart rate variability recorded during the last hour of labour (2005) BJOG, 112 (4), pp. 418-423; 
Task force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology, Heart rate variability-standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use (1996) Circulation, 93, pp. 1043-1065; 
Vieira, P., Marques-De-S{\'a}, J.P., Bernardes, J., Fractal analysis of foetal heart rate (2004) Proc. Biosignal 2004, pp. 53-55
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {1133 - 1143},
	abstract = {The objective of this study was the assessment of heart-rate (HR) dynamics with linear and nonlinear methods during episodes of mechanical ventilation and acute anoxia in rats. Namely, to assess whether linear and nonlinear HR analysis was able to discriminate acute anoxia from baseline in rats and if this was consistent with human foetal and adult studies. Five HR segments of 1 min duration, during baseline recording, mechanical ventilation and first, second and third minutes of induced acute anoxia, were analysed in ten adult Wistar rats. Linear time and frequency domain and nonlinear methods were used, namely mean HR (mHR), long-term irregularity (LTI), interval index (II), low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF), approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn). New parameters for the entropy indices are proposed for the analysis of rats{\textquoteright} HR. Bootstrap percentile confidence intervals and nonparametric statistical tests were used in the evaluation of the differences between segments. During mechanical ventilation a clear spectral band was detectable at the ventilation rate, but mHR, II and the {\textquoteright}new{\textquoteright} entropy indices were the only significantly changed indices. In the transition from baseline-mechanical- ventilation to mechanical-ventilation-induced anoxia, a statistically significant decrease of mHR, II and entropy indices was observed, clearly discriminating these two instances, whereas most linear indices increased. With continued anoxia, most linear indices decreased significantly, whereas entropy remained stably low. These results are consistent with other foetal human and non-human studies and evidence that the rat model may be used for further research on linear and nonlinear analysis of heart-rate dynamics. The transition from baseline to acute anoxia was encompassed by signs of increased activation of the autonomic nervous system sympathetic branch, and decreased or blunted activity of the HR complexity regulatory centres. {\textcopyright} 2008 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.},
	keywords = {acute disease, animal experiment, animal model, Animals, Anoxia, article, artificial ventilation, bootstrapping, controlled study, entropy, Female, Fetal monitoring, frequency analysis, Heart rate, Heart rate variability, Humans, Linear analysis, linear system, lung ventilation, Models, Cardiovascular, nonhuman, nonlinear system, priority journal, rat, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Rattus, Rattus norvegicus, Respiration, Artificial, Statistical analysis, Variability, Wistar rat, Wistar rats},
	isbn = {09673334 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-51849120545\&partnerID=40\&md5=56be327bb0d959060a2f4a0f080ae264},
	author = {Gon{\c c}alves, H. and Henriques-Coelho, T. and Bernardes, J. and Rocha, A.P. and Nogueira, A. and Leite-Moreira, A.}
}
@article {2514,
	title = {The use of geographic information systems in health data analysis},
	journal = {O uso dos sistemas de informa{\c c}{\~a}o geogr{\'a}fica na an{\'a}lise de dados de sa{\'u}deArquivos de MedicinaArq. Med.},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: ARQMELanguage of Original Document: PortugueseCorrespondence Address: De Pina, M.D.F.; INEB - Inst. de Engenharia Biomedica, Laborat{\'o}rio de Biomateriais, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; email: fpina@ibmc.up.ptReferences: Barcelos, C., Ramalho, W., Situa{\c c}{\~a}o Atual do Geoprocessamento e da An{\'a}lise de Dados Espaciais em Sa{\'u}de no Brasil (2002) Inform{\'a}tica P{\'u}blica, 4, pp. 221-230;Pina, M., Potencialidades dos sistemas de informa{\c c}{\~o}es geogr{\'a}ficas na {\'a}rea da Sa{\'u}de (1998) Sa{\'u}de e Espa{\c c}o, Estudos Metodol{\'o}gicos e T{\'e}cnicas de An{\'a}lise, , NAJAR, A., MARQUES, E. (orgs), Editora Fiocruz, Brasil; 
Carvalho, M., Pina, M., Santos, S., (2000) Conceitos B{\'a}sicos de Sistemas de Informa{\c c}{\~a}o Geogr{\'a}fica e Cartografia Aplicados {\`a} Sa{\'u}de, , Editora Organiza{\c c}{\~a}o Mundial da Sa{\'u}de, Brasil; 
Nossa, P., (2001) Geografia da Sa{\'u}de: o Caso da SIDA, , Portugal, Celta Editora; 
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},
	month = {2003///},
	pages = {183 - 186},
	keywords = {article, data analysis, geographic distribution, geographic information system, health survey, information system, Statistical analysis},
	isbn = {08713413 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0142075693\&partnerID=40\&md5=52d3ec2435aa08779e69862458711a97},
	author = {De Pina, M.D.F.}
}
@article {2563,
	title = {Classification of breast tissue by electrical impedance spectroscopy},
	journal = {Medical and Biological Engineering and ComputingMed. Biol. Eng. Comput.},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996): 42Export Date: 21 November 2012Source: ScopusCODEN: MBECDPubMed ID: 10829386Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Marques de Sa, J.P.; INEB, Facul. Engenharia Universidade Porto, Porto, Portugal; email: jmsa@fe.op.ptReferences: Brown, B.H., Barber, D.C., Morice, A.H., Leathard, A.D., Cardiac and respiratory related electrical impedance changes in the human thorax (1994) IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., BME-41, pp. 729-734;Campbell, A.M., Land, D.V., Dielectric properties of female breast tissue measured in vitro at 3.2 GHz (1992) Phys. Med. Biol., 37, pp. 193-210; 
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},
	month = {2000///},
	pages = {26 - 30},
	publisher = {Peter Peregrinus Ltd},
	abstract = {Electrical impedance spectroscopy is a minimally invasive technique that has clear advantages for living tissue characterisation owing to its low cost and ease of use. The present paper describes how this technique can be applied to breast tissue classification and breast cancer detection. Statistical analysis is used to derive a set of rules based on features extracted from the graphical representation of electrical impedance spectra. These rules are used hierarchically to discriminate several classes of breast tissue. Results of statistical classification obtained from a data set of 106 cases representing six classes of excised breast tissue show an overall classification efficiency of ~92\% with carcinoma discrimination > 86\%.Electrical impedance spectroscopy is a minimally invasive technique that has clear advantages for living tissue characterization owing to its low cost and ease of use. The present paper describes how this technique can be applied to breast tissue classification and breast cancer detection. Statistical analysis is used to derive a set of rules based on features extracted from the graphical representation of electrical impedance spectra. These rules are used hierarchically to discriminate several classes of breast tissue. Results of statistical classification obtained from a data set of 106 cases representing six classes of excised breast tissue show an overall classification efficiency of approximately 92\% with carcinoma discrimination >86\%.
},
	keywords = {article, Breast, breast cancer, Breast Neoplasms, cancer classification, Data classification, Discriminant Analysis, Electric Impedance, Electrical impedance spectroscopy, Electrodiagnosis, Feature extraction, Female, human, Humans, impedance, Impedance spectroscopy, major clinical study, Medical imaging, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Spectroscopy, Statistical analysis, Statistical methods, Tissue, Tissue characterisation},
	isbn = {01400118 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033962139\&partnerID=40\&md5=1510d493688d338d985aad2a31d1caeb},
	author = {Estrela Da Silva, J. and Marques De S{\'a}, J.P. and Jossinet, J.}
}
